Influences of Curing Period and Sulfate Concentration on the Dynamic Properties and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Cement Soil
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Specimen Preparation and Test Plan
2.1. Test Materials
2.2. Specimen Preparation
2.3. Test Plan and Equipment
3. Analysis of Test Results
3.1. Dynamic Stress–Strain Curve
3.2. Dynamic Compressive Strength
3.3. Absorption Energy
3.4. Microstructural Characteristics
3.4.1. X-ray Physical Phase Analysis
3.4.2. Scanning Electron Microscope Analysis
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Natural Moisture Content (%) | Air-Dry Moisture Content (%) | Unit Weight (kN·m−3) | Liquid Limit (%) | Plastic Limit (%) | Plasticity Index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
20.69 | 3.01 | 19.34 | 45.51 | 27.38 | 18.13 |
Soundness | Initial Setting Time (min) | Final Setting Time (min) | Fineness (%) | Compressive Strength (MPa) | Flexural Strength (MPa) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 d | 28 d | 3 d | 28 d | ||||
Qualified | 130 | 215 | 1.2 | 26.6 | 54.8 | 5.2 | 8.3 |
Loss on Ignition (%) | Water Demand (%) | Bulk Density (g·cm−3) | Specific Density |
---|---|---|---|
7.50 | 87.50 | 0.90 | 1.96 |
Acid and Alkali Resistance | Density (g·cm−3) | Length (mm) | Diameter (μm) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Tensile Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) | Elongation at Break (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Extremely high | 2.70 | 6 | 17.40 | ≥2000 | ≥85 | ≥2.5 |
Curing Period (d) | Sulfate Concentration (g/L) | Dynamic Compressive Strength (MPa) |
---|---|---|
3 | 0 | 9.77 |
3 | 1.5 | 10.88 |
3 | 4.5 | 13.29 |
3 | 9.0 | 17.54 |
3 | 18.0 | 16.24 |
7 | 0 | 14.61 |
7 | 1.5 | 15.08 |
7 | 4.5 | 15.86 |
7 | 9.0 | 18.69 |
7 | 18.0 | 17.28 |
14 | 0 | 15.63 |
14 | 1.5 | 16.22 |
14 | 4.5 | 17.86 |
14 | 9.0 | 21.29 |
14 | 18.0 | 19.14 |
28 | 0 | 12.79 |
28 | 1.5 | 13.05 |
28 | 4.5 | 14.48 |
28 | 9.0 | 17.91 |
28 | 18.0 | 15.26 |
Mineral Composition | PDF Number | Diffraction Angles |
---|---|---|
Quartz (SiO2) | 46-1045 | 20.88, 26.62, 36.58, 39.55, 50.11, 68.39 |
Muscovite (Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4) | 07-0025 | 19.83 |
Calcium silicate hydrate (3CaO2SiO42H2O) | 12-0475 | 28.07, 60.14 |
Anhydrite (CaSO4) | 43-0606 | 29.59 |
Calcite (CaCO3) | 05-0586 | 29.46 |
Wollastonite (CaSiO3) | 27-0088 | 35.07 |
Ettringite (3CaO·Al2O3·3CaSO4·32H2O) | 41-1451 | 35.07, 36.91, 39.62 |
Albite (Na2O·Al2O3·6SiO2) | 09-0456 | 27.94 |
Anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) | 41-1481 | 28.07, 27.88 |
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Zhang, J.-S.; Xia, X.-G.; Ren, B. Influences of Curing Period and Sulfate Concentration on the Dynamic Properties and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Cement Soil. Crystals 2021, 11, 1291. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst11111291
Zhang J-S, Xia X-G, Ren B. Influences of Curing Period and Sulfate Concentration on the Dynamic Properties and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Cement Soil. Crystals. 2021; 11(11):1291. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst11111291
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Jing-Shuang, Xiang-Gang Xia, and Bin Ren. 2021. "Influences of Curing Period and Sulfate Concentration on the Dynamic Properties and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Cement Soil" Crystals 11, no. 11: 1291. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst11111291