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Universe
Special Issues
Current Sheets, Magnetic Reconnection and Particle Acceleration in Space Plasma
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Current Sheets, Magnetic Reconnection and Particle Acceleration in Space Plasma

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "Space Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 4482

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Olga V. Khabarova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Leading Researcher, Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism RAS (IZMIRAN), Department of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Kaluzskoe shosse 4, 108840 Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
Interests: space physics; space weather; solar wind; particle acceleration
Prof. Dr. Gregory D Fleishman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Distinguished Research Professor, Physics Department, Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102-1982, USA
Interests: solar physics; solar activity; coronal heating; particle acceleration

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue highlights physics of dynamical current sheets that are ubiquitous in space plasma. These are observed in the solar atmosphere as a continuation of neutral lines of the magnetic field in 2-D or magnetic separators in 3-D at various scales. In the heliosphere, current sheets can be formed as a result of turbulence, extend from the corona, and occur at strong discontinuities, especially within corotating interaction regions and sheaths of interplanetary coronal mass ejections. Current sheets experience magnetic reconnection that converts the magnetic energy into the kinetic energy of charged particles and plasma heating, leading to the excitation of wave processes and the formation of secondary current sheets and dynamical 3-D plasmoids/blobs/flux ropes, which are also observed as 2-D magnetic islands. Dynamical processes occurring at secondary current sheets and magnetic islands, in turn, may cause particle energization and re-acceleration of seed suprathermal particles via a wide range of mechanisms.

The collection of articles is partially based on contributions to the EGU session ”Dynamical processes and particle acceleration associated with current sheets, magnetic islands and turbulence-borne structures in space plasmas” (see https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU21/session/40147), and we welcome original papers and reviews from a wide community of space scientists. Contributions that discuss and compare different mechanisms of particle energization in laboratory plasmas, the solar corona, magnetospheres of planets and the heliosphere are especially appreciated.

Dr. Olga V. Khabarova
Prof. Dr. Gregory D Fleishman
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Current sheets
  • Flux ropes
  • Magnetic islands
  • Plasmoids
  • Blobs
  • Magnetic reconnection
  • Particle acceleration
  • Plasma heating
  • Plasma waves
  • Turbulence

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 2077 KiB  
Article
The Stationary Electric Field in the Heliosphere and Its Possible Relation to Current Sheets
by Roman A. Kislov
Universe 2022, 8(3), 152; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/universe8030152 - 28 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1667
Abstract
The nature of the large-scale electric field in the heliosphere is discussed in this paper. The electric potential along each line of the magnetic field should be constant in the ideally conductive solar wind. A high electric potential is supposed to be maintained [...] Read more.
The nature of the large-scale electric field in the heliosphere is discussed in this paper. The electric potential along each line of the magnetic field should be constant in the ideally conductive solar wind. A high electric potential is supposed to be maintained by the rapidly flowing solar wind far from the Sun and, near the Sun, by the unipolar effect caused by the rotation of the Sun. Meanwhile, there is a discrepancy between observations and theoretical concepts. The ratio of the observed electric field and that calculated from a model employing the unipolar effect at the Sun was obtained for the 1994–2008 Ulysses data. It was found that the unipolar effect is insufficient to maintain equipotentiality of magnetic field lines throughout the heliosphere, suggesting the existence of additional sources of the electric field at the Sun. Since the strong electric field is stably observed at high heliolatitudes, its previously unknown sources may be associated with polar conic current sheets and current sheets at the edges of coronal holes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Sheets, Magnetic Reconnection and Particle Acceleration in Space Plasma)
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12 pages, 2925 KiB  
Article
Characteristics of Plasma Dynamics in Current Sheets Formed in Helium Plasma
by Anna G. Frank, Natalya P. Kyrie, Sergey N. Satunin and Sergey A. Savinov
Universe 2021, 7(11), 400; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/universe7110400 - 23 Oct 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 974
Abstract
The characteristic features of plasma acceleration in the current sheets are discussed on the basis of an analysis of the structure of electrodynamic forces at successive stages of the evolution of the current sheets formed in the plasma with helium ions. Of particular [...] Read more.
The characteristic features of plasma acceleration in the current sheets are discussed on the basis of an analysis of the structure of electrodynamic forces at successive stages of the evolution of the current sheets formed in the plasma with helium ions. Of particular interest is the generation of reverse currents at the side edges of the sheet and the appearance of forces, which are braking previously accelerated plasma flows. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Sheets, Magnetic Reconnection and Particle Acceleration in Space Plasma)
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8 pages, 2591 KiB  
Communication
Excess of Sodium Ions Density Required to Create a Wide Current at the Hermean Magnetopause
by Elena Belenkaya, Ivan Pensionerov, Igor Alexeev and David Parunakian
Universe 2021, 7(10), 355; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/universe7100355 - 23 Sep 2021
Viewed by 1084
Abstract
In this paper we consider an unusual structure, twice observed at the magnetopause of Mercury, and called the “Double Magnetopause”. Presumably, it is associated with a current sheet created by Na+ ions. Two alternative scenarios are considered. The first one: Sodium ions [...] Read more.
In this paper we consider an unusual structure, twice observed at the magnetopause of Mercury, and called the “Double Magnetopause”. Presumably, it is associated with a current sheet created by Na+ ions. Two alternative scenarios are considered. The first one: Sodium ions prevail outside the Hermean magnetosphere. The second: Sodium ions predominate inside the magnetosphere of Mercury. These ions have been observed inside and outside the magnetosphere. We analyze what Na+ density excess can be sufficient for creation of a wide diamagnetic magnetopause current and on which side of the magnetopause this current is located. For each scenario, two directions of the north-south (Z) component of the solar wind magnetic field are considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Sheets, Magnetic Reconnection and Particle Acceleration in Space Plasma)
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