Symmetry, Dark Matter and the Characterisation of Its Properties

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 10123

Special Issue Editors

School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
Interests: Standard Model (QCD and EW interactions); supersymmetry; nonminimal Higgs models; higher order corrections; Monte Carlo event generators
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Uppsala, Box 516, S-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
Interests: beyond the Standard Model; Higgs; collider physics; cosmology connections; cosmic rays; neutrinos

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

One of the major issues in modern particle and astroparticle physics is the determination of the nature of dark matter. The existence of an unknown source of matter which affects the gravitational interactions of astrophysical objects at scales of galaxies or larger and which is also implied by the analysis of the spectrum of the cosmic microwave background is a problem that the Standard Model of particle physics does not address in its current state. Dark matter candidates can be detected and studied in different ways, ranging from cosmological observations, direct or indirect detection, or even by producing them at colliders, assuming such particles are within the reach of current or future machines. If experimental observations are made in any of these fields which could be interpreted as originating from a dark matter candidate, the determination of its properties, such as mass, spin and interactions, would not be straightforward, given its elusive nature. On the other hand, the possibility of characterising observations of signatures compatible with the existence of dark matter would point towards possible theoretical models which predict its existence and, possibly, exclude others. The possibility of characterising the properties of dark matter candidates is therefore one of the main goals for current and future searches. Pinpointing the nature of dark matter by combining the potentialities of colliders with results from direct and indirect detection experiments or cosmological observations is the focus of this issue. Attention is given to new and advanced statistical methods for data analysis and to the possibility to use machine learning techniques for the characterisation of new signals.

Prof. Dr. Stefano Moretti
Dr. Rikard Enberg
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • particle physics
  • beyond the Standard Model
  • dark matter properties

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

20 pages, 3724 KiB  
Review
Galactic Anomalies and Particle Dark Matter
by Malcolm Fairbairn
Symmetry 2022, 14(4), 812; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym14040812 - 14 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3785
Abstract
This is a brief review of aspects of galactic astrophysics and astronomy which have a possible bearing on particle dark matter. It is still quite normal for particle physicists to try to solve “well known anomalies“ that are apparently seen in observations of [...] Read more.
This is a brief review of aspects of galactic astrophysics and astronomy which have a possible bearing on particle dark matter. It is still quite normal for particle physicists to try to solve “well known anomalies“ that are apparently seen in observations of galaxies (missing satellites, cusp vs. core, etc.) whereas a lot of these anomalies have actually been resolved many years ago. We will try to briefly review the field and discuss many of the areas in question. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry, Dark Matter and the Characterisation of Its Properties)
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26 pages, 1102 KiB  
Review
Cold Particle Dark Matter
by Kimmo Tuominen
Symmetry 2021, 13(10), 1945; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym13101945 - 15 Oct 2021
Viewed by 1781
Abstract
Possible dark matter candidates in particle physics span a mass range extending over fifty orders of magnitude. In this review, we consider the range of masses from a few keV to a few hundred TeV, which is relevant for cold particle dark matter. [...] Read more.
Possible dark matter candidates in particle physics span a mass range extending over fifty orders of magnitude. In this review, we consider the range of masses from a few keV to a few hundred TeV, which is relevant for cold particle dark matter. We will consider models where dark matter arises as weakly coupled elementary fields and models where dark matter is a composite state bound by a new strong interaction. Different production mechanisms for dark matter in these models will be described. The landscape of direct and indirect searches for dark matter and some of the resulting constraints on models will be briefly discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry, Dark Matter and the Characterisation of Its Properties)
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38 pages, 2310 KiB  
Review
Status, Challenges and Directions in Indirect Dark Matter Searches
by Carlos Pérez de los Heros
Symmetry 2020, 12(10), 1648; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym12101648 - 08 Oct 2020
Cited by 45 | Viewed by 3729
Abstract
Indirect searches for dark matter are based on detecting an anomalous flux of photons, neutrinos or cosmic-rays produced in annihilations or decays of dark matter candidates gravitationally accumulated in heavy cosmological objects, like galaxies, the Sun or the Earth. Additionally, evidence for dark [...] Read more.
Indirect searches for dark matter are based on detecting an anomalous flux of photons, neutrinos or cosmic-rays produced in annihilations or decays of dark matter candidates gravitationally accumulated in heavy cosmological objects, like galaxies, the Sun or the Earth. Additionally, evidence for dark matter that can also be understood as indirect can be obtained from early universe probes, like fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background temperature, the primordial abundance of light elements or the Hydrogen 21-cm line. The techniques needed to detect these different signatures require very different types of detectors: Air shower arrays, gamma- and X-ray telescopes, neutrino telescopes, radio telescopes or particle detectors in balloons or satellites. While many of these detectors were not originally intended to search for dark matter, they have proven to be unique complementary tools for direct search efforts. In this review we summarize the current status of indirect searches for dark matter, mentioning also the challenges and limitations that these techniques encounter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry, Dark Matter and the Characterisation of Its Properties)
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