Message Source Credibility and E-Cigarette Harm Perceptions among Young Adults
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Study Design
2.3. Measures
2.3.1. Manipulation Check
2.3.2. Demographics
2.3.3. E-Cigarette Use
2.3.4. Perceived Source Credibility
2.3.5. Absolute E-Cigarette Harm Perceptions
2.3.6. E-Cigarette Use Intentions
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Participants
Participants and Measured Outcomes
3.2. Measured Outcomes and Model Descriptions
3.2.1. Associations of Message Source and Outcomes
3.2.2. Mediated Association of Message Source and Absolute Harm Perceptions
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
- Yes
- No
- Fair
- Accurate
- Told the whole story
- Could be trusted
- Do you think you will try an EVP or vape anytime during the next year? (1 = definitely not, 4 = definitely yes).
- If one of your best friends were to offer you an EVP or vape, would you use it? (1 = definitely not, 4 = definitely yes).
- Female
- Male
- Intersex
- Do not know
- Male
- Female
- Non-binary
- Prefer not to answer
- None of the above: _______________
- Black/African American
- Asian
- Native American or Alaska Native
- Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
- White/Caucasian
- Don’t know/Not sure
- Other
- Not Hispanic or Latino
- Hispanic or Latino
- Don’t know/Not sure
- Prefer not to answer
- Never attended school or only attended kindergarten
- Elementary to grade 11 (some high school)
- Grade 12 or GED (high school graduate)
- College—1 year to 3 years (some college)
- College—4 years or more (college graduate)
- Don’t know/not sure
- Prefer not to answer
- $0–$19,999
- $20,000–$39,999
- $40,000–$49,999
- $50,000 and above
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N (%) or Mean (SD) | |
---|---|
Race and ethnicity | |
Non-Hispanic White | 196 (64.9%) |
Other 2 | 106 (35.1%) |
Age (years) | 23.7 (3.53) |
Income 3 | |
$0-$19,999 | 143 (47.7%) |
>$20,000-$39,999 | 67 (22.3%) |
$40,000-$49,999 | 26 (8.7%) |
$50,000 and above | 64 (21.3%) |
Gender 4 | |
Male | 148 (49.3%) |
Female | 140 (46.7%) |
Other # | 12 (4.0%) |
Education 5 | |
Some high school or high school graduate | 55 (18.4%) |
Some college | 120 (40.1%) |
College graduate | 124 (41.5%) |
E-cigarette use 6 | |
Never use | 97 (32.1%) |
Ever use | 113 (37.4%) |
Current use | 92 (30.5%) |
b | p-Value | |
---|---|---|
Age | −0.02 | 0.29 |
Race and ethnicity | ||
Non-Hispanic White (ref) | ||
Other 1 | −0.03 | 0.87 |
Income 2 | ||
$0-$19,999 (ref) | ||
>$20,000-$39,999 | 0.35 | 0.02 |
Gender | ||
Male (ref) | ||
Female | 0.36 | 0.02 |
Non-Binary | −0.14 | 0.70 |
Education | ||
Some high school or high school graduate (ref) | ||
Some college | −0.12 | 0.44 |
College graduate | 0.32 | 0.03 |
E-cigarette use | ||
Never use (ref) | ||
Ever use | −0.17 | 0.25 |
Current use | −0.05 | 0.75 |
b | p-Value | |
---|---|---|
Age | 0.003 | 0.87 |
Race and ethnicity | ||
Non-Hispanic White (ref) | ||
Other 1 | −0.22 | 0.09 |
Income 2 | ||
$0-$19,999 (ref) | ||
>$20,000-$39,999 | −0.12 | 0.34 |
Gender | ||
Male (ref) | ||
Female | 0.32 | 0.01 |
Non-Binary | −0.03 | 0.92 |
Education | ||
Some high school or high school graduate (ref) | ||
Some college | 0.08 | 0.55 |
College graduate | −0.22 | 0.08 |
E-cigarette use | ||
Never use (ref) | ||
Ever use | −0.33 | 0.01 |
Current use | 1.64 | <0.001 |
b | p-Value | |
---|---|---|
Age | −0.04 | 0.02 |
Race and ethnicity | ||
Non-Hispanic White (ref) | ||
Other 1 | −0.05 | 0.67 |
Income 2 | ||
$0-$19,999 (ref) | ||
>$20,000-$39,999 | 0.23 | 0.04 |
Gender | ||
Male (ref) | ||
Female | 0.57 | <0.001 |
Non-Binary | −0.04 | 0.87 |
Education | ||
Some high school or high school graduate (ref) | ||
Some college | −0.17 | 0.13 |
College graduate | 0.17 | 0.11 |
E-cigarette use | ||
Never use (ref) | ||
Ever use | −0.16 | 0.15 |
Current use | −0.45 | <0.001 |
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Lee, D.N.; Stevens, E.M. Message Source Credibility and E-Cigarette Harm Perceptions among Young Adults. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 9123. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19159123
Lee DN, Stevens EM. Message Source Credibility and E-Cigarette Harm Perceptions among Young Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(15):9123. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19159123
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Donghee N., and Elise M. Stevens. 2022. "Message Source Credibility and E-Cigarette Harm Perceptions among Young Adults" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15: 9123. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19159123