Infectious Disease Reports

724 KiB

Open AccessBrief Report

High prevalence of clustered tuberculosis cases in Peruvian migrants in Florence, Italy

by Lorenzo Zammarchi, Enrico Tortoli, Emanuele Borroni, Filippo Bartalesi, Marianne Strohmeyer, Simonetta Baretti, Maria Tullia Simonetti, Carola Liendo, Maria Grazia Santini, Gian Maria Rossolini, Eduardo Gotuzzo and Alessandro Bartoloni

Infect. Dis. Rep. 2014, 6(4), 5646; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.4081/idr.2014.5646 - 11 Dec 2014

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 423

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a leading cause of morbidity for Peruvian migrants in Florence, Italy, where they account for about 20% of yearly diagnosed cases. A retrospective study on cases notified in Peruvian residents in Florence in the period 2001-2010 was carried out and available [...] Read more.

Tuberculosis is a leading cause of morbidity for Peruvian migrants in Florence, Italy, where they account for about 20% of yearly diagnosed cases. A retrospective study on cases notified in Peruvian residents in Florence in the period 2001-2010 was carried out and available Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were genotyped (MIRU-VNTR-24 and Spoligotyping). One hundred thirty eight cases were retrieved. Genotyping performed in 87 strains revealed that 39 (44.8%) belonged to 12 clusters. Assuming that in each cluster the transmission of tuberculosis from the index case took place in Florence, a large proportion of cases could be preventable by improving early diagnosis of contagious cases and contact tracing. Full article

1151 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

A case of chronic progressive Lyme encephalitis as a manifestation of late Lyme neuroborreliosis

by Vivek Verma, Matthew Roman, Disha Shah, Marina Zaretskaya and Mohamed H. Yassin

Infect. Dis. Rep. 2014, 6(4), 5496; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.4081/idr.2014.5496 - 11 Dec 2014

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 529

Abstract

A 54-year-old female living in Europe presented with gait ataxia, dizziness, and bilateral hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed non-specific white matter changes. The patient’s condition gradually deteriorated over two years without diagnosis. The patient continued to decline cognitively and neurologically with [...] Read more.

A 54-year-old female living in Europe presented with gait ataxia, dizziness, and bilateral hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed non-specific white matter changes. The patient’s condition gradually deteriorated over two years without diagnosis. The patient continued to decline cognitively and neurologically with worsening ataxia and upper motor neuron signs. Repeat MRI showed worsening white matter changes. Lumbar puncture, not previously done, showed positive Lyme testing. Treatment with intravenous ceftriaxone resulted in marked neurological improvement. Four years after symptom, the patient has short-term memory deficits and chronic fatigue, but is otherwise neurologically, cognitively, and functionally intact. Follow up MRI findings remain largely unchanged. Because cases of intraparenchymal or encephalopathic neuroborreliosis in America are lacking, so are treatment options. We present a rare case and discuss our experience with antibiotic treatment. This case lends evidence to define optimal treatment of this disease, imperative for hastening neurological recovery. Full article

582 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Detection of hand, foot and mouth disease in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico

by Carlos Machain-Williams, Alma R. Dzul-Rosado, Aarón B. Yeh-Gorocica, Katia G. Rodriguez-Ruz, Henry Noh-Pech, Lourdes Talavera-Aguilar, Ma. Isabel Salazar, María Eugenia Castro-Mussot, Guadalupe Reyes-Solis, Julián E. Garcia-Rejon, Fernando I. Puerto-Manzano and Bradley J. Blitvich

Infect. Dis. Rep. 2014, 6(4), 5627; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.4081/idr.2014.5627 - 09 Dec 2014

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 661

Abstract

We report a case of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in a 5-year-old male from Merida City in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. A clinical and physical examination revealed that the patient had symptoms typical of HFMD, including fever, fatigue, odynophagia, throat [...] Read more.

We report a case of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in a 5-year-old male from Merida City in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. A clinical and physical examination revealed that the patient had symptoms typical of HFMD, including fever, fatigue, odynophagia, throat edema, hyperemia, lesions on the hands and feet, and blisters in the oral cavity. The patient fully recovered after a convalescence period of almost three weeks. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing revealed that the etiological agent was enterovirus 71 (EV71). The sequence has greatest (90.4%) nucleotide identity to the corresponding regions of EV71 isolates from the Netherlands and Singapore. Although HFMD is presumably common in Mexico, surprisingly there are no data in the PubMed database to support this. This case report provides the first peer-reviewed evidence of HFMD in Mexico. Full article

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Open AccessCase Report

Brucellosis associated with deep vein thrombosis

by Ilir Tolaj, Murat Mehmeti, Hamdi Ramadani, Jasmina Tolaj, Kreshnike Dedushi and Hajrullah Fejza

Infect. Dis. Rep. 2014, 6(4), 48-50; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.4081/idr.2014.5541 - 19 Nov 2014

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 325

Abstract

Over the past 10 years more than 700 cases of brucellosis have been reported in Kosovo, which is heavily oriented towards agriculture and animal husbandry. Here, brucellosis is still endemic and represents an uncontrolled public health problem. Human brucellosis may present with a [...] Read more.

Over the past 10 years more than 700 cases of brucellosis have been reported in Kosovo, which is heavily oriented towards agriculture and animal husbandry. Here, brucellosis is still endemic and represents an uncontrolled public health problem. Human brucellosis may present with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations; among them, vascular complications are uncommon. Hereby we describe the case of a 37-year-old male patient with brucellosis complicated by deep vein thrombosis on his left leg. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Extensive central nervous system cryptococcal disease presenting as immune reconstitution syndrome in a patient with advanced HIV: report of a case and review of management dilemmas and strategies

by Onyema Ogbuagu and Merceditas Villanueva

Infect. Dis. Rep. 2014, 6(4), 5576; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.4081/idr.2014.5576 - 19 Nov 2014

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 428

Abstract

One of the complications of the use of anti-retroviral therapy (ART), immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), is particularly problematic in the management of cryptococcal meningitis. We present the case of a 35- year-old male with acquired immune deficiency syndrome diagnosed with extensive central [...] Read more.

One of the complications of the use of anti-retroviral therapy (ART), immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), is particularly problematic in the management of cryptococcal meningitis. We present the case of a 35- year-old male with acquired immune deficiency syndrome diagnosed with extensive central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcal disease, including meningitis and multiple intracranial cysts, diagnosed eight weeks after the initiation of ART. The patient experienced a relapsing and remitting clinical course despite repeated courses of potent antifungal therapy and aggressive management of raised intracranial pressure. This review highlights therapeutic dilemmas and strategies in the management of CNS cryptococcosis complicated with IRIS and highlights gaps in available treatment guidelines. Full article

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Infect. Dis. Rep., Volume 6, Issue 4 (November 2014) – 5 articles

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