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The Role of Gas in Transition towards Low Carbon Energy Future and Sustainable Energy Security

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 22294

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1: Bilkent University Energy Policy Research Center, Ankara 312, Turkey
2: Mediterranean Observatory for Energy (OME), Paris 75000, France
Interests: world oil and gas markets; energy security; forecasting; geopolitics of energy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Attainment of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change requires an unprecedented momentum for a lower carbon economy. The penetration of decarbonized gases as well as natural gas with carbon capture will be crucial to the success of the new energy order. The natural gas industry has already started to embrace the idea of decarbonising or greening natural gas towards a low carbon energy future.

This emerging new energy order will also expand the pillars of the traditional energy security calculus. The transition towards a low carbon energy future will be ensured not only by combining policies and technology, but also by how fast and successfully the gas industry will adapt itself to the new reality across the gas value chain.

This Special Issue aims to contibute to investigating the role of gas and the gas industry in paving the way towards a low carbon energy future, and in attaining sustainable energy security, with a critical lens.

This call for papers seeks high-quality research and review articles to expand the above issues through local, regional and global perspectives.

Issues of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • The key benefits, barriers, uncertainties and challenges for the role of gas in global and regional energy transition;
  • The role of renewable gases, such as such as biomethane, bio-LNG and synthetic natural gas, as energy carriers towards a low carbon energy future;
  • The conversion of power to gas, the process of converting renewable energy to gaseous energy carriers such as hydrogen or synthetic natural gas;
  • The politics of renewable and decarbonised gases;
  • Technological improvements and environmental mitigation options such as gas flaring, carbon capture and storage, and fighting fugitive methane emissions;
  • Safety and environmental standards/regulations along the gas value chain;
  • The role of gas in fuel switching, from coal or oil to natural gas, to reduce CO2 emissions and air pollutants;
  • What role will gas play in the global energy transition: the bridge or the destination?
  • Innovation and technology for capturing the complementarity of natural gas and renewable energy systems;
  • Gas as an enabler for a cleaner transport sector, opportunities for gas in buildings and the industrial sector;
  • Gas industry in transtion: challenges and opportunities throughout the entire gas value chain.

Dr. Sohbet Karbuz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • natural gas
  • LNG
  • decarbonised gases
  • renewable gases
  • sustainable energy security

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

28 pages, 2581 KiB  
Article
Ammonia Production from Clean Hydrogen and the Implications for Global Natural Gas Demand
by Deger Saygin, Herib Blanco, Francisco Boshell, Joseph Cordonnier, Kevin Rouwenhorst, Priyank Lathwal and Dolf Gielen
Sustainability 2023, 15(2), 1623; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su15021623 - 13 Jan 2023
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 14229
Abstract
Non-energy use of natural gas is gaining importance. Gas used for 183 million tons annual ammonia production represents 4% of total global gas supply. 1.5-degree pathways estimate an ammonia demand growth of 3–4-fold until 2050 as new markets in hydrogen transport, shipping and [...] Read more.
Non-energy use of natural gas is gaining importance. Gas used for 183 million tons annual ammonia production represents 4% of total global gas supply. 1.5-degree pathways estimate an ammonia demand growth of 3–4-fold until 2050 as new markets in hydrogen transport, shipping and power generation emerge. Ammonia production from hydrogen produced via water electrolysis with renewable power (green ammonia) and from natural gas with CO2 storage (blue ammonia) is gaining attention due to the potential role of ammonia in decarbonizing energy value chains and aiding nations in achieving their net-zero targets. This study assesses the technical and economic viability of different routes of ammonia production with an emphasis on a systems level perspective and related process integration. Additional cost reductions may be driven by optimum sizing of renewable power capacity, reducing losses in the value chain, technology learning and scale-up, reducing risk and a lower cost of capital. Developing certification and standards will be necessary to ascertain the extent of greenhouse gas emissions throughout the supply chain as well as improving the enabling conditions, including innovative finance and de-risking for facilitating international trade, market creation and large-scale project development. Full article
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23 pages, 6757 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study of Ship Motion Effect on Pressurization and Holding Time of Tank Containers during Marine Transportation
by Peng Yu, Yuanchao Yin, Qianjin Yue and Shanghua Wu
Sustainability 2022, 14(6), 3595; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14063595 - 18 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1432
Abstract
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is the cleanest fossil fuel available, producing less carbon emissions and fewer pollutants than other fossil fuels. Marine transportation is a key process in the LNG supply chain. The use of tank containers, which are portable equipment, can effectively [...] Read more.
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is the cleanest fossil fuel available, producing less carbon emissions and fewer pollutants than other fossil fuels. Marine transportation is a key process in the LNG supply chain. The use of tank containers, which are portable equipment, can effectively facilitate multi-mode transportation. LNG evaporation causes pressurization, which is a safety concern during transportation. Ship motion and environmental temperature are the main factors affecting pressure variations. In this study, the effect of ship motion on pressurization and holding time was investigated through three types of experiments, namely, prototype, field, and self-pressurization experiments. The results showed that while increased boil-off gas was generated due to ship motion, this evaporation remained stable in dynamic cases. Higher evaporation rates were obtained under more severe dynamic conditions, and the holding time was shortened. The two different effects of ship motion on pressure development discussed here are the facilitation of pressurization due to the enhancement of heat transfer and the prevention of pressurization due to gas condensation at the vapor–liquid interface. These two effects show varied levels of predominance over the pressure variations depending on different stages of transportation. The holding time in the experiments was able to reach 87 days under the most severe condition, which is long enough for long-term shipping; the safety of transporting LNG in tank containers is further discussed based on the experimental results herein. Full article
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23 pages, 9717 KiB  
Article
The Economic Evaluation of Methanol and Propylene Production from Natural Gas at Petrochemical Industries in Iran
by Rahmad Syah, Afshin Davarpanah, Marischa Elveny, Amir Ghasemi and Dadan Ramdan
Sustainability 2021, 13(17), 9990; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13179990 - 06 Sep 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5607
Abstract
This investigation scrutinizes the economic features and potential of propylene and methanol production from natural gas in Iran because greenhouse gas emissions released by natural gas-based production processes are lower than coal-based ones. Considering the advantage of Iran’s access to natural gas, this [...] Read more.
This investigation scrutinizes the economic features and potential of propylene and methanol production from natural gas in Iran because greenhouse gas emissions released by natural gas-based production processes are lower than coal-based ones. Considering the advantage of Iran’s access to natural gas, this study evaluates and compares the economic value of different plans to complete the value chain of propylene production from natural gas and methanol in the form of four units based on three price scenarios, namely, optimistic, realistic, and pessimistic, using the COMFAR III software. Iran has been ranked as the second most prosperous country globally based on its natural gas reserves. Methanol and propylene production processes via natural gas will lower the release of greenhouse gas. This, increasing the investment and accelerating the development of methanol and propylene production units driven by natural gas will lead the world to a low emission future compared to coal-based plants. The economic evaluation and sensitivity analysis results revealed that the conversion of methanol to propylene is more attractive for investment than the sale of crude methanol. The development of methanol to propylene units is more economical than constructing a new gas to propylene unit because of the lower investment costs. Full article
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