Exogenous SA Affects Rice Seed Germination under Salt Stress by Regulating Na+/K+ Balance and Endogenous GAs and ABA Homeostasis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Exogenous SA Promoted the Germination of Rice Seeds under Salt Stress
2.2. Exogenous SA Maintained Ion Homeostasis in Rice Seeds under Salt Stress
2.3. Exogenous SA Promoted the Expression of OsHKTs under Salt Stress
2.4. Exogenous SA Increased the Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes and Promoted the Scavenging of ROS under Salt Stress
2.5. Exogenous SA Positively Regulated GAs and ABA Homeostasis under Salt Stress
2.6. Exogenous SA Regulated GA and ABA Metabolism under Salt Stress
2.7. Exogenous SA Alleviated the Inhibition of α-Amylase Activity by Salinity and Increased the Accumulation of Soluble Sugars
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials and Germination Treatments
4.2. Seed Germination Analysis
4.3. Determination of Na+ and K+ Content
4.4. Quantification of ROS Levels and Antioxidant Enzyme Assays
4.5. RNA Isolation, cDNA Synthesis, and Gene Expression Analysis
4.6. Quantification of GA1, GA4, and ABA in Rice Seeds
4.7. Quantitative Assay for α-Amylase Activity
4.8. Determination of Soluble Sugar Content in Rice Seeds
4.9. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene | Accession Numbers | Forward Primer (5′→3′) | Reverse Primer (5′→3′) |
---|---|---|---|
OsActin | LOC4333919 | GACTCTGGTGATGGTGTCAGC | GGCTGGAAGAGGACCTCAGG |
OsGA20ox1 | LOC4334841 | CCACTACTTCCGGCGATTCTTCCAGCG | GACGTGGTCCTGGTGGAGGATGGTG |
OsGA3ox2 | LOC4337968 | GGAGAGCAAGGCCGTGTATCAGG | CTCTCCTTGTCCTCTTCCTTCGCTAC |
OsGA2ox1 | LOC4337874 | TGACGATGATGACAGCGACAA | CCATAGGCATCGTCTGCAATT |
OsGA2ox3 | LOC4325145 | TGGTGGCCAACAGCCTAAAG | TGGTGCAATCCTCTGTGCTAAC |
OsNCED1 | LOC4330451 | CTGGAGCACATGGAGCTAGTGCACTCC | CCGACGCCGAAGTAGCCGTACCTG |
OsNCED3 | LOC4333566 | CCCCTCCCAAACCATCCAAACCGA | TGTGAGCATATCCTGGCGTCGTGA |
OsNCED5 | LOC9270250 | TCATTCCAAAACACCTTCCA | TCCGGGGACCTCCTATGTAT |
OsABA8′OH1 | LOC9269675 | AAGTACAGGTGGTCCACGTCCAA | CCAGCTTAGCTGATGCTAGTATTC |
OsABA8′OH2 | LOC4345810 | GACGAGGTGGAGTACAGCCCGTTC | GGACACATCAGCCACCATCAGCAGTAG |
OsABA8′OH3 | LOC4347261 | CAGTGTGGAAACAGATGGTTGC | CGGACTTCCCTTGAGGAAATAGA |
OsHKT1;1 | LOC9266695 | TTCACCACTCTTGCGGCTATG | TGTTTGTAGCCAGTCTCCCCAG |
OsHKT1;5 | LOC4327757 | CCACCTTTTCCTTTTCCATGC | GGTCTTCATCGGCAGAGCTTT |
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Liu, Z.; Ma, C.; Hou, L.; Wu, X.; Wang, D.; Zhang, L.; Liu, P. Exogenous SA Affects Rice Seed Germination under Salt Stress by Regulating Na+/K+ Balance and Endogenous GAs and ABA Homeostasis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 3293. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23063293
Liu Z, Ma C, Hou L, Wu X, Wang D, Zhang L, Liu P. Exogenous SA Affects Rice Seed Germination under Salt Stress by Regulating Na+/K+ Balance and Endogenous GAs and ABA Homeostasis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(6):3293. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23063293
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Zhiguo, Chunyang Ma, Lei Hou, Xiuzhe Wu, Dan Wang, Li Zhang, and Peng Liu. 2022. "Exogenous SA Affects Rice Seed Germination under Salt Stress by Regulating Na+/K+ Balance and Endogenous GAs and ABA Homeostasis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 6: 3293. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23063293