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Toward Sustainable Multifunctional Coatings
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Toward Sustainable Multifunctional Coatings

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (11 January 2022) | Viewed by 13555

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mariateresa Lettieri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CNR-SPIN (SuPerconducting and Other INnovative Materials and Devices Institute), 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
Interests: nanomaterials; multifunctional coatings; durability of polymers; construction materials; stone conservation; cultural heritage; eco-efficient materials for sustainable constructions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the last few years, the demand for cost‐effective and green solutions has strongly increased because of environmental concerns, energy-saving actions, health, and safety regulations. Great attention in several research fields has been devoted to the development of sustainable materials and processes. Products providing improved durability and requiring limited maintenance are also taken into great account. To this aim, multifunctional coatings have proved attractive materials for applications in many industries, such as automotive, aeronautical, textile, construction, biomedical, food packaging. The formulation of increasingly efficient coatings is an ongoing challenge for investigators from both academia and industry. The employed materials often derive from natural sources or waste by-products, thus combining excellent performances with sustainability. Although numerous promising applications have been already proposed, the optimization of mix design, the relationship between properties and actual performances, the mechanisms at the interface, and the effect of the substrate are still open questions.

This Special Issue aims to publish original research and review papers giving knowledge and insights into sustainable multifunctional coatings. The subjects of interest include but are not limited to:

  • Novel products and applications
  • Synthesis and manufacture
  • Processes for coating application
  • Characterization methodologies
  • Performance evaluation
  • Substrate influence
  • Durability assessment

Contributions focused on laboratory tests and investigations are welcome. The description of real applications and case studies will be also considered.

Dr. Mariateresa Lettieri
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • surface treatments
  • smart materials
  • nanocomposite coatings
  • green polymers
  • biomaterials
  • clean production
  • energy saving
  • waste recycling
  • packaging
  • surface characterization
  • durability
  • life-cycle assessment

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 8704 KiB  
Article
Durable Icephobic Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces (SLIPS) Using Flame- and Cold-Spraying
by Ruqaya Khammas and Heli Koivuluoto
Sustainability 2022, 14(14), 8422; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14148422 - 09 Jul 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1994
Abstract
Icing and ice accretion cause severe problems in different industrial sectors, e.g., in aircrafts, aviation traffic, ships, solar panels, and wind turbines. This can lead to enormous economic losses and serious safety issues. Surface engineering can tackle these problems by designing surface structures [...] Read more.
Icing and ice accretion cause severe problems in different industrial sectors, e.g., in aircrafts, aviation traffic, ships, solar panels, and wind turbines. This can lead to enormous economic losses and serious safety issues. Surface engineering can tackle these problems by designing surface structures to work as icephobic coatings and, this way, act as passive anti-icing solutions. In this research, slippery liquid-infused porous structures were fabricated using flame- and cold-spraying to produce polymer (LDPE and PEEK) coatings, and impregnated with a silicone lubricant. Microstructural details, surface properties, wetting behavior, and cyclic icing–deicing behavior were evaluated via ice adhesion measurements, which show the potential performance of SLIPS designs. All these SLIPS showed low or medium-low ice adhesion after the first icing-deicing cycle and the best candidate showed stable performance even after several icing-deicing cycles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Sustainable Multifunctional Coatings)
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16 pages, 3861 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Corrosion Resistance of a Layer-by-Layer Engineered Hybrid Coating on ZK60 Magnesium Alloy
by Mostafizur Rahman, Rajkamal Balu, Naba Kumar Dutta and Namita Roy Choudhury
Sustainability 2022, 14(4), 2459; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14042459 - 21 Feb 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1660
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are next generation biodegradable implants for clinical applications. However, their medical applications are currently hampered by their rapid corrosion rate in the physiological environment. To overcome such limitations, we have applied a novel layer-by-layer engineering approach of introducing anodization-induced microrough oxidized [...] Read more.
Magnesium alloys are next generation biodegradable implants for clinical applications. However, their medical applications are currently hampered by their rapid corrosion rate in the physiological environment. To overcome such limitations, we have applied a novel layer-by-layer engineering approach of introducing anodization-induced microrough oxidized surface on ZK60 magnesium alloy, followed by surface mineralization with natural calcium apatite (hydroxyapatite, HA), and surface coating with natural protein (silk fibroin, SF); which, effectively reduces corrosion and degradation rate of ZK60 in simulated body fluid. Anodization of ZK60 improved the surface adhesion strength of HA layer; HA layer increased the surface roughness, hydrophilicity and micro-hardness, whereas decreased ionic release; SF layer decreased surface microroughness and hydrophilicity, whereas improved the stability of HA layer. The SF + HA coating on anodized ZK60 effectively decreased the in vitro weight loss (degradation) by almost six times, whereas corrosion rate by more than two orders in magnitude. Such interfacial coatings, with biocompatible SF on the outer surface, could potentially expand the application of ZK60 in the field of biomedical engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Sustainable Multifunctional Coatings)
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24 pages, 9499 KiB  
Article
Multifunctional and Durable Coatings for Stone Protection Based on Gd-Doped Nanocomposites
by Marwa Ben Chobba, Maduka Lankani Weththimuni, Mouna Messaoud, Donatella Sacchi, Jamel Bouaziz, Filomena De Leo, Clara Urzi and Maurizio Licchelli
Sustainability 2021, 13(19), 11033; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su131911033 - 05 Oct 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 1802
Abstract
The development of nanocomposite materials with multifunctional protective features is an urgent need in many fields. However, few works have studied the durability of these materials. Even though TiO2 nanoparticles have been extensively applied for self-cleaning effect, it displays a weak activity [...] Read more.
The development of nanocomposite materials with multifunctional protective features is an urgent need in many fields. However, few works have studied the durability of these materials. Even though TiO2 nanoparticles have been extensively applied for self-cleaning effect, it displays a weak activity under visible light. Hence, in this study, pure and Gd-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (molar ratios of doping ions/Ti are 0.1 and 1) were synthesised, characterised, and then mixed with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), used as a binder, in order to produce a homogenised thin film on a very porous stone substrate. To our knowledge, Gd-doped TiO2/PDMS protective coatings are studied for the first time for application on historic structures. The protective coatings developed in this work are intended to reduce the surface wettability of the stone and protect the historic stones from dye pollution and microorganism colonisation. Moreover, in this study, the durability of the developed nanocomposite was deeply studied to evaluate the stability of the coatings. Results confirmed that samples treated with the lowest concentrations of Gd ions (0.1 mol%) showed acceptable chromatic variations, a good repellent feature, acceptable water vapour permeability, good durability, the highest self-cleaning activity, and good inhibitory behaviour against microbial colonisation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Sustainable Multifunctional Coatings)
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12 pages, 3303 KiB  
Article
Superhydrophobicity and Durability in Recyclable Polymers Coating
by Francesca Cirisano and Michele Ferrari
Sustainability 2021, 13(15), 8244; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13158244 - 23 Jul 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1970
Abstract
Highly hydrophobic and superhydrophobic materials obtained from recycled polymers represent an interesting challenge to recycle and reuse advanced performance materials after their first life. In this article, we present a simple and low-cost method to fabricate a superhydrophobic surface by employing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) [...] Read more.
Highly hydrophobic and superhydrophobic materials obtained from recycled polymers represent an interesting challenge to recycle and reuse advanced performance materials after their first life. In this article, we present a simple and low-cost method to fabricate a superhydrophobic surface by employing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) powder in polystyrene (PS) dispersion. With respect to the literature, the superhydrophobic surface (SHS) was prepared by utilizing a spray- coating technique at room temperature, a glass substrate without any further modification or thermal treatment, and which can be applied onto a large area and on to any type of material with some degree of fine control over the wettability properties. The prepared surface showed superhydrophobic behavior with a water contact angle (CA) of 170°; furthermore, the coating was characterized with different techniques, such as a 3D confocal profilometer, to measure the average roughness of the coating, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to characterize the surface morphology. In addition, the durability of SH coating was investigated by a long-water impact test (raining test), thermal treatment at high temperature, an abrasion test, and in acidic and alkaline environments. The present study may suggest an easy and scalable method to produce SHS PS/PTFE films that may find implementation in various fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Sustainable Multifunctional Coatings)
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Review

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15 pages, 3279 KiB  
Review
Tailoring Resonant Energy Transfer Processes for Sustainable and Bio-Inspired Sensing
by Vincenzo Caligiuri, Francesca Leone, Alfredo Pane, Olga Favale, Antonio De Luca and Ferdinanda Annesi
Sustainability 2022, 14(9), 5337; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14095337 - 28 Apr 2022
Viewed by 1462
Abstract
Dipole–Dipole interactions (DDI) constitute an effective mechanism by which two physical entities can interact with each other. DDI processes can occur in a resonance framework if the energies of the two dipoles are very close. In this case, an energy transfer can occur [...] Read more.
Dipole–Dipole interactions (DDI) constitute an effective mechanism by which two physical entities can interact with each other. DDI processes can occur in a resonance framework if the energies of the two dipoles are very close. In this case, an energy transfer can occur without the need to emit a photon, taking the name of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET). Given their large dependence on the distance and orientation between the two dipoles, as well as on the electromagnetic properties of the surrounding environment, DDIs are exceptional for sensing applications. There are two main ways to carry out FRET-based sensing: (i) enhancing or (ii) inhibiting it. Interaction with resonant environments such as plasmonic, optical cavities, and/or metamaterials promotes the former while acting on the distance between the FRET molecules favors the latter. In this review, we browse both the two ways, pointing the spotlight to the intrinsic interdisciplinarity these two sensing routes imply. We showcase FRET-based sensing mechanisms in a variety of contexts, from pH sensors to molecular structure measurements on a nano-metrical scale, with a particular accent on the central and still mostly overlooked role played between a nano-photonically structured environment and photoluminescent molecules. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Sustainable Multifunctional Coatings)
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20 pages, 4479 KiB  
Review
Sustainable Coatings on Metallic Alloys as a Nowadays Challenge
by Radu Nartita, Daniela Ionita and Ioana Demetrescu
Sustainability 2021, 13(18), 10217; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su131810217 - 13 Sep 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3405
Abstract
Starting with a description of the meaning of sustainable coating nowadays, this review presents a selection of methods for sustainable coatings manufacture using raw materials, saving energy and costs. This selection creates an introduction for the coatings performances of intensively investigated coated alloys [...] Read more.
Starting with a description of the meaning of sustainable coating nowadays, this review presents a selection of methods for sustainable coatings manufacture using raw materials, saving energy and costs. This selection creates an introduction for the coatings performances of intensively investigated coated alloys and their multifunctionality. There are many examples and EU recommendations to be discussed, and we especially chose to introduce sustainable coatings with both industrial and medical functions, such as bioinspired films and coatings on high-entropy alloys, biodegradable metallic alloys, etc. A special focus is on nanotechnology and nanomaterials in green procedures, enhancing coatings’ multifunctionality, introducing green corrosion inhibitors, smart additives, and coatings based on superhydrophobicity. The conclusions and future perspectives of sustainable and multifunctional coatings, as expressions of sustainable advanced materials, are based on important motivations of such studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Sustainable Multifunctional Coatings)
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