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Article

Phase Transformations after Heat Treating an As-Cast Fe-30Mn-8.8Al-0.3Si-0.15C Steel

by
Victor M. Lopez-Hirata
1,*,
Eduardo Perez-Badillo
1,
Maribel Leticia Saucedo-Muñoz
1,
Felipe Hernandez-Santiago
1 and
Jose David Villegas-Cardenas
2
1
ESIQIE, Metallurgy and Materials, Zacatenco, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City 07300, Mexico
2
Engineering School, Materials Department, Coacalco, Universidad Politécnica del Valle de México, Tultitlan 54910, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Submission received: 30 May 2024 / Revised: 20 June 2024 / Accepted: 21 June 2024 / Published: 25 June 2024

Abstract

The phase transformations in an as-cast Fe-30Mn-8.8Al-0.3Si-0.15C steel were analyzed experimentally and numerically with a Calphad-based method during heat treatment. The nonequilibrium phases were determined using the Thermo-Calc Scheil module and the equilibrium phases with Themo-Calc based on the steel chemical composition. The precipitated phases were analyzed with TC-PRISMA using the chemical composition, nucleation site, and temperature among other factors. An ingot of this chemical composition was vacuum-melted using pure elements under an Ar gas atmosphere. As-cast steel specimens were annealed and solution-treated, quenched, and then aged at different temperatures. Heat-treated specimens were analyzed by different techniques. The results indicated that the microconstituents are the α and γ phases for the as-cast, homogenized, and quenched conditions. The main difference among these conditions is the distribution and size of the γ phase, which produced a change in hardness from 209 to 259 VHN. In contrast, the aging treatment at 750 °C caused a decrease in hardness from 492 to 306 VHN, which is attributable to the increase in volume fraction of the γ phase. On the other hand, the aging treatment at 550 °C promoted precipitation hardening from 259 to 649 VHN because of the κ precipitate formation. The calculated results for the different heat treatments with the Calphad-based method agreed well with the experimental ones. In addition, the intragranular precipitation of the κ phase could be simulated using the nucleation and growth and coarsening mechanisms based on a Calphad method.
Keywords: as-cast Fe-Mn-Al-Si-C steel; Calphad method; microstructure; heat treatment; mechanical properties as-cast Fe-Mn-Al-Si-C steel; Calphad method; microstructure; heat treatment; mechanical properties

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lopez-Hirata, V.M.; Perez-Badillo, E.; Saucedo-Muñoz, M.L.; Hernandez-Santiago, F.; Villegas-Cardenas, J.D. Phase Transformations after Heat Treating an As-Cast Fe-30Mn-8.8Al-0.3Si-0.15C Steel. Metals 2024, 14, 748. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met14070748

AMA Style

Lopez-Hirata VM, Perez-Badillo E, Saucedo-Muñoz ML, Hernandez-Santiago F, Villegas-Cardenas JD. Phase Transformations after Heat Treating an As-Cast Fe-30Mn-8.8Al-0.3Si-0.15C Steel. Metals. 2024; 14(7):748. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met14070748

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lopez-Hirata, Victor M., Eduardo Perez-Badillo, Maribel Leticia Saucedo-Muñoz, Felipe Hernandez-Santiago, and Jose David Villegas-Cardenas. 2024. "Phase Transformations after Heat Treating an As-Cast Fe-30Mn-8.8Al-0.3Si-0.15C Steel" Metals 14, no. 7: 748. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met14070748

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