Beryl Reference Materials for In Situ Oxygen Isotope Determination
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Samples
3. Methods
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Structural Study by Raman Spectroscopy
4.2. Chemical Composition
4.3. Oxygen Isotopes Using SIMS and IRMS
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Location | Color | Transparency | Weight/Gram |
---|---|---|---|---|
BS1 | Sichuan, China | Colorless to pale blue | Transparent | 15 |
BS2 | Norway | Light greenish-blue | Transparent | 15 |
BS3 | Hunan, China | Greenish-white | Semitransparent | 12 |
BS4 | Nigeria | Colorless | Transparent | 15 |
BS5 | Myanmar | Light pink | Transparent | 10 |
BS6 | Brazil | Light blue | Transparent | 10 |
EMPA | BS1 (n = 25) | BS2 (n = 25) | BS3 (n = 25) | BS4 (n = 25) | BS5 (n = 25) | BS6 (n = 25) | ||||||
wt.% | Mean | 1 SD | Mean | 1 SD | Mean | 1 SD | Mean | 1 SD | Mean | 1 SD | Mean | 1 SD |
SiO2 | 66.15 | 0.55 | 66.63 | 0.87 | 66.80 | 0.90 | 67.05 | 0.93 | 66.01 | 0.76 | 66.89 | 0.67 |
Al2O3 | 17.88 | 0.19 | 18.09 | 0.13 | 18.06 | 0.24 | 18.41 | 0.15 | 18.13 | 0.15 | 17.86 | 0.11 |
FeO | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.61 | 0.02 | 0.61 | 0.15 | 0.21 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.88 | 0.03 |
MgO | 0.11 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.14 | 0.12 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.02 |
CaO | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
BeOcal | 12.65 | 0.23 | 13.63 | 0.18 | 13.72 | 0.21 | 13.77 | 0.35 | 12.75 | 0.30 | 13.69 | 0.15 |
Li2Ocal | 0.66 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.59 | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.03 |
Na2O | 1.26 | 0.29 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.20 | 0.08 | 0.21 | 0.29 | 1.02 | 0.36 | 0.27 | 0.06 |
K2O | 0.03 | 0.01 | - | - | 0.01 | 0.01 | - | - | 0.04 | 0.01 | - | - |
Cs2O | 0.40 | 0.10 | 0.41 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.78 | 0.67 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Total | 99.33 | - | 99.72 | - | 99.75 | - | 99.82 | - | 99.35 | - | 99.88 | - |
Si | 6.00 | - | 6.00 | - | 6.00 | - | 6.00 | - | 6.00 | - | 6.00 | - |
Becal | 2.76 | - | 2.95 | - | 2.96 | - | 2.96 | - | 2.79 | - | 2.95 | - |
Lical | 0.24 | - | 0.05 | - | 0.04 | - | 0.04 | - | 0.21 | - | 0.05 | - |
sum | 3.00 | - | 3.00 | - | 3.00 | - | 3.00 | - | 3.00 | - | 3.00 | - |
Al | 1.91 | - | 1.92 | - | 1.91 | - | 1.94 | - | 1.94 | - | 1.89 | - |
Fe2+ | 0.01 | - | 0.05 | - | 0.05 | - | 0.02 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.07 | - |
Mn | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - |
Mg | 0.01 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.02 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.02 | - |
sum | 1.94 | - | 1.97 | - | 1.98 | - | 1.96 | - | 1.94 | - | 1.97 | - |
Ca | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - |
Na | 0.22 | - | 0.03 | - | 0.03 | - | 0.04 | - | 0.18 | - | 0.05 | - |
K | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - |
Cs | 0.02 | - | 0.02 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.03 | - | 0.00 | - |
sum | 0.24 | - | 0.05 | - | 0.04 | - | 0.04 | - | 0.21 | - | 0.05 | - |
Cs/Na | 0.07 | - | 0.49 | - | 0.16 | - | 0.04 | - | 0.21 | - | 0.01 | - |
Mg/Fe | 1.04 | - | 0.01 | - | 0.38 | - | 0.10 | - | / | - | 0.26 | - |
LA-ICP-MS | BS1 (n = 7) | BS2 (n = 7) | BS3 (n = 7) | BS4 (n = 7) | BS5 (n = 7) | BS6 (n = 10) | ||||||
μg/g | Mean | 1 SD | Mean | 1 SD | Mean | 1 SD | Mean | 1 SD | Mean | 1 SD | Mean | 1 SD |
Li | 3381 | 77 | 408 | 6 | 253 | 18 | 233 | 8 | 5095 | 68 | 87 | 5 |
Rb | 67 | 5 | 114 | 3 | 46 | 8 | 19 | 0.1 | 339 | 5 | 4 | 0.1 |
Cs | 3769 | 576 | 3653 | 88 | 1163 | 381 | 154 | 8 | 21,913 | 211 | 31 | 1 |
Fe | 1370 | 245 | 3983 | 144 | 5059 | 528 | 1417 | 34 | - | - | 5667 | 69 |
Mn | 72 | 9 | 72 | 2 | 105 | 20 | 84 | 2 | 19 | 1 | 126 | 5 |
Mg | 799 | 61 | 26 | 1 | 354 | 38 | 12 | 1 | - | - | 614 | 6 |
Ti | 197 | 8 | 219 | 7 | 218 | 3 | 218 | 4 | 193 | 2 | 219 | 3 |
K | 115 | 15 | - | - | 61 | 23 | - | - | 144 | 41 | - | - |
P | 94 | 5 | 128 | 10 | 122 | 7 | 121 | 7 | 112 | 7 | 120 | 5 |
Zn | 61 | 11 | 185 | 8 | 441 | 11 | 282 | 4 | 10 | 1 | 174 | 4 |
Ga | 24 | 3 | 31 | 1 | 25 | 1 | 11 | 0.1 | 13 | 1 | 19 | 0.1 |
V | 4 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.1 | - | - | 1.3 | 0.1 | - | - | 1.6 | 0.1 |
Sc | 2.2 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | - | - | 0.6 | 0.1 |
Sn | 2.1 | 0.6 | 323.0 | 30 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Cu | 1.4 | 0.1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Ta | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 14.2 | 0.7 | - | - |
Sr | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.5 | 0.4 |
Ge | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 8.4 | 0.5 | - | - |
Be | 45,478 | 282 | 51,460 | 531 | 51,998 | 315 | 51,514 | 508 | 43,967 | 543 | 51,566 | 355 |
Na | 11,844 | 294 | 1400 | 27 | 1581 | 115 | 1117 | 30 | 6901 | 131 | 2375 | 82 |
Methods | IRMS | SIMS/Standard: BS1 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time | 2021 | 2019-12-20 | 2021-7-20 | ||||||
Sample | Mean | 2 SD | n | Mean | 2 SD | n | Mean | 2 SD | n |
BS1 | 15.01 | 0.34 | 14 | 15.01 | 0.39 | 35 | 15.01 | 0.38 | 39 |
BS2 | 7.53 | 0.16 | 3 | 7.31 | 0.26 | 34 | 7.30 | 0.24 | 40 |
BS3 | 10.71 | 0.22 | 3 | 10.75 | 0.34 | 18 | 10.80 | 0.44 | 32 |
BS4 | 2.38 | 0.14 | 3 | 2.36 | 0.22 | 32 | 2.58 | 0.20 | 40 |
BS5 | 10.72 | 0.44 | 3 | 10.98 | 0.36 | 32 | 10.94 | 0.34 | 34 |
BS6 | 6.35 | 0.56 | 3 | 6.23 | 0.32 | 35 | 6.52 | 0.20 | 40 |
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Ling, X.; Li, Q.; Feng, L.; Zhang, D.; Liu, Y.; Tang, G.; Li, J.; Wu, S.; Huang, L.; Li, T.; et al. Beryl Reference Materials for In Situ Oxygen Isotope Determination. Crystals 2021, 11, 1322. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst11111322
Ling X, Li Q, Feng L, Zhang D, Liu Y, Tang G, Li J, Wu S, Huang L, Li T, et al. Beryl Reference Materials for In Situ Oxygen Isotope Determination. Crystals. 2021; 11(11):1322. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst11111322
Chicago/Turabian StyleLing, Xiaoxiao, Qiuli Li, Lianjun Feng, Di Zhang, Yu Liu, Guoqiang Tang, Jiao Li, Shitou Wu, Liangliang Huang, Tiejun Li, and et al. 2021. "Beryl Reference Materials for In Situ Oxygen Isotope Determination" Crystals 11, no. 11: 1322. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst11111322