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Effects of CO2 Emissions Control on Transportation and Its Energy Use

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sustainability and Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 9565

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Márcio de Almeida D'Agosto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Freight Transport Laboratory, Transportation Engineering Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Instituto of Postgraduation and Research in Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-917, Brazil
Interests: transportation; energy use; environmental impacts; green logistics; sustainable mobility
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Renata Albergaria de Mello Bandeira

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Graduate School of Transport Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Military Institute of Engineering, Praça General Tibúrcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Interests: humanitarian logistics; green logistics; sustainable mobility
Prof. Dr. Carlos Eduardo Sanches de Andrade

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Undergraduate School of Transport Engineering, Transport Engineering Department, Federal University of Goiás, Rua Mucuri, S/N, área 03, Bairro Conde dos Arcos, 74968-755, Aparecida de Goiânia, GO, Brazil
Interests: sustainable transportation; CO2 emissions; renewable energy; life cycle assessment; rail systems
Dr. Luciana Maria Baptista Ventura

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Freight Transport Laboratory, Transportation Engineering Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Instituto of Postgraduation and Research in Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-917, Brazil
Interests: sustainable transportation; CO2 emissions; renewable energy; atmospheric pollutant emissions inventory

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Due to the extensive use of fossil fuels, transportation is globally one of the main contributors to carbon dioxide emissions, which is the most important greenhouse gas responsible for global warming and its effects on climatic changes and extreme events. Therefore, controlling and mitigating emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and relevant greenhouse gases (GEE) such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in transportation is known as one of the mandatory actions worldwide to avoid climatic problems.

In such a context, this Special Issue of Sustainability seeks to publish contemporary works that present innovative contributions on GEE emissions’ mitigation and control, as well as its impacts on the use of current or advanced energy sources in transportation. All kinds of contributions related, but not restricted, to the different research fields listed below are welcome:

  • Sustainable low emission and zero emission mobility (passenger and freight)
  • Freight transport in sustainable supply chain and/or in green logistics
  • Electromobility (passenger and freight)
  • The use of biofuels in transportation (all transport modes)
  • The use of hydrogen (H2) in transportation (all transport modes)
  • Improvements in conventional fossil fuels use to reduce GEE emissions
  • Sustainable approach of micro mobility–bicycles, scooters, motorcycles as part of a sustainable transportation system for passengers and freight
  • Active transportation systems–walking, use of bicycles and tricycles for passenger and freight
  • Advanced propulsion system technologies for road vehicles (battery electric vehicles–BEV, hybrid vehicles–electric and/or hydraulic systems, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles–PHEV, combined technologies–wired and wireless electric vehicles)
  • Advanced propulsion systems technologies and fuels for aquatic and air transportation (hybrid-drive ships, modern ship sails for combined propulsion, wind and solar energy use in ships and planes, hydrogen use in ships and planes
  • Completely advanced transportation systems for passenger and freight like drones and hyperloop
  • The use of transportation-specific methodologies such as avoid/shift/improve (ASI), activity/structure/intensity/fuel (ASIF) and wide-comprehensive tools such as life cycle assessment (LCA) or well-to-wheel (WTW) approach are welcome, but not mandatory
  • Top down bottom up and combined/complementary approach for atmospheric pollutant and GEE inventories are also welcome

All submitted material must make clear its innovative contribution and the control and/or mitigation action(s) considered, the amount of GEE emissions reduced and its impacts on the use of energy in transport. In addition, the economic and financial evaluation of each action and ways of financing it is also desired.

Prof. Dr. Márcio de Almeida D'Agosto
Prof. Dr. Renata Albergaria de Mello Bandeira
Prof. Dr. Carlos Eduardo Sanches de Andrade
Dr. Luciana Maria Baptista Ventura
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • CO2 emission control
  • sustainable mobility
  • greenhouse gases
  • atmospheric pollutants
  • environmental impacts

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 745 KiB  
Article
Development of Policy-Relevant Dialogues on Barriers and Enablers for the Transition to Low-Carbon Mobility in Brazil
by Daniel Neves Schmitz Gonçalves, George Vasconcelos Goes, Márcio de Almeida D’Agosto and Emilio Lebre La Rovere
Sustainability 2022, 14(24), 16405; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su142416405 - 08 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1188
Abstract
Establishing viable targets and pathways to achieve low-carbon mobility is proving to be a growing challenge, especially in emerging economies. Brazil has faced persistent economic and political crises, impacting current and future climate policies. The acceleration of resource exploitation and environmental degradation has [...] Read more.
Establishing viable targets and pathways to achieve low-carbon mobility is proving to be a growing challenge, especially in emerging economies. Brazil has faced persistent economic and political crises, impacting current and future climate policies. The acceleration of resource exploitation and environmental degradation has increased the role of the transport sector in mitigating Brazilian emissions. Despite advances in instruments aimed at high-capacity infrastructure and the biodiesel and ethanol markets, electric mobility and other advanced biofuels, such as biokerosene and green diesel, are moving slowly. Part of this stems from severe technical, policy, and financial barriers that need to be addressed. This paper identifies the main barriers faced and the instruments needed to accelerate decarbonization in the Brazilian transport sector. To this purpose, a stakeholder-oriented approach is developed and applied to distill low-carbon opportunities and enablers over the next decade. This article reveals the important relationship between climate commitments, the different obstacles faced, and the possible consequences, taking different perspectives on appropriate reference points. By 2025, instruments aimed at electric mobility and public transport, although still scarce in current policies, will have greater potential for implementation. This contrasts with other advanced biofuels, which are not expected until the end of the decade. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of CO2 Emissions Control on Transportation and Its Energy Use)
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22 pages, 8647 KiB  
Article
Effect of Water Vapor Injection on the Performance and Emissions Characteristics of a Spark-Ignition Engine
by Ming-Hsien Hsueh, Chao-Jung Lai, Meng-Chang Hsieh, Shi-Hao Wang, Chia-Hsin Hsieh, Chieh-Yu Pan and Wen-Chen Huang
Sustainability 2021, 13(16), 9229; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13169229 - 17 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2931
Abstract
The exhaust emissions from Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) are currently one of the main sources of air pollution. This research presented a method for improving the exhaust gases and the performance of a Spark-Ignition (SI) engine using a water vapor injection system and [...] Read more.
The exhaust emissions from Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) are currently one of the main sources of air pollution. This research presented a method for improving the exhaust gases and the performance of a Spark-Ignition (SI) engine using a water vapor injection system and a Non-Thermal Plasma (NTP) system. These two systems were installed on the intake manifold to investigate their effects on the engine’s performance and the characteristics of exhaust emission using different air/fuel (A/F) ratios and engine speeds. The temperatures of the injected water were adjusted to 5 and 25 °C, using a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) temperature control device. The total hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxide (NOx), and engine torque were measured at different A/F ratios and engine speeds. The results indicated that the adaptation of the water vapor injection system and NTP system increased the content of the combustibles and combustion-supporting substances while achieving better emissions and torque. According to the test results, while the engine torque under 25 °C water+NTP was raised to 7.29%, the HC under 25 °C water+NTP and the NOx under 25 °C water were reduced to 16.31% and 11.88%, respectively. In conclusion, the water vapor injection and the NTP systems installed on the intake manifold could significantly reduce air pollution and improve engine performance for a more sustainable environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of CO2 Emissions Control on Transportation and Its Energy Use)
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17 pages, 4454 KiB  
Article
Research on the Vehicle Emission Characteristics and Its Prevention and Control Strategy in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration, China
by Xiaowei Song and Yongpei Hao
Sustainability 2021, 13(3), 1119; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13031119 - 21 Jan 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2702
Abstract
With rapid economic development and urbanization in China, vehicle emissions are increasingly becoming one of the major factors affecting air quality. The Central Plains Urban Agglomeration (CPUA), which has undergone a fast increase in vehicle population and has an advantageous geographical location, was [...] Read more.
With rapid economic development and urbanization in China, vehicle emissions are increasingly becoming one of the major factors affecting air quality. The Central Plains Urban Agglomeration (CPUA), which has undergone a fast increase in vehicle population and has an advantageous geographical location, was selected as the study area. Vehicle emissions estimated based on the COPERT IV model in this area changed greatly between 1999 and 2015, during which time the emissions of NOx, CO2, and NH3 increased markedly. Passenger cars and light-duty vehicles were the main contributors to pollutants CO and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) emissions. Heavy-duty trucks and buses were the important contributors to pollutants NOx, PM2.5, and PM10. Passenger cars were the major contributors to CO2, CH4, N2O, NH3, and SO2. The city with the most emissions is Zhengzhou, followed by Luoyang, Shangqiu, and Zhoukou. The spatial distribution of vehicle emissions has formed around or tended to concentrate in urban centers. Then, this study also predicts the vehicle emissions from 2015 to 2025 and designs ten policy scenarios for the prevention and control of emissions to evaluate the emission reduction effect. The radical integrated scenario was most effective for controlling CO, NMVOC, NOx, PM2.5, PM10, CO2, N2O, and NH3 emissions than any one scenario by itself. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of CO2 Emissions Control on Transportation and Its Energy Use)
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18 pages, 1564 KiB  
Article
A Multitier Approach to Estimating the Energy Efficiency of Urban Passenger Mobility
by Daniel Neves Schmitz Gonçalves, Renata Albergaria de Mello Bandeira, Mariane Gonzalez da Costa, George Vasconcelos Goes, Tássia Faria de Assis, Márcio de Almeida D’Agosto, Isabela Rocha Pombo Lessi de Almeida and Rodrigo Rodrigues de Freitas
Sustainability 2020, 12(24), 10263; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su122410263 - 09 Dec 2020
Viewed by 1594
Abstract
As society has experiences new modes of mobility in recent years, cities have planned to increase their energy efficiency as a way of reducing environmental impacts and promoting economic development. However, governments face difficulties in establishing mechanisms to determine the best actions in [...] Read more.
As society has experiences new modes of mobility in recent years, cities have planned to increase their energy efficiency as a way of reducing environmental impacts and promoting economic development. However, governments face difficulties in establishing mechanisms to determine the best actions in the management of urban mobility regarding energy efficiency and to elaborate a ranking of cities based on energy efficiency in order to better allocate resources. This is due to the complex nature of obtaining a wide range of activity and energy data from a single municipality, especially in data-scarce regions. This paper develops and applies a model for estimating the energy efficiency of urban mobility that is applicable to different contexts and backgrounds. The main contribution of the article is the use of a multitier approach to compare and adjust outputs, considering different transport configurations and data sets. The results indicate that variations in vehicle occupancy and individual motorized transport rates have a significant impact on energy efficiency, which reached 0.70 passenger-kilometers/MJ in Sorocaba, Brazil. However, as the use of electric vehicles increases in this city, this scenario is expected to change. Additionally, the method has been proven to be an important mechanism for benchmarking purposes and for the decision-making process for transport investments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of CO2 Emissions Control on Transportation and Its Energy Use)
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