Low Carbon Economic Dispatch Optimization of Regional Integrated Energy Systems Considering Heating Network and P2G
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- (1)
- Construct the heating network and P2G models. The heating network model is composed of: the Sukhov cooling formula, the velocity of the heat medium in the pipe, and the interactive heat power of the pipe network. The P2G model is divided into the chemical reaction process and a mathematical model.
- (2)
- Determine the carbon trading mechanism, constructing the objective function from: the minimum sum of system operating costs, plus the cooling, electricity and heat balance equations, and the known constraints in each piece of equipment in the system.
- (3)
- Analyze the influence of P2G, the heating network and the carbon trading mechanism on system operation. The results demonstrate that the model of the heating network, P2G and carbon trading mechanism can elevate the economic and environmental benefits of the system.
2. Heating Network Model
2.1. The Ordinary Model of Heat Energy Transmission in the Network
2.2. Network Heat Loss Equation
3. P2G Model
3.1. Chemical Process Analysis of P2G
3.2. Mathematical Model of P2G
4. Carbon Trading Mechanism
4.1. Carbon Emission Quota
4.2. Carbon Transaction Cost
5. Optimization Model and Constraint Conditions
5.1. Objective Function
5.2. Constraint Condition
- (1)
- The cold power equilibrium is shown by (20).
- (2)
- The thermal power equilibrium is shown by (21).
- (3)
- The electric power balance is shown by (22).
- (4)
- The steam bus balance is given by (23).
- (5)
- The thermoelectric balance of natural gas turbines is given by (24).
- (6)
- The gas turbine constraint is given by (25) and (26).
- (7)
- The electrical and thermal power constraints of other equipment are given by (27).
- (8)
- The interactive pow constraint with the power grid is given by (28).
5.3. Solution Method
6. Case Study
6.1. Load and System Parameters
6.2. The Setup of the Simulation
6.2.1. Comparison of Four Models
- Analysis of economic benefits of heat network
- 2.
- Analysis of P2G economic benefit
- 3.
- Economic benefit analysis of P2G and heating network combined operation
6.2.2. Benefit Analysis of the Carbon Trading Mechanism
6.2.3. Analysis of the Influence of P2G on the Consumption Rate of Renewable Energy
7. Conclusions
- (1)
- The RIES are connected through the heat network, which realizes the coordinated use of heat energy in each park, reduces the consumption of electrical energy and gas, and the income from carbon trading is increased by 49.5%, thus achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.
- (2)
- Applying P2G technology to the optimal scheduling of RIES not only improves the economy of system operation, but also increases the wind energy consumption rate by 8.7%, thus easing the contradiction between the rapid development of renewable energy and the difficulty of consumption.
- (3)
- Compared with RIES without a carbon trading mechanism, the optimal scheduling model of RIES, based on the carbon trading mechanism proposed in this paper, reduces carbon emissions by 25.45% and the total system cost by 9.63%, thus improving the low carbon economy of the system operation.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Equipment Name | Symbol | Equipment Capacity/(kW) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Utility Area | Administration Area | Industrial Area | ||
Wind turbine | WT | 1300 | 3100 | 4800 |
Photovoltaic unit | PV | 1500 | 1700 | 4500 |
Storage battery | ES | 300 | 500 | 1500 |
Microturbine | MT | 1200 | 2500 | 15,000 |
Gas-fired boiler | GB | 1000 | 1500 | 4000 |
Electric refrigerator | EC | 200 | 500 | 1000 |
Absorption refrigerator | AC | 300 | 500 | 1000 |
Waste heat boiler | REC | 1000 | 1500 | 3000 |
Waste heat recovery device | HE | 10,000 | 20,000 | 30,000 |
Segment Range | Section Length/km | Diameter/m | Maximum Flowrate (km/s) | Thermal Resistance (km.°C/kW) | Power Consumption and Heat Transfer Ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1–2 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.25 | 0.0062 | 1.2 |
2–3 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.25 | 0.0059 | 1 |
3–1 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.25 | 0.0057 | 0.8 |
Parameters | Utility Area | Administration Area | Industrial Area |
---|---|---|---|
ηMT | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
αMT | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
ηREC | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.73 |
ηGB | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
ηEC | 4 | 4 | 4 |
ηAC | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
ηHE | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
Models | Gas Purchase Cost/Yuan | Operation Cost of RIES/Yuan | Carbon Trading Income/Yuan | Cost/Yuan |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 38,737 | 86,942 | 8416 | 117,263 |
2 | 37,772 | 86,867 | 8416 | 116,223 |
3 | 27,874 | 98,978 | 12,651 | 114,201 |
4 | 26,795 | 99,013 | 12,651 | 113,157 |
Cases | CO2 Emissions/kg | Gas Purchase Cost/Yuan | Cost/Yuan |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 117,307 | 35,195 | 125,210 |
2 | 87,449 | 26,795 | 113,157 |
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Luo, Z.; Wang, J.; Xiao, N.; Yang, L.; Zhao, W.; Geng, J.; Lu, T.; Luo, M.; Dong, C. Low Carbon Economic Dispatch Optimization of Regional Integrated Energy Systems Considering Heating Network and P2G. Energies 2022, 15, 5494. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15155494
Luo Z, Wang J, Xiao N, Yang L, Zhao W, Geng J, Lu T, Luo M, Dong C. Low Carbon Economic Dispatch Optimization of Regional Integrated Energy Systems Considering Heating Network and P2G. Energies. 2022; 15(15):5494. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15155494
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuo, Zhao, Jinghui Wang, Ni Xiao, Linyan Yang, Weijie Zhao, Jialu Geng, Tao Lu, Mengshun Luo, and Chenming Dong. 2022. "Low Carbon Economic Dispatch Optimization of Regional Integrated Energy Systems Considering Heating Network and P2G" Energies 15, no. 15: 5494. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15155494