Molecular Mechanisms in Demyelinating Disorders and Remyelination Strategies of the CNS

Dear Colleagues,

A demyelinating disease is a pathological condition of the nervous system that negatively affects the structures and functions of the lipid sheaths that surround axons, ultimately interfering with nerve conduction. These lipid sheaths are lamellar membrane extensions of oligodendrocytes (OLs) in the central nervous system (CNS) and the Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Myelinoclastic and leukodystrophic are the two categories into which demyelinating diseases have historically been divided. A typical, healthy myelin sheath is damaged in the first group as a result of a toxic, chemical, or autoimmune agent, while genetic-based aberrant myelin that is degenerated is present in the latter one, better known as dysmyelination.

Among the three main inflammatory-based CNS demyelinating diseases are multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). MS is the most prevalent one, affecting millions of people worldwide. Since the etiology of these diseases is still largely unknown, there is a need to establish new biomarkers and prioritize the development of experimental research, particularly at the molecular level. This is the second edition of a previous Special Issue, "Molecular Mechanisms in Demyelinating Disorders of the Central Nervous System", and we noted some remyelination strategies in this issue.

I hereby invite authors to submit original research, review articles, or commentaries on molecular mechanisms that shed light on to therapeutic strategies in demyelinating disorders and remyelination strategies of the CNS.

Dr. Paschalis Theotokis
Guest Editor

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• demyelination
• molecular mechanisms
• oligodendrocyte precursor cells
• myelinogenesis
• dysmyelination
• lipid metabolism
• microglia and macrophages
• experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
• biomarkers
• remyelination