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Review

Bridging the Gap in Cancer Research: Sulfur Metabolism of Leukemic Cells with a Focus on L-Cysteine Metabolism and Hydrogen Sulfide-Producing Enzymes

1
Students’ Scientific Group of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 7 Kopernika St., 31-034 Krakow, Poland
2
Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 7 Kopernika St., 31-034 Krakow, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Submission received: 17 May 2024 / Revised: 12 June 2024 / Accepted: 19 June 2024 / Published: 24 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Medicine)

Abstract

Leukemias are cancers of the blood-forming system, representing a significant challenge in medical science. The development of leukemia cells involves substantial disturbances within the cellular machinery, offering hope in the search for effective selective treatments that could improve the 5-year survival rate. Consequently, the pathophysiological processes within leukemia cells are the focus of critical research. Enzymes such as cystathionine beta-synthase and sulfurtransferases like thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, and cystathionine gamma-lyase play a vital role in cellular sulfur metabolism. These enzymes are essential to maintaining cellular homeostasis, providing robust antioxidant defenses, and supporting cell division. Numerous studies have demonstrated that cancerous processes can alter the expression and activity of these enzymes, uncovering potential vulnerabilities or molecular targets for cancer therapy. Recent laboratory research has indicated that certain leukemia cell lines may exhibit significant changes in the expression patterns of these enzymes. Analysis of the scientific literature and online datasets has confirmed variations in sulfur enzyme function in specific leukemic cell lines compared to normal leukocytes. This comprehensive review collects and analyzes available information on sulfur enzymes in normal and leukemic cell lines, providing valuable insights and identifying new research pathways in this field.
Keywords: leukemia; leukocytes; L-cysteine; sulfurtransferases; cystathionine beta-synthase; antioxidants leukemia; leukocytes; L-cysteine; sulfurtransferases; cystathionine beta-synthase; antioxidants

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kaleta, K.; Janik, K.; Rydz, L.; Wróbel, M.; Jurkowska, H. Bridging the Gap in Cancer Research: Sulfur Metabolism of Leukemic Cells with a Focus on L-Cysteine Metabolism and Hydrogen Sulfide-Producing Enzymes. Biomolecules 2024, 14, 746. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biom14070746

AMA Style

Kaleta K, Janik K, Rydz L, Wróbel M, Jurkowska H. Bridging the Gap in Cancer Research: Sulfur Metabolism of Leukemic Cells with a Focus on L-Cysteine Metabolism and Hydrogen Sulfide-Producing Enzymes. Biomolecules. 2024; 14(7):746. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biom14070746

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kaleta, Konrad, Klaudia Janik, Leszek Rydz, Maria Wróbel, and Halina Jurkowska. 2024. "Bridging the Gap in Cancer Research: Sulfur Metabolism of Leukemic Cells with a Focus on L-Cysteine Metabolism and Hydrogen Sulfide-Producing Enzymes" Biomolecules 14, no. 7: 746. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biom14070746

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