Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
5.5
3.4
Journals
Water
Special Issues
Advanced Technologies in Drinking Water Treatment, Algae and Disinfection By-Products...
share announcement

Advanced Technologies in Drinking Water Treatment, Algae and Disinfection By-Products Control

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Use and Scarcity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 11085

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Yulin Tang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: drinking water treatment; nanofiltration; algae control; disinfection byproducts; advanced oxidation technology; odor and taste control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Shiqing Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
Interests: drinking water treatment; water disinfection; disinfection byproducts; algae control; advanced oxidation process
Prof. Dr. Xiaoyan Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
Interests: drinking water treatment; disinfection byproducts; dechlorination; advanced oxidation technology; odor and taste

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The application of advanced water treatment processes has had a major impact on water quality. The most common treatment process for surface water supplies—conventional treatment—consists of coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. Safe drinking water requires a holistic approach that considers the source of water, the treatment processes, and the distribution system. Water distribution systems may suffer from problems such as taste and odors, enhanced chlorine demand, and disinfection byproducts in water distribution systems. In the case of toxic cyanobacteria, cell lysis after chemical treatment releases toxins, odor, and taste to the water. Some pre-treatments and moderate oxidation enhancing coagulation can be used without damaging cell membranes. Similar to sand filtration, biological activated carbon can be used as a modern water technology that can also form a biofilm and allow biodegradation of natural organic matter. Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis use a pore size that excludes low-molecular-weight compounds and have demonstrated efficiency in removing dissolved organic matter and disinfection byproduct precursors. This Special Issue is also devoted to the application of different advanced oxidation technologies in drinking water treatment, including ozone, UV light, and H2O2.

Prof. Yulin Tang
Prof. Dr. Shiqing Zhou
Prof. Dr. Xiaoyan Ma
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • drinking water treatment
  • advanced oxidation technology
  • algae control
  • nanofiltration
  • water disinfection disinfection byproducts
  • odor and taste control

Published Papers (4 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

14 pages, 2380 KiB  
Article
Detection and Stability of Cyanogen Bromide and Cyanogen Iodide in Drinking Water
by Fuyang Jiang, Yuefeng Xie, Kun Dong, Dunqiu Wang and Haixiang Li
Water 2022, 14(10), 1662; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w14101662 - 23 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1506
Abstract
This study systematically summarized the factors affecting the stability of CNXs, providing a reference for better control and elimination of CNXs. A method for the detection of CNBr and CNI in solution was established using a liquid–liquid extraction/gas chromatography/electron capture detector. Specifically, the [...] Read more.
This study systematically summarized the factors affecting the stability of CNXs, providing a reference for better control and elimination of CNXs. A method for the detection of CNBr and CNI in solution was established using a liquid–liquid extraction/gas chromatography/electron capture detector. Specifically, the method was used to investigate the stability of CNBr and CNI in drinking water, especially in the presence of chlorine and sulfite, and it showed good reproducibility (relative standard deviation <3.05%), high sensitivity (method detection limit <100 ng/L), and good recovery (91.49–107.24%). Degradation kinetic studies of cyanogen halides were conducted, and their degradation rate constants were detected for their hydrolysis, chlorination, and sulfite reduction. For hydrolysis, upon increasing pH from 9.0 to 11.0, the rate constants of CNCl, CNBr, and CNI changed from 8 to 155 × 10−5 s−1, 1.1 to 34.2 × 10−5 s−1, and 1.5 to 6.2 × 10−5 s−1, respectively. In the presence of 1.0 mg/L chlorine, upon increasing pH from 7.0 to 10.0, the rate constants of CNCl, CNBr, and CNI changed from 36 to 105 × 10−5 s−1, 15.8 to 49.0 × 10−5 s−1, and 1.2 to 24.2 × 10−5 s−1, respectively. In the presence of 3 μmol/L sulfite, CNBr and CNI degraded in two phases. In the first phase, they degraded very quickly after the addition of sulfite, whereas, in the second phase, they degraded slowly with rate constants similar to those for hydrolysis. Owing to the electron-withdrawing ability of halogen atoms and the nucleophilic ability of reactive groups such as OH− and ClO−, the rate constants of cyanogen halides increased with increasing pH, and they decreased in the order of CNCl > CNBr > CNI during hydrolysis and chlorination. The hydrolysis and chlorination results could be used to assess the stability of cyanogen halides in water storage and distribution systems. The sulfite reduction results indicate that quenching residual oxidants with excess sulfite could underestimate the levels of cyanogen halides, especially for CNBr and CNI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Drinking Water Treatment, Algae and Disinfection By-Products Control)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 8617 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Wastewater Quality and Flow Characteristics on H2S Emissions Generation: Statistical Correlations and an Artificial Neural Network Model
by Mohsina Sherief and Ashraf Aly Hassan
Water 2022, 14(5), 791; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w14050791 - 02 Mar 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3301
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a naturally occurring, highly toxic gas that is formed from the decomposition of sulfur compounds. H2S is a common source of concrete and metal corrosion that results in huge economic losses in wastewater collection and [...] Read more.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a naturally occurring, highly toxic gas that is formed from the decomposition of sulfur compounds. H2S is a common source of concrete and metal corrosion that results in huge economic losses in wastewater collection and treatment plants. Hence, it is necessary to analyze H2S generation and emission. H2S concentrations were measured at the Al-Saad wastewater treatment plant in the United Arab Emirates. Wastewater samples were collected, and water quality parameters were characterized in the laboratory. Simultaneously, flow characteristics, humidity, headspace airflow, and temperature were measured onsite. A neural network model to predict H2S emissions was formulated using significant parameters. It was observed that flowrate, velocity, sulfate, and total sulfur had a similar cyclic pattern throughout the sampling events. The temperature, humidity, total sulfur, and depth of wastewater were identified as the most important parameters influencing H2S emissions through correlation analysis. The neural model validation and testing had an R value of 0.9. The training had an R value of 0.8. The model provided an accuracy of 80% for the prediction of H2S concentration in wastewater treatment plants. The accuracy can be improved by increasing the data. The model is limited to its applicability in the prediction of H2S emissions under conditions similar to the inlet of a wastewater treatment plant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Drinking Water Treatment, Algae and Disinfection By-Products Control)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 1909 KiB  
Article
Degradation of Chloramphenicol Using UV-LED Based Advanced Oxidation Processes: Kinetics, Mechanisms, and Enhanced Formation of Disinfection By-Products
by Xinlu Qu, Haowei Wu, Tianyang Zhang, Qianhong Liu, Mu Wang, Mohamed Yateh and Yulin Tang
Water 2021, 13(21), 3035; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w13213035 - 29 Oct 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2631
Abstract
As an emerging light source, ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) are adopted to overcome the shortcomings of the conventional mercury lamp, such as mercury pollution. The degradation of chloramphenicol (CAP) using three UV-LED-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)—UV-LED/persulfate (UV-LED/PS), UV-LED/peroxymonosulfate (UV-LED/PMS) and UV-LED/chlorine—was investigated. [...] Read more.
As an emerging light source, ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) are adopted to overcome the shortcomings of the conventional mercury lamp, such as mercury pollution. The degradation of chloramphenicol (CAP) using three UV-LED-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)—UV-LED/persulfate (UV-LED/PS), UV-LED/peroxymonosulfate (UV-LED/PMS) and UV-LED/chlorine—was investigated. Results indicate that CAP can be more effectively degraded by the hybrid processes when compared to UV irradiation and oxidants alone. Degradation of CAP using the three UV-LED-based AOPs followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The degradation rate constants (kobs) for UV-LED/PS, UV-LED/PMS, and UV-LED/chlorine were 0.0522, 0.0437 and 0.0523 min−1, and the CAP removal rates 99%, 98.1% and 96.3%, respectively. The degradation rate constant (kobs) increased with increasing oxidant dosage for UV-LED/chlorine, whereas overdosing reduced CAP degradation using UV-LED/PS and UV-LED/PMS. Ultraviolet wavelength influenced degradation efficiency of the UV-LED based AOPs with maximum CAP degradation observed at a wavelength of 280 nm. The application of UV-LED enhanced the formation DBPs during subsequent chlorination. uUV-LED/PMS produced more disinfection by-products than UV-LED/PS. Compared to UV-LED, UV-LED/PS reduced the formation of dichloroacetonitrile and trichloronitromethane during chlorination owing to its capacity to degrade the nitro group in CAP. The intermediates dichloroacetamide, 4-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-nitrophenol were produced during the degradation of CAP using each of UV-LED, UV-LED/PS and UV-LED/chlorine. The present study provides further evidence supporting the application of UV-LED in AOPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Drinking Water Treatment, Algae and Disinfection By-Products Control)
►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

11 pages, 2265 KiB  
Article
Disinfection Kinetics of Free Chlorine, Monochloramines and Chlorine Dioxide on Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterium Inactivation in Drinking Water
by Yongji Zhang, Jie Qiu, Xianfang Xu and Lingling Zhou
Water 2021, 13(21), 3026; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w13213026 - 28 Oct 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3028
Abstract
With the widespread use of chloramines disinfection, nitrification has become a problem that cannot be ignored. In order to control nitrification in the drinking water distribution system (DWDS), the inactivation effect of free chlorine, monochloramine and chlorine dioxide on ammonia-oxidizing bacterium (AOB) was [...] Read more.
With the widespread use of chloramines disinfection, nitrification has become a problem that cannot be ignored. In order to control nitrification in the drinking water distribution system (DWDS), the inactivation effect of free chlorine, monochloramine and chlorine dioxide on ammonia-oxidizing bacterium (AOB) was studied under different temperature (8 °C, 26 °C and 35 °C) and pH (6.0, 7.0 and 8.7) conditions. The inactivation effect of Nitrosomonas europaea (a kind of AOB) by the three disinfectants increases with increasing temperature. As for the raised pH, the inactivation effect of free chlorine and monochloramine on AOB decreased, while that of chlorine dioxide increased. Last, but certainly not least, the experimental data of the disinfection were calculated to develop the N. europaea inactivation kinetic model, which was based on the first order Chick–Watson equation. The proposed model in this study took the two variables, pH and temperature, into consideration simultaneously, which were used to evaluate the average Ct value (multiplying the concentration of the residual disinfectant by the time of contact with N. europaea) required for different disinfectants when they produced the ideal inactivation effect on N. europaea. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Drinking Water Treatment, Algae and Disinfection By-Products Control)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-4
Back to TopTop