Human Milk Oligosaccharide-Stimulated Bifidobacterium Species Contribute to Prevent Later Respiratory Tract Infections
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Clinical Trial
2.2. Stool Microbiota Composition, Metabolites and Gut Health Markers
2.3. In Vitro Fermentation Assay and Analysis
2.4. Machine Learning Algorithms and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Cohort Description
3.2. Several Microbiome and Host Features Relate to Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
3.3. Acetate Produced by HMO Stimulated Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Supports Epithelial Barrier Function
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Infant Characteristics | Cases with Bronchitis | Controls without Bronchitis | Cases with LRTI | Controls without LRTI | Cases vs. Controls Bronchitis p-Value | Cases vs. Controls LRTI p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 26) | (n = 80) | (n = 33) | (n = 70) | |||
Formula with HMOs (n, % yes) | 6 (23) | 44 (55) | 10 (30%) | 38 (54) | p = 0.006 | p = 0.033 |
Sex (n, % male) | 18 (69) | 38 (48) | 33 (52.4) | 29 (50.0) | ns | ns |
Gestational age, wk # | 39.3 ± 1.0 | 39.2 ± 1.1 | 39.2 ± 1.0 | 39.2 ± 1.1 | ns | ns |
Siblings (n, % yes) | 17 (65) | 49 (61) | 21 (64) | 42 (60) | ns | ns |
C-section (n, % yes) | 12 (46) | 29 (36) | 15 (45) | 24 (34) | ns | ns |
Weight at birth, kg # | 3.4 ± 0.32 | 3.4 ± 0.44 | 3.4 ± 0.33 | 3.4 ± 0.44 | ns | ns |
Length at birth, cm # | 50.2 ± 1.46 | 49.9 ± 1.85 | 50.2 ± 1.60 | 49.8 ± 1.79 | ns | ns |
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Dogra, S.K.; Martin, F.-P.; Donnicola, D.; Julita, M.; Berger, B.; Sprenger, N. Human Milk Oligosaccharide-Stimulated Bifidobacterium Species Contribute to Prevent Later Respiratory Tract Infections. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 1939. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms9091939
Dogra SK, Martin F-P, Donnicola D, Julita M, Berger B, Sprenger N. Human Milk Oligosaccharide-Stimulated Bifidobacterium Species Contribute to Prevent Later Respiratory Tract Infections. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(9):1939. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms9091939
Chicago/Turabian StyleDogra, Shaillay Kumar, Francois-Pierre Martin, Dominique Donnicola, Monique Julita, Bernard Berger, and Norbert Sprenger. 2021. "Human Milk Oligosaccharide-Stimulated Bifidobacterium Species Contribute to Prevent Later Respiratory Tract Infections" Microorganisms 9, no. 9: 1939. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms9091939