Emerging Marine and Freshwater Toxins and Climate Change: Current Situation, Future Risks

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change is driving the presence of emerging marine and freshwater toxins to new ecological niches, and it is changing the future prospects for current production areas and economic activities. It is not only an undetermined risk from an economic standpoint but also with regard to food safety and food security. Water warming is very quickly changing the ecology of many areas, in some cases, such as the Mediterranean Sea, at a scale far quicker than expected. Specific problems, like ciguatera dissemination, tetrodotoxin produced by bacteria in seafood and fish, cyclic imines, etc., require an analytical, ecological, and toxicological understanding to address them.

This Special Issue intends to bring some new data to understand the current situation and what to expect in the future. With regard to freshwater toxins, eutrophication is an additional concerning component of global warming, and the risk to potable and recreational water is clearly a matter of concern worldwide.

Prof. Dr. Luis M. Botana
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• ciguatoxins
• water warming
• ocean pH
• tetrodotoxin
• eutrophication
• cyclic imines
• freshwater toxins
• climate change
• ecological trends