Advanced Analytical Methodologies for the Determination of Mycotoxins in Food and Environmental Objects

A special issue of Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651). This special issue belongs to the section "Mycotoxins".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 4727

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products/Laboratory of Oenology, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation (HAO) - DEMETER, 14123 Likovrisi, Greece
Interests: wine sensory analyses; oenology; undesirable substances; organic production; antioxidants; mycotoxins; predictive mycology; food microbiology; physicochemical analyses; food science and technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
Interests: predictive food microbiology; predictive mycology; food fermentation; microbial ecology; rapid assessment of food spoilage using non-invasive approaches (FTIR, image analysis, e-nose)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several microscopic filamentous fungi, mainly Alternaria, Aspergillus, Claviceps, Fusarium, and Penicillium spp. Mycotoxin contamination even at low concentrations is an area of concern for producers, public health agencies, researchers, and consumers. Managing risks of food contaminants such as mycotoxins requires the application of accurate and sensitive analytical methodologies.

During the last year the new emerging analytical techniques and methods have been proposed to successfully detect and quantify mycotoxins.  Chromatographic techniques coupled with tandem and high-resolution mass spectrometry have been demonstrated as an especially powerful tool for the analysis of mycotoxins.

In addition, recent progress of the development of rapid immunoaffinity-based detection techniques such as immunoassays and biosensors, as well as emerging technologies like quantitative NMR and hyperspectral imaging for the detection of mycotoxins in foods, should not be overlooked. This special issue of Toxins  aims to bring together the most important recent developments and trends in mycotoxin determination.

Additional areas of interest for this Special Issue are the research studies dedicated to a new application of the wastewater analysis for assessing human exposure to mycotoxins by measuring specific biomarkers in raw wastewater. This promising scientific approach may improve our knowledge on exposure of human population to a wide range of mycotoxin.

Dr. Pantelis I. Natskoulis
Prof. Dr. Efstathios Z. Panagou
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • mycotoxin
  • food
  • contamination
  • analysis
  • mass spectrometry
  • biosensors
  • wastewater

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 1424 KiB  
Article
Design of a Diagnostic Immunoassay for Aflatoxin M1 Based on a Plant-Produced Antibody
by Cristina Capodicasa, Erica Bastiani, Thea Serra, Laura Anfossi and Marcello Catellani
Toxins 2022, 14(12), 851; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/toxins14120851 - 03 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1881
Abstract
A new green competitive ELISA for aflatoxin M1 quantification in raw milk was developed. This diagnostic tool is based on an anti AFM1 mAb produced by plant molecular farming in alternative to classical systems. Our assay, showing an IC50 below 25 ng/L, [...] Read more.
A new green competitive ELISA for aflatoxin M1 quantification in raw milk was developed. This diagnostic tool is based on an anti AFM1 mAb produced by plant molecular farming in alternative to classical systems. Our assay, showing an IC50 below 25 ng/L, fits with the requirements of EU legislation limits for AFM1 (50 ng/L). Optimal accuracy was achieved in correspondence of the decision levels (25 and 50 ng/L), and the assay enabled AFM1 quantification in the range 5–110 ng/L, with limit of detection 3 ng/L. Moreover, to evaluate a real applicability in diagnostics, raw milk-spiked samples were analysed, achieving satisfactory recovery rates of AFM1. In conclusion, an efficient and ready-to-use diagnostic assay for the quantification of aflatoxin M1 in milk, based on a plant-produced recombinant mAb, has been successfully developed. Full article
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13 pages, 1411 KiB  
Article
Simultaneous Determination of 15 Mycotoxins in Aquaculture Feed by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
by Beatriz Albero, María Luisa Fernández-Cruz and Rosa Ana Pérez
Toxins 2022, 14(5), 316; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/toxins14050316 - 28 Apr 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2037
Abstract
The use of plant-based fish feed may increase the risk of contamination by mycotoxins. The multiresidue analysis of mycotoxins in fish feed presents many difficulties due to the complexity of the matrix, the different characteristics of the compounds, and their presence in highly [...] Read more.
The use of plant-based fish feed may increase the risk of contamination by mycotoxins. The multiresidue analysis of mycotoxins in fish feed presents many difficulties due to the complexity of the matrix, the different characteristics of the compounds, and their presence in highly different concentration levels. The aim of this study was to develop a selective, sensitive, and efficient analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 15 mycotoxins (regulated and emerging mycotoxins) in aquaculture feed by LC-MS/MS. Sample extraction was performed with ultrasonic assistance, and different cleanup strategies were evaluated. The optimized method was composed by ultrasound-assisted extraction (two cycles, 55 °C, 20 min), followed by cleanup using a Captiva EMR Lipid cartridge. Then, nine commercial samples of aquaculture fish feed were analyzed. Eight of the 15 target mycotoxins were detected in the samples. Results showed that two enniatins (EENB and ENNB1), beauvericin, and fumonisin B2 were detected in all samples. These results show the multi-mycotoxin contamination of fish feed, highlighting the need to improve current knowledge on the occurrence and toxicity of mycotoxins in fish feed, mainly the emerging ones. Full article
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