Features of Ni-W Plating Film Obtained by the Jet-Flow System
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plating Conditions
2.2. Normal Plating and JET-Flow Plating
2.3. Evaluation of Plating Film
2.3.1. Alloy Composition Analysis
2.3.2. Current Density
2.3.3. Corrosion Resistance Test
2.3.4. Observation of Plating Film Surface and Cross Section
2.3.5. Number of Cracks in the Plating Film
2.3.6. The Internal Stress in the Normal Plating
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Alloy Composition Analysis
3.2. Thickening of the Plating Film
3.3. Current Efficiency in the Jet-Flow Plating
3.4. Relationship between Corrosion Resistance, Number of Cracks, and Stress
4. Conclusions
- In the normal plating, when 20 µm plating was performed in the current density range of 5 to 50 A·dm−2, film peeling occurred in all cases. On the other hand, the jet-flow plating did not cause film peeling, and a film formation of 50 µm was possible.
- When the corrosion resistance was tested in the range of 5 to 50 A·dm−2, the fine cracks were randomly generated at 20 A·dm−2, showing the excellent corrosion resistance.
- When the stress of normal plating was measured, it was all tensile stress. The higher the current density, the higher the stress. However, at 25 A·dm−2 and above, it decreases as the current density increased. This had a correlation with the number of the surface fine cracks in the film plated with 50 µm by the jet-flow plating. It was found that the higher the stress, the finer the cracks on the surface of the plating film, the larger the number, and the more randomly generated, which is a factor for improving the corrosion resistance.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Plating bath composition | Ni2SO4·6H2O | 0.4 mol·dm−3 |
NaWO4·2H2O | 0.4 mol·dm−3 | |
(NH4)3C6H5O | 0.8 mol·dm−3 | |
Operating condition | Substrate | Cu |
Plating area | 10 mm × 20 mm | |
pH | 6.0 | |
Temperature | 40 °C |
Current density (A·dm−2) | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 40 | 50 |
Corrosion level (-) | C | C | B | A | B | C | C | C |
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Tsuruta, Y.; Umeda, Y.; Honma, H.; Takai, O.; Tashiro, K. Features of Ni-W Plating Film Obtained by the Jet-Flow System. AppliedChem 2021, 1, 41-49. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/appliedchem1010004
Tsuruta Y, Umeda Y, Honma H, Takai O, Tashiro K. Features of Ni-W Plating Film Obtained by the Jet-Flow System. AppliedChem. 2021; 1(1):41-49. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/appliedchem1010004
Chicago/Turabian StyleTsuruta, Yuka, Yasushi Umeda, Hideo Honma, Osamu Takai, and Katsuhiko Tashiro. 2021. "Features of Ni-W Plating Film Obtained by the Jet-Flow System" AppliedChem 1, no. 1: 41-49. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/appliedchem1010004