Dear colleagues,

A reliable characterization of possible pre-earthquake processes requires their repeatable multisensor observation, rigorous formalization, and testing. This Special Issue expands cross-disciplinary discussions aiming at sound physical description, formalization, statistical validation, and verification of observed phenomena, which are proposed as precursors to strong earthquakes. The topic of this issue includes a variety of physical observations, ranging from ground-related changes in seismicity and deformation patterns (e.g., CGPS, SAR) to pre-earthquake changes induced in the atmosphere and ionosphere. More recent (mainly non-seismological) observations from space and ground have provided new evidence that a large earthquake is the result of a chain process involving a possible coupling between the lithosphere, where the tectonic movements produce seismic events, and the above atmospheric and ionospheric environment. This new multisensor approach may give new insights into tectonic processes and their interactions with the rest of the Earth system and possibly enhance capability in forecasting earthquakes. The latter include observations of geochemical, electromagnetic, electrochemical, and thermodynamic processes that can be related to stress variations in the lithosphere during the preparation phase of a large earthquake, along with their physical description and statistical verification. Methodological approaches, algorithms, and prospects toward earthquake forecasting from various pre-earthquake signals also fall within the scope of the Special Issue.

Dr. Gerassimos Papadopoulos
Prof. Dr. Angelo De Santis
Dr. Vladimir Kossobokov
Dr. Dimitar Ouzounov
Dr. Sergey Pulinets
Guest Editors

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• Ground-based observations
• Space observations
• Earthquake preparation phase
• Earthquake precursors
• Earthquake forecasting and prediction