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Symmetry
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Symmetry in Civil Engineering
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Symmetry in Civil Engineering

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Computer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 10963

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Elżbieta Szafranko

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Guest Editor
Department of Building Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Heweliusza 4, 10-724 Olsztyn, Poland
Interests: project management; multicriterial analysis; supporting decisions in construction; risk assessment in construction; project cost estimation; evaluation of investment efficiency; life cycle assessment (LCA)
Prof. Dr. Piotr E. Srokosz

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Guest Editor
Department of Building Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Heweliusza 4, 10-724 Olsztyn, Poland
Interests: computational modeling, finite element method, genetic algorithms, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems
Prof. Dr. Jana Korytarova

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
Interests: evaluation of investment efficiency; cost-benefit analysis; multicriterial analysis; risk management in construction; tendering and bidding in construction

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The foundation of all activities in the field of civil engineering are optimal decision-making, design, technological, and operational solutions. These optimal solutions are based on the results of scientific research: experimental, numerical, and analytical, which focus on solving difficult, but extremely important and current problems faced by today’s construction challenges. Achieving symmetry in the developed solution is the primary goal of these research activities; however, there are still many issues for which achieving symmetry is extremely difficult, even impossible. Articles on this subject are welcome, in which the developed solutions in civil engineering have reached the state of symmetry, but also in which the pursuit of symmetry is still at the research stage. Works on planning construction investments and assessing their impact on the environment, analysis of construction investment variants, problems related to the organization and implementation of construction investments, analysis of the risks associated with construction activities, as well as management of construction facilities are particularly welcome. Interesting works in the field of laboratory research, as well as analytical solutions with broadly understood symmetry issues in civil engineering, are also encouraged. The aim of this Special Issue is to provide a platform to explore the state-of-the-art knowledge and its practical implementation, innovations, and symmetry in the area of civil engineering.

Prof. Dr. Elżbieta Szafranko
Prof. Dr. Piotr E. Srokosz
Prof. Dr. Jana Korytarova
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • theoretical foundations of organization and implementation of construction investments
  • multicriteria analysis of construction investment variants
  • risk analysis in civil engineering
  • hybrid methods in optimization of construction issues
  • new trends in analytical and laboratory techniques in building engineering related to the applications of artificial intelligence
  • new ideas of solutions to technological and operational problems in building engineering
  • multifaceted analyzes of modern pro-ecological and pro-environmental solutions in energy-efficient buildings
  • technological and research innovations in the field of civil engineering in the aspect of climate change

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 7512 KiB  
Article
Study on Railway Subgrade Settlement induced by an Ultra-Large-Diameter Shield Tunnel Crossing under Railway Subgrade
by Ming Song, Jiguo Liu, Xuetao Wang, Hongjun Lou and Xingtao Lin
Symmetry 2023, 15(1), 75; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym15010075 - 27 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1791
Abstract
This paper presents a study on the influence of the construction of an ultralarge-diameter shield tunnel undercrossing the existing high-speed railway using the empirical method, numerical analysis method, and geotechnical centrifuge model experiment based on the Wuhan Lianghu Highway Tunnel project. The comparison [...] Read more.
This paper presents a study on the influence of the construction of an ultralarge-diameter shield tunnel undercrossing the existing high-speed railway using the empirical method, numerical analysis method, and geotechnical centrifuge model experiment based on the Wuhan Lianghu Highway Tunnel project. The comparison of the results obtained from the three methods shows first, that the results obtained from the centrifuge model experiment and numerical simulation match well with the results obtained from the empirical method for the worst-case scenario and the most likely scenario, which are consistent with the unfavorable geological and construction conditions modeled in the centrifuge test and the possible geological and construction conditions modeled in numerical simulation. Second, both the results obtained from the numerical method and the centrifuge model experiment show that the asymmetry of the settlement of railway subgrade was induced by a shield tunnel, while the asymmetry of railway subgrade settlement curve is gradually weakening with tunneling. Third, the maximum settlement of the railway subgrade could vary between 20 mm (in the most likely scenario) and 65 mm (in the worst scenario). Both the results from the centrifuge test and the numerical simulation show that the allowed value of maximum differential settlement along the railway subgrade (5 mm/10 m) would be exceeded when the tunnel excavation passes the first track at 10 m. It indicates that some mitigation measures should be taken for controlling the influence of the construction of a shield tunnel, especially when the shield tunnel machine is about underneath the pass railway subgrade. It is suggested that the shield machine should underpass the railway subgrade during the skylight period of railway operation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Civil Engineering)
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21 pages, 5464 KiB  
Article
Study of Temperature Field Distribution in Topographic Bias Tunnel Based on Monitoring Data
by Tao Zhang, Lei Nie, Min Zhang, Shulin Dai, Yan Xu, Chao Du, Xiangjian Rui, Yuanyuan He and Yuzheng Wang
Symmetry 2021, 13(8), 1492; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym13081492 - 13 Aug 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1696
Abstract
In recent decades, numerous tunnels have been built in the cold region of China. However, the temperature field of topographically biased tunnels in the monsoon freeze zone has not been sufficiently studied. In this study, we monitored the temperature of the surrounding rock [...] Read more.
In recent decades, numerous tunnels have been built in the cold region of China. However, the temperature field of topographically biased tunnels in the monsoon freeze zone has not been sufficiently studied. In this study, we monitored the temperature of the surrounding rock in two topographic bias sections of the Huitougou Tunnel and analyzed the results by fitting them to the monitoring results. The results showed that the temperature of the surrounding rock on both sides after tunnel excavation varied periodically in an approximate triangular function. As the distance from the cave wall increased, the annual average temperature of the surrounding rock did not change significantly, the amplitude decreased, and the delay time increased, while the annual maximum temperature decreased, and the annual minimum temperature increased. The heat generated by blasting, the heat of hydration of the primary and secondary lining, and the decorated concrete all caused a significant increase in the temperature of the surrounding rock within 4 m for a short period of time. Both construction and topographic factors led to asymmetry in the distribution of the surrounding rock temperature in different ways. The results of this paper are intended as a reference for other studies on temperature in deviated tunnels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Civil Engineering)
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21 pages, 10128 KiB  
Article
Optimization Model for the Pavement Pothole Repair Problem Considering Consumable Resources
by Shu-Shun Liu, Agung Budiwirawan, Muhammad Faizal Ardhiansyah Arifin, Wei Tong Chen and Ying-Hua Huang
Symmetry 2021, 13(3), 364; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym13030364 - 24 Feb 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2597
Abstract
When heavy rain strikes Taiwan, it always results in cracks in road pavement, and damages arising from potholes. Tremendously compromising road safety, road users may have fatal accidents caused by untimely repair actions. The road maintenance department needs to take the responsibilities for [...] Read more.
When heavy rain strikes Taiwan, it always results in cracks in road pavement, and damages arising from potholes. Tremendously compromising road safety, road users may have fatal accidents caused by untimely repair actions. The road maintenance department needs to take the responsibilities for road sections in the form of inspections and faces the decision about how to properly allocate available resources to repair pavement damages immediately. When performing pavement repair works, we need to consider the resource consumption behavior and explore the mechanism of replenishing resources and calculating the return time. Therefore, in order to help maintenance units to deal with consumable resource issues, this study proposes a novel approach to offer the mechanism of consumable resource calculation, which is difficult to solve through the traditional vehicle routing problem (VRP) approach. This proposed model treats the pothole repair problem as a resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP), which is capable of resolving such consumable resource considerations. The proposed model was developed by adopting constraint programming (CP) techniques. Research results showed that the proposed model is capable of providing the optimal decisions of pavement pothole repair tasks and also meets practical requirements to make appropriate adjustment, and helps the maintenance unit to shorten total repair duration and optimize resource assignment decisions of pavement maintenance objectives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Civil Engineering)
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14 pages, 566 KiB  
Article
Application of Game Theory against Nature in Supporting Bid Pricing in Construction
by Łukasz Rzepecki and Piotr Jaśkowski
Symmetry 2021, 13(1), 132; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym13010132 - 14 Jan 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3591
Abstract
The problem of setting prices for construction works is significant for both the investor and contractor companies. The periodically occurring instabilities in the economy require investment process participants to perform detailed market analyses and assessments, as well as to monitor price forecasts in [...] Read more.
The problem of setting prices for construction works is significant for both the investor and contractor companies. The periodically occurring instabilities in the economy require investment process participants to perform detailed market analyses and assessments, as well as to monitor price forecasts in construction. It is only after such an assessment that it is possible within the framework of the initial assumptions for cost calculation to select the basis for setting prices and their levels. The identification and analysis of the risks related to uncontrolled price increases allow contractors to secure their businesses by developing bids that ensure maximum profit. In view of the above, this study proposes an approach based on the use of game theory against nature to identify the optimal variant of a bid estimate. The study considers price forecasts for construction products, which may reduce the negative impact in case the prices increase. The obtained results confirmed the effectiveness of the used decision-making support methods, indicating the optimal strategy to reduce financial losses in times of market instability. The proposed approach also allows for a balance (symmetry) between maximum profit and probability of winning the contract. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Civil Engineering)
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