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Water Quality Control: Monitoring, Analysis and Treatment of Emerging Micropollutants

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A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 May 2020) | Viewed by 12430

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Kyung-Duk Zoh

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Guest Editor

Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Interests: monitoring of emerging contaminants; advanced oxidation process in water and wastewater; fate and behavior of emerging micropollutants in the environment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, there a growing body of research has emerged on the environmental micropollutants associated with water, wastewater, surface water, and groundwater. This Special Issue is dedicated to providing a platform for rich and thought-provoking scientific findings to share the latest scientific development and technical solutions in the areas of monitoring; analysis; and the treatment of emerging micropollutants including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, endocrine disrupters, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water. We would like to invite authors to submit original research and review articles focused on this area.Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

Recent trends and developments in the analysis method of emerging micropollutants in water;
The monitoring of emerging micropollutants in water, wastewater, surface water, and groundwater;
The fate and transport of emerging micropollutants in water environments;
Physical, chemical, and biological treatment technologies to remove emerging micropollutants in water;
Advanced treatment technologies to remove emerging micropollutants in water, including the advanced oxidation process.

Prof. Dr. Kyung-Duk Zoh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Micropollutant
Pharmaceuticals
Personal care products
Endocrine disrupters, Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
Antibiotic resistence
Mass spectrometry
Suspected and nontarget screening
Transformation products
Advanced oxidation process (AOPs)

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 1560 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Direct Mass Spectrometry with Online Headspace Sample Pretreatment for Continuous Water Quality Monitoring

by Sun-Hong Lee, Eun-Ji Shin, Kyung-Duk Zoh, Youn-Seok Kang and Jae-Won Choi

Water 2020, 12(7), 1843; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w12071843 - 27 Jun 2020

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2320

Abstract

This study investigates the use of selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry with an automated headspace pretreatment system for the continuous surveillance of water quality at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and rivers. The reaction rates of the target compounds introduced using the headspace method were similar to those of the mass scan library, with a margin of error of <10%. Novel quantitative formulae were derived for the water samples of the target compounds, and the linearity of the calibration curves for both the purified and effluent matrix (0.1–2.0 mg/L) showed a coefficient of determination of 0.98–0.99 for most compounds. The detection limit for 74% of the target substances was 0.02–0.10 mg/L, and the average recoveries were 111.6% and 104.7% for the low- and high-concentration spiked samples, respectively, which are comparable to those of the headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system. However, the variability in individual concentrations was still large, due to the unstable control of sample injection flow and pressure. Herein, 79% of the 28 compounds met one-tenth of the proposed method detection limit criteria for emergency operations in WWTP. Field experiments showed that the system was easy to maintain and could be used to monitor chemical accidents. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Quality Control: Monitoring, Analysis and Treatment of Emerging Micropollutants)

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12 pages, 2272 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Non-Parametric Regression Analysis of Diuron and Gabapentin Degradation in Lake Constance Water by Ozonation and Their Toxicity Assessment

by Anuradha Goswami, Jia-Qian Jiang and Michael Petri

Water 2019, 11(4), 852; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w11040852 - 23 Apr 2019

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3102

Abstract

Ozone possesses high selectivity in the oxidation of organic pollutants. It actively reacts with electron donating participants which contain π bonds and non-protonated amines groups. The removal efficiency of organic pollutants hugely depends upon the pollutants’ initial concentration and amount of ozone supplied. This study was conducted at Zweckverband Bodensee-Wasserversorgung (Lake Constance Water Supply), Germany. The prime objective of the research was to observe the performance of diuron and gabapentin ozonation for low ozone doses, therefore meeting the real application requirements of the water treatment plant. Thereby, 1 mg·L⁻¹ of the given organic pollutants was chosen for the treatment. The ozone with a dosage of ≈0.68–1.01 mg·L⁻¹ was generated and homogeneously mixed into Lake Constance water in a semi-batch reactor system. The adequate aliquots of diuron/gabapentin were spiked into the homogenous matrix to acquire the desired initial concentration. The effect of ozone dose and reaction time on the degradation of diuron and gabapentin was investigated. Low ozone doses were sufficient for the complete degradation of diuron and gabapentin, although satisfactory total organic carbon (TOC) reduction was not achieved. Nonetheless, the toxicity from ozone treated effluents can be avoided by adjusting treatment conditions. Due to that degradation data obtained did not follow normalization, the non-parametric (non-normalised) data were analysed with a generalised linear regression model for Gaussian and Poisson distribution. Statistical analysis showed that the ozonation treatment of diuron/gabapentin followed the Gaussian model distribution and the degradation data obtained was proven significant using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Quality Control: Monitoring, Analysis and Treatment of Emerging Micropollutants)

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Review

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21 pages, 1169 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Review on the Current Knowledge and Prospects for the Development of Improved Detection Methods for Soil-Transmitted Helminth Ova for the Safe Reuse of Wastewater and Mitigation of Public Health Risks

by Vivek B. Ravindran, Sarvesh K. Soni and Andrew S. Ball

Water 2019, 11(6), 1212; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w11061212 - 10 Jun 2019

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 6600

Abstract

Climate change, increase in population and scarcity of freshwater have led to a global demand for wastewater reuse in irrigation. However, wastewater has to be treated in order to minimize the presence of pathogens, in particular, the ova of soil-transmitted helminthes (STHs). Limiting the transmission via removal of STH ova, accurate assessment of risks and minimizing the exposure to the public have been recommended by health regulators. The World Health Organization (WHO) guideline specifies a limit of ≤1 ova/L for safe wastewater reuse. Additionally, the Australian Guidelines for Water recycling (AGWR) recommend a hydraulic retention time of over 25 days in a lagoon or stabilization pond to ensure a 4 log reduction value of helminth ova and to mitigate soil-transmitted helminths associated risks to humans. However, the lack of fast and sensitive methods for assessing the concentration of STH ova in wastewater poses a considerable challenge for an accurate risk assessment. Consequently, it has been difficult to control soil-transmitted helminthiasis despite effective mass drug administration. This limitation can be overcome with the advent of novel techniques for the detection of helminth ova. Therefore, this review presents an assessment of the current methods to detect the viable ova of soil-transmitted helminths in wastewater. Furthermore, the review focuses on the perspectives for the emerging state-of-the-art research and developments that have the potential to replace currently available conventional and polymerase chain reaction based methods and achieve the guidelines of the WHO in order to allow the safe reuse of wastewater for non-potable applications, thereby minimizing public health risks. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Quality Control: Monitoring, Analysis and Treatment of Emerging Micropollutants)

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