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High Abilities, Talent and Creativity

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Psychology of Sustainability and Sustainable Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2020) | Viewed by 56184

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, University of La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
Interests: high ability; methodology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Psicología Social, Trabajo Social y Servicios Sociales y Antropología Social, University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
Interests: observational methodology; mixed methods; sport psychology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

This Research Topic, High Abilities, Talent, and Creativity, addresses the relationship between these variables in multiple and diverse areas of manifestation of human behavior.

Intelligence and creativity have always been related as essential components for learning and problem solving in everyday life. Knowing the relationship between intelligence and creativity is fundamental for the study of high intellectual capacity. The first scientific research on giftedness began at the end of the 19th century with the works of Francis Galton, the classic longitudinal study of Terman, or the work of Guilford that allowed the conceptualization of giftedness and talent to be incorporated, allowing us to have a more far-reaching perspective than the notion of monolithic intelligence.

In the present century, interest in high intellectual capacity, talent, and creativity has increased considerably. In contrast to the label giftedness, with a high genetic component that cannot be modified, the concept of high capacity has been developed, understood as an ability that must be developed in order for the individual to reach his or her maximum potential. Another important change of perspective has been to broaden the focus of interest, moving from considering only intellectual capacity to studying talent in specific areas, considering those areas of talent where results are obtained that are greater than 10% of the reference population. In this sense, the existence of intellectual, artistic, sporting, creative or social talent is considered (Gagné, 2004), for aptitudes that place the individual above 90% of their normative peers.

Creativity acquires special relevance today, since social and technological changes are transforming the society of the present and future, leading to greater robotization in the performance of tasks, which will force a change in professions, where creativity plays a crucial role. For this reason, its study, both within the school environment, and through its relationship with talent and its development, acquires great relevance.

Dr. Africa Borges
Prof. Dr. Antonio Hernández-Mendo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • high ability
  • sport talent
  • artistic talent
  • creativity

Published Papers (17 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 309 KiB  
Article
Influences of Learning Approaches, Student Engagement, and Satisfaction with Learning on Measures of Sustainable Behavior in a Social Sciences Student Sample
by Antonio Muñoz-García and Mª Dolores Villena-Martínez
Sustainability 2021, 13(2), 541; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13020541 - 08 Jan 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2924
Abstract
In this empirical study, we address the relationship between the dimensions of learning in higher education (i.e., student engagement, approaches to learning, and satisfaction with learning) and sustainability (i.e., austerity altruistic, pro-ecological and equitable behavior). The results demonstrate that there is a positive [...] Read more.
In this empirical study, we address the relationship between the dimensions of learning in higher education (i.e., student engagement, approaches to learning, and satisfaction with learning) and sustainability (i.e., austerity altruistic, pro-ecological and equitable behavior). The results demonstrate that there is a positive linear relationship between engagement with learning and deep and strategic approaches, motivation and strategies, and altruistic, equitable and pro-ecological behavior. Austerity, however, only correlated with high dedication to learning. Satisfaction with learning was associated with altruistic and equitable behavior and an overall measure of sustainability, and was independently associated with austerity and pro-ecological behavior. Engagement with learning was associated with sustainable behavior, especially with altruistic and pro-ecological behavior in its three expressions, namely, vigor, absorption and dedication. In contrast, austerity was found to be only associated with engagement with learning. As a whole, and in line with Bronfenbrenner’s theory, the results of this study suggest that the aforementioned systems are interconnected and mutually influence each other. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
24 pages, 1135 KiB  
Article
Psychological Well-Being and Its Relations to School Trajectory and Family Educational Capital in High Intellectual Ability Adolescents
by Doris Castellanos-Simons, Katia María Pérez-Pacheco and Eduardo Hernández-Padilla
Sustainability 2020, 12(21), 9190; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12219190 - 05 Nov 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2294
Abstract
The psychological well-being of adolescents depends on diverse contextual factors, in particular those relating to the educational and cultural capital of families. The study examined the relationships between psychological well-being of high-ability adolescents, family educational capital, and their school trajectory. The participants were [...] Read more.
The psychological well-being of adolescents depends on diverse contextual factors, in particular those relating to the educational and cultural capital of families. The study examined the relationships between psychological well-being of high-ability adolescents, family educational capital, and their school trajectory. The participants were 101 students from 1st year of a public high school in Morelos, Mexico, previously identify by their high intellectual ability. They completed an ad hoc form with information about cultural and academic aspects, and the Spanish version of the Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale. Results shown that the School trajectory factor only had significant effects on Control environment and Purpose in life’s dimensions. Meanwhile the analysis of variances yielded that Cultural capital showed significant differences with the following well-being scales: General, Self-acceptance, Positive relations, and Purpose in life. Furthermore, the interaction between Sex and Cultural capital had only significant effects on Positive Relations and Environmental control favoring men over women, while the interaction of Cultural capital and School trajectory had significant effects only on Purpose in Life dimension. The results emphasize the need for studies that clarify the role of sociocultural context factors in understanding the comprehensive development of highly able adolescents and their psychological well-being. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
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33 pages, 2247 KiB  
Article
Resilience and Creativity in Teenagers with High Intellectual Abilities. A Middle School Enrichment Experience in Vulnerable Contexts
by Gabriela López-Aymes, Santiago Roger Acuña and Gabriela Ordaz Villegas
Sustainability 2020, 12(18), 7670; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12187670 - 17 Sep 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4881
Abstract
This article presents and describes an extracurricular enrichment intervention program to promote the development of resilience factors, aimed at teenagers with high abilities from vulnerable social contexts. In addition, its effects on aspects related to creativity and resilience are explored. This program proposes [...] Read more.
This article presents and describes an extracurricular enrichment intervention program to promote the development of resilience factors, aimed at teenagers with high abilities from vulnerable social contexts. In addition, its effects on aspects related to creativity and resilience are explored. This program proposes a series of creative and meaningful activities so that students can explore, experiment, express their emotions and analytically contrast their own identity characteristics with their surrounding reality. A comparative case study was carried out with a mixed methodological approach. Three students (two male and one female) of 13 and 14 years of age and with high abilities, who attended a public middle school located in a disadvantaged sector of the Mexican capital, participated. The program was developed over nine sessions (90 min each), over two months. The quantitative analysis did not show significant differences in the creativity and resilience factors. However, the qualitative analysis of the tasks and products created by the participants has provided positive evidence about the program’s contribution to enhancing their self-knowledge and coping skills, considering the adversities of their family, school and social contexts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
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13 pages, 673 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Reliability and Generalizability of One Instrument for Assessing Visual Attention Span: MenPas Mondrian Color
by Rafael E. Reigal, Fernando González-Guirval, José L. Pastrana-Brincones, Sergio González-Ruiz, Antonio Hernández-Mendo and Verónica Morales-Sánchez
Sustainability 2020, 12(18), 7655; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12187655 - 16 Sep 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3057
Abstract
Attention is one skill related to processes such as memory or learning, so, its evaluation is very interesting in areas such as clinical, educational or sports. The aim of this paper is to analyze the reliability and generalizability of one online computerized tool, [...] Read more.
Attention is one skill related to processes such as memory or learning, so, its evaluation is very interesting in areas such as clinical, educational or sports. The aim of this paper is to analyze the reliability and generalizability of one online computerized tool, named MenPas Mondrian Color, that has been developed for the visual attention span assessing and training. In addition, it has been intended to determine any existing relationships among the different parameters of the tasks performed in order to check the coherence of the results obtained in the executions. In 11,540 analyzed executions of 1064 users from different American, African and European countries, 6543 of them were performed by women (56.70%) and 4997 by men (43.30%). The age distribution showed that all of the participants were aged 18–55 years, with an average of 25.50 ± 8.91 years. The analyzed tool is called MenPas Mondrian Color which is included in the MENPAS 1.0 platform. Reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha), variance components and generalizability analyses were carried out in order to analyze the quality of the data gathered by this tool. The obtained results indicated optimal scores in the analyses performed, suggesting that the data gathered are reliable, precise and statistically generalizable to a larger population. Likewise, correlation analyses indicated that the difficulty of the task is related to the effectiveness in its executions, indicating that this is a highly sensitive tool. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
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11 pages, 20713 KiB  
Article
Emotional Development in People with High Capacities: Induction of Emotions through Pictorial Abstraction
by Isabel de la Cuétara
Sustainability 2020, 12(15), 5912; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12155912 - 23 Jul 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1824
Abstract
The goal of this work was to help the researcher that studies emotions in people with high capacities (HCs) to understand and intervene in the socio-emotional aspects of this group, considering the features of their profile that present a certain specificity. The International [...] Read more.
The goal of this work was to help the researcher that studies emotions in people with high capacities (HCs) to understand and intervene in the socio-emotional aspects of this group, considering the features of their profile that present a certain specificity. The International Affective Picture System (IAPS) developed by Lang, and based on the dimensional theory of emotions, was applied using abstract works by Kandinsky and Mondrian as emotional stimuli. The study was conducted with university students not classified as HC, to represent the normative group and enable the establishment of comparisons, to verify the existence of social-emotional mismatches in the individuals considered HC. The results indicate that the stimuli used elicit emotional states with valence and medium-high arousal that are free of connotations derived from figurative representation and correspond only to the sensory properties of the stimulus (colour, shape, etc.), which facilitate the study of traits such as emotional intensity and sensitivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
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12 pages, 681 KiB  
Article
Validation of the Portuguese Adaptation of the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS-p)
by João Lameiras, Pedro L. Almeida, João Oliveira, Walan Robert da Silva, Bruno Martins, Antonio Hernández Mendo and António Fernando Rosado
Sustainability 2020, 12(14), 5614; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12145614 - 13 Jul 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2505
Abstract
The clear decline in the practice of physical activity (PA) in contemporary society has well-documented problematic consequences in public health. It has led to a clear investment of research efforts in the attempt to identify the psychological constructs associated with health behaviors such [...] Read more.
The clear decline in the practice of physical activity (PA) in contemporary society has well-documented problematic consequences in public health. It has led to a clear investment of research efforts in the attempt to identify the psychological constructs associated with health behaviors such as PA, in particular, the motivation that leads people to adopt these behaviors. In this context, the objective of the present study is to present a suggestion of a Portuguese version of the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS), denominated PALMS-p. This instrument evaluates the reasons for the practice of PA. The psychometric qualities of the instrument were evaluated in a sample of 234 participants (86 males, 148 females) who practiced different PA in a recreational context. Confirmatory factorial analysis confirmed the factorial robustness of the PALMS-p (χ2/df = 2.010 comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.950, goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.855, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.939 root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.021, P(RMSEA ≤ 0.05) < 0.001), and the results show that this version presents good internal consistency. The present study corroborates the fidelity and validity of PALMS-p as a motivation measure for the practice of PA in the Portuguese population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
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14 pages, 269 KiB  
Article
Examining the Most and Least Changeable Elements of the Social Representation of Giftedness
by Josué Pérez, Leire Aperribai, Lorea Cortabarría and Africa Borges
Sustainability 2020, 12(13), 5361; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12135361 - 02 Jul 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3153
Abstract
Giftedness and high abilities have been broadly defined and this fact has led to many problems related to the detection and educational response given to gifted or highly able pupils due to the stereotyped social representations of the concepts. However, the main misconceptions [...] Read more.
Giftedness and high abilities have been broadly defined and this fact has led to many problems related to the detection and educational response given to gifted or highly able pupils due to the stereotyped social representations of the concepts. However, the main misconceptions might be changed with the aim of solving the mentioned problems. For this purpose, the aims of this study are to explore the main misconceptions of giftedness and to identify which among them seem to be most and least changeable. A questionnaire with the most extended myths and stereotypes about giftedness was applied in a sample of 824 participants. The items’ analyses were carried out by first studying item-test discrimination indices (test classical theory), and secondly, the a and b parameters of items (item response theory). The results show that there are items that would be easily changeable (9 items) and others less malleable (4 items). Therefore, it might be concluded that the social representation of giftedness would have peripheral elements that could be changed, while there would be less malleable central elements. Thus, different strategies to foster the change of the social representation of giftedness should be considered, which will have social and educational implications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
16 pages, 384 KiB  
Article
University Mentoring Programmes for Gifted High School Students: Satisfaction of Workshops
by Alba Ibáñez García, Teresa Gallego Álvarez, Mª Dolores García Román, Verónica M. Guillén Martín, Diego Tomé Merchán and Serafina Castro Zamudio
Sustainability 2020, 12(13), 5282; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12135282 - 30 Jun 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3165
Abstract
This paper analyses the degree of participant (mentees, mentors, and technical-research team) satisfaction with two university mentoring programmes for pre-university students with high intellectual capacities in Spain. Three versions of a Likert-type scale questionnaire were applied (mentees, mentors, and technical-research team), resulting in [...] Read more.
This paper analyses the degree of participant (mentees, mentors, and technical-research team) satisfaction with two university mentoring programmes for pre-university students with high intellectual capacities in Spain. Three versions of a Likert-type scale questionnaire were applied (mentees, mentors, and technical-research team), resulting in a total sample of 43 questionnaires from mentors, 314 from mentees, and 43 from the technical-research team in 43 workshops offered by the GuíaMe-AC-UMA Programme; and 27 questionnaires from mentors, 203 from mentees, and 27 from the technical-research team in the 27 workshops offered by the Amentúrate Programme. The results indicate a high level of satisfaction with the development of the workshops offered by both programmes, on the part of all participants. No significant differences were found in terms of thematic area or gender, although there were differences in age. The participation of the three agents involved in this training offer was very successful, and our results supported the findings of previous investigations. More work is required on the transfer and maintenance of the impact that this type of programme can have on young pre-university students with high abilities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
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12 pages, 445 KiB  
Article
Cognitive Functioning, Physical Fitness, and Game Performance in a Sample of Adolescent Soccer Players
by Alejandro Sabarit, Rafael E. Reigal, Juan P. Morillo-Baro, Rocío Juárez-Ruiz de Mier, Auxiliadora Franquelo, Antonio Hernández-Mendo, Coral Falcó and Verónica Morales-Sánchez
Sustainability 2020, 12(13), 5245; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12135245 - 28 Jun 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3223
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between cognitive functioning, physical fitness, and game performance in a sample of adolescent soccer players. Eighty-five boys from a soccer team in Rincon de la Victoria (Malaga, Spain), aged between 12 and 16 [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between cognitive functioning, physical fitness, and game performance in a sample of adolescent soccer players. Eighty-five boys from a soccer team in Rincon de la Victoria (Malaga, Spain), aged between 12 and 16 years, participated in the study. The D2 and Global-Local Attention (GLA) tests were used to evaluate selective and divided attention, respectively, and the Coding and Symbol Search tests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) were used for processing speed. To analyze physical fitness, the standing long jump test, speed test, and Course-Navette test of the Alpha-Fitness battery were used. Finally, the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI) was used to analyze sports performance in three vs. three small-sided games. The analyses showed that cognitive functioning was related to game performance. The results obtained suggest the importance of cognitive functions for performance in this sport. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
16 pages, 284 KiB  
Article
Conceptual Framework for the Research on Quality of Life
by José Rodrigues, Carla Chicau Borrego, Paula Ruivo, Pedro Sobreiro, David Catela, José Amendoeira and Rui Matos
Sustainability 2020, 12(12), 4911; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12124911 - 16 Jun 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5476
Abstract
The article presents the reference framework for multidisciplinary research at the Life Quality Research Centre (LQRC). The research paradigm about the citizens’ quality of life in society imposes a multifaceted and complex analysis. At the LQRC we address this as thematically divided into [...] Read more.
The article presents the reference framework for multidisciplinary research at the Life Quality Research Centre (LQRC). The research paradigm about the citizens’ quality of life in society imposes a multifaceted and complex analysis. At the LQRC we address this as thematically divided into six scientific areas: education and training; physical activity and healthy lifestyles; food production and technology on food behaviors; organizational dynamics; motor behavior; and individual and community health. These areas are clearly related to the concept of quality of life. They fit the goals and dynamics of the research center. In each section, the authors develop the themes of research projects and the challenges that characterize research in the area of quality of life. It is clear that there is an agreement and understanding that ensures that quality of life research is on the agenda of the world organizations related to scientific research and human development. This is a real challenge for scientific research centers, since multidisciplinary paradigms are the foundation of our collective organization, and the evolution of research on quality of life could fulfil current needs and lead to the improvement of citizen lives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
12 pages, 1580 KiB  
Article
Measurement of Executive Functioning and High Intellectual Ability in Childhood: A Comparative Meta-Analysis
by Lourdes Viana-Sáenz, Sylvia Sastre-Riba, Maria Luz Urraca-Martínez and Juan Botella
Sustainability 2020, 12(11), 4796; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12114796 - 11 Jun 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3203
Abstract
From a neuroconstructivist approach and a developmental model of high intellectual ability (HIA), it is argued that the management of intellectual resources through executive functioning (EF) is one of the factors influencing the expression of high potential. The main objective is to determine [...] Read more.
From a neuroconstructivist approach and a developmental model of high intellectual ability (HIA), it is argued that the management of intellectual resources through executive functioning (EF) is one of the factors influencing the expression of high potential. The main objective is to determine the effectiveness of measures of executive functioning used comparing schoolchildren with HIA and those of average intelligence. A meta-analysis was carried out on a selection of 17 studies for a total sample of 1518 children with either HIA or an average level of intelligence. Pooled estimates of effect size revealed a significant difference favoring the HIA individuals in the two components of EF related with WM verbal (d = 1.015), and WM visual-spatial (d = 0.709). Other components did not show significant differences: inhibition (d = −0.014), flexibility (d = 0.068), and planification (d = −0.038). The empirical heterogeneity was very high. It is concluded that these instruments show a degree of measurement impurity, which condition their validity and reliability, and that schoolchildren with HIA display better executive functioning in the components of verbal and visual-spatial working memory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
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21 pages, 1336 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Effects of Grouping High Capacity Students in Academic Achievement and Creativity
by Dolores Valadez, Julián Betancourt, Juan Francisco Flores Bravo, Elena Rodríguez-Naveiras and Africa Borges
Sustainability 2020, 12(11), 4513; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12114513 - 02 Jun 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3884
Abstract
The objective of this research was to determine the effect of grouping on the academic performance and creativity of 87 students from the Jalisco educational center for high abilities (CEPAC). Gains in academic performance and creativity due to grouping were hypothesized to be [...] Read more.
The objective of this research was to determine the effect of grouping on the academic performance and creativity of 87 students from the Jalisco educational center for high abilities (CEPAC). Gains in academic performance and creativity due to grouping were hypothesized to be correlated with time spent at CEPAC. The Creative Imagination Test for Children (PIC-N) and for young people (PIC-J) were used, as well as the scores obtained in Spanish, mathematics and the general average at the entrance to the center at the end of the 2019 school year. The test was applied collectively to students when they joined the educational center, and after the end of the 2019 school year. In order to determine if there are improvements in academic scores after being included in CEPAC and to determine if there were changes in creativity, ANOVA split plot were carried out. To determine the relationship between school scores and creativity, Pearson correlations were performed. The results showed gains in academic performance and creativity when the permanence of students in the educational center is longer. It is concluded that grouping by ability produces gains in academic performance and in some components of creativity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
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9 pages, 256 KiB  
Article
Mexican Teachers’ Knowledge about Gifted Children: Relation to Teacher Teaching Experience and Training
by Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Escobedo, Angel Alberto Valdés-Cuervo, Guillermo Alfonso Contreras-Olivera, Fernanda Inéz García-Vázquez and María Fernanda Durón-Ramos
Sustainability 2020, 12(11), 4474; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12114474 - 01 Jun 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3558
Abstract
Gifted students are important for the development of knowledgeable societies. The present study examined Mexican elementary-school teachers’ knowledge about gifted students, specifically on screening criteria, educational strategies, and their social value. The relationships between teachers’ knowledge, teaching experience, and training in gifted education [...] Read more.
Gifted students are important for the development of knowledgeable societies. The present study examined Mexican elementary-school teachers’ knowledge about gifted students, specifically on screening criteria, educational strategies, and their social value. The relationships between teachers’ knowledge, teaching experience, and training in gifted education was analysed. A total of 1002 teachers (M age = 37.5, SD = 9.6 years old) from the 33 states of Mexico, 365 men and 510 females with 13.5 years of teaching experience, of whom 32% were trained in gifted education, completed an anonymous questionnaire. K-means cluster analysis revealed two clusters. Cluster 1 comprised teachers (61.2%) with poor knowledge, while Cluster 2 included teachers (38.8%) with basic knowledge and more teaching experience and training. Overall, the findings had implications for teachers’ training and educational policy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
25 pages, 719 KiB  
Article
Collective and Individual Sources of Women’s Creativity: Heroism and Psychological Types Involved in Enhancing the Talent of Emerging Leaders
by José V. Pestana and Nuria Codina
Sustainability 2020, 12(11), 4414; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12114414 - 28 May 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3172
Abstract
In heroism, leadership research has a myth that provides the basis for a deeper exploration of the characteristics of the unconscious (collective, personal) and consciousness of leaders—characteristics that can mobilize their followers. This contribution goes on to show that heroism can provide a [...] Read more.
In heroism, leadership research has a myth that provides the basis for a deeper exploration of the characteristics of the unconscious (collective, personal) and consciousness of leaders—characteristics that can mobilize their followers. This contribution goes on to show that heroism can provide a foundation that foments the creativity of women leaders—from a sustainable standpoint—with the purpose of jointly analyzing aspects of the collective unconscious (heroism), the personal unconscious (psychological typology), and consciousness (self-descriptions, values) in a sample of women emerging as leaders. The participants in the study were 34 students following a Master’s program oriented towards training future CEOs as leaders, aged between 22 and 38 years old (M = 27.22 years old; SD = 3.77). The instruments consisted of a story that each participant wrote about herself as the main heroine; the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI); the Twenty-Statement Test (TST); and a questionnaire on personal values. The main results show the common structure of the stories of personal heroism, as well as the characteristics (unconscious, conscious, personal, and collective) that can serve to foster the sustainable use of personal creativity. The research carried out provides knowledge that may be integrated into other perspectives of leadership analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
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13 pages, 302 KiB  
Article
Relationships between High Ability (Gifted) and Flow in Music Performers: Pilot Study Results
by Laura Moral-Bofill, Andrés López de la Llave and María Carmen Pérez-Llantada
Sustainability 2020, 12(10), 4289; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12104289 - 24 May 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3237
Abstract
Flow state is a positive mental state during which people are highly motivated and absorbed in their activity. This construct has been linked to the creative personality. Creative people differ from each other, but what they share is that they love what they [...] Read more.
Flow state is a positive mental state during which people are highly motivated and absorbed in their activity. This construct has been linked to the creative personality. Creative people differ from each other, but what they share is that they love what they do due to the pure pleasure they derive from their activity. We studied the possible relationship between people with high ability (HA) who dedicate themselves to music (students or professionals) and the flow state that occurs while they are engaged in musical activities (concert or informal event). The “Flow State for Musical Performers” (Estado de Fluidez para Intérpretes Musicales—EFIM) was used in this study. The scores of musicians with HA were compared with those of musicians who are not identified as HA. The study used a sample of 101 Spanish people (HA 28.7%, general population 71.3%). No significant statistical differences were identified in any of the EFIM subscales, except regarding the Loss of Self-Consciousness. This suggests a relationship between HA and the experience of flow, particularly with regard to loss of self-consciousness, but also with characteristics of the creative personality (capacity for enjoyment, attention and learning). Limitations of the study and future lines of research are presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
12 pages, 285 KiB  
Article
Creative Talent and Personality: A Primary Education Study
by Ana F. Hernández Ortiz, Olivia López-Martínez and Francisco J. Corbalán Berná
Sustainability 2020, 12(10), 4203; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12104203 - 20 May 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3215
Abstract
We hope to answer the following questions with this study: What are the most characteristic personality traits of students with creative talent? Are there personality traits that allow a subject to promote his or her creativity? Lastly, is there a relationship between these [...] Read more.
We hope to answer the following questions with this study: What are the most characteristic personality traits of students with creative talent? Are there personality traits that allow a subject to promote his or her creativity? Lastly, is there a relationship between these personality traits and a neurobiological basis for creativity? The results of this study should serve to identify and develop creative talents and to continue stimulating their divergent thinking. The BFQ-NA questionnaire, which evaluates five personality traits, and the CREA and PIC-N creativity tests, which measure creative intelligence and imagination, respectively, were administered to a sample of 244 students aged ten to twelve years old. The data from the statistical analysis indicate that Conscientiousness is the most predictive trait for creativity for CREA (B = 0.18, p < 0.001), as well as for PIC in terms of narrative creativity (B = 1.044, p < 0.001) and graphic creativity (B = 0.213, p = 0.003 and total B = 1.259, p < 0.001). Other statistically significant traits, albeit to a lesser degree than Conscientiousness, were Openness and Emotional Instability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
15 pages, 12938 KiB  
Article
Talent and Creativity of Taekwondoists Winners of the 2016 Summer Olympics
by Cristina Menescardi, Coral Falco, Antonio Hernández-Mendo and Verónica Morales-Sánchez
Sustainability 2020, 12(10), 4185; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12104185 - 20 May 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2451
Abstract
Athletic talent and creativity are important for winning bouts in combat sports. The aim of the current study is to analyze technical–tactical actions performed by athletes of the 2016 Summer Olympics according to the outcome (winners and losers) of a given bout. A [...] Read more.
Athletic talent and creativity are important for winning bouts in combat sports. The aim of the current study is to analyze technical–tactical actions performed by athletes of the 2016 Summer Olympics according to the outcome (winners and losers) of a given bout. A total of 2374 actions were analyzed. In this mixed-methods study, we used a nomothetic follow-up and multidimensional design. The results showed that winners scored one point through direct attacks to the chest. After scoring, athletes kicked with the back leg. In addition, they performed direct attacks prior to score one point, while cuts occurred after scoring. Three points were scored by spinning techniques and actions to the head, after which they kicked with the front leg. Cuts occurred prior to scoring three points, while direct attacks occurred after scoring. The creativity to score points emerged as a necessary characteristic of taekwondo athletes to win a bout. These results showed technical–tactical implications derived from the last modifications of the regulations of this sport, as well as the necessary adaptation of the athletes’ trainings in preparation for the next Olympic Games. It is suggested that coaches and psychologists train athletes in better decision-making and creative strategic planning in accordance with the successful patterns extracted in this study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Abilities, Talent and Creativity)
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