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Traffic Emissions and Urban Environmental Sustainability

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Urban and Rural Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 4654

Special Issue Editor

Laboratoire Chimie Environnement, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, 13331 Marseille, France
Interests: Air Quality, Atmospheric chemistry, Vehicle emissions, Primary Organic Aerosol (SOA), Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA), Organic aerosol, Chemical composition, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), Black Carbon, soot
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Urban air pollution has been recognized as one of the world’s largest single environmental health risk. Especially in big cities, where population is exposed to high levels of pollutants, atmospheric pollution may increase premature mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. One of the most important sources of urban air pollution is emissions from diesel and gasoline engines. These engines release particulate matter (PM) such as black carbon (BC), organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and gaseous pollutants such as O3, NOx, SO2, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere. In addition to the health effects, these emissions play an important role in the global climate change.

During the last few decades, the development of new technologies generally resulted in lower emissions, and thus, in significant improvements in air quality. However, even though there was a reduction in specific regulated species, there are still compounds either in the gas or the particulate phase that are released in high concentrations and can be quite toxic.

This Special Issue is devoted to improving our knowledge related to vehicle emissions. High-quality emission studies from any kind of vehicles such as passenger cars, trucks, buses, scooters, and trains are welcome. We are especially interested in emissions of new unexplored technologies, even if they are in an experimental stage. Both regulated and unregulated emission pollutants are anticipated.

Dr. Evangelia Kostenidou
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Vehicle emissions
  • Primary organic aerosol
  • Black carbon, soot
  • Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
  • Chemical composition

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2571 KiB  
Article
Gaseous and Particulate Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle and Effect of Driving Style and Open or Closed Sampling Configuration
by Barouch Giechaskiel
Sustainability 2020, 12(21), 9122; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12219122 - 02 Nov 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2388
Abstract
Air pollution remains a serious concern for European citizens. The relative contribution of mopeds and motorcycles to air pollution started to increase as the levels from other vehicles started to decrease. The information on emission levels of Euro 4 motorcycles is limited because [...] Read more.
Air pollution remains a serious concern for European citizens. The relative contribution of mopeds and motorcycles to air pollution started to increase as the levels from other vehicles started to decrease. The information on emission levels of Euro 4 motorcycles is limited because they were only recently introduced into the market (2016). In this study, the emissions of a 1 L Euro 4 motorcycle were determined with two drivers and two different sampling configurations (i.e., open or closed transfer tube to the dilution tunnel; both allowed in the current regulation). The motorcycle respected the current Euro 4 limits and even the future Euro 5 limits for most pollutants (CO 600 mg/km, NOx 48 mg/km, total hydrocarbons 60 mg/km). The particulate emissions, which are not regulated for this category of vehicles, were also very low and fulfilled the current limits of passenger cars (particulate mass < 0.5 mg/km, particle number 3 × 1011 p/km). The total particle emissions (i.e., including volatiles) were also low with the open configuration (6 × 1011 p/km). They increased more than one order of magnitude with the closed configuration due to desorption of deposited material from the transfer tube. For the gaseous pollutants, there was no significant difference between open or closed configuration (CO2 within 0.3%, rest pollutants 10%), but they were different between the two drivers (CO2 1.3%, rest pollutants 25%–50%). The main message from this work is that open and closed configurations are equivalent for gaseous pollutants but the open should be used when particles are measured. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Traffic Emissions and Urban Environmental Sustainability)
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12 pages, 1765 KiB  
Article
The Inventory of Pollutants Hazardous to the Health of Living Organisms, Emitted by Road Transport in Poland between 1990 and 2017
by Katarzyna Bebkiewicz, Zdzisław Chłopek, Jakub Lasocki, Krystian Szczepański and Magdalena Zimakowska-Laskowska
Sustainability 2020, 12(13), 5387; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su12135387 - 03 Jul 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1842
Abstract
The paper provides the results of the inventory of pollutants hazardous to the health of living organisms, emitted by road transport in Poland between 1990 and 2017. For estimating pollutant emissions from road transport, a standardized methodology was applied, consistent with the guidance [...] Read more.
The paper provides the results of the inventory of pollutants hazardous to the health of living organisms, emitted by road transport in Poland between 1990 and 2017. For estimating pollutant emissions from road transport, a standardized methodology was applied, consistent with the guidance of EEA/EMEP Emission Inventory Guidebook 2019 and the COPERT 5 software. The following substances were analyzed: carbon monoxide (CO), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter size fractions (total suspended particles—TSP, PM10, PM2.5). For the pollutants, emission values averaged over the distance travelled by the road fleet (average specific distance emission) were determined. The results obtained indicated that between 1990 and 2017 the annual pollutant emissions from road vehicles in Poland had an increasing trend concerning TSP (74%), PM10 (64%), PM2.5 (52%) and NOx (25%), while the corresponding emissions had a decreasing trend for CO (−117%) and NMVOC (−85%). However, a clear downward trend was found for the average specific distance emissions of all substances throughout the subsequent inventory years: TSP (−28%), PM10 (−100%), PM2.5 (−91%), NOx (−84%), CO (−208%) and NMVOC (−173%), which is due to the dynamic progress in the technological advancement of road vehicles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Traffic Emissions and Urban Environmental Sustainability)
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