A Review on Chemical Vapour Deposition of Two-Dimensional MoS2 Flakes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. CVD Setup for Growth of MoS2
3. Substrates
4. Precursors for MoS2 Growth
5. Solid Precursors
5.1. Molybdenum
5.2. Sulfur
6. Liquid Precursors
6.1. Molybdenum
6.2. Sulfur
7. Gaseous Precursors
Sulfur
8. Safety aspects of Mo and S Precursors
9. The Use of Growth Promoters in MoS2 Synthesis
Seeding Promoter | Method | Substrate/Surface | Growth Temperature (°C) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Organic | ||||
PTAS | dispersed on different substrate | SiO2/Si | >600 | [85] |
PTAS | dispersed as solution on growth substrate | SiO2/Si, quartz, sapphire, TiO2 | 650–680 | [87,88,89] |
PTAS | solution drop-casted on oxone-treated surface | graphene | - | [54] |
PTAS | solution drop-casted on surface at 90 °C | SiO2/Si | 750 | [90] |
PTARG | solution drop-casted on surface at 90 °C | SiO2/Si | 750 | [90] |
F16CuPc | prior thermal evaporation on the growth substrate | SiO2/Si | 650 | [85] |
PTCDA | solution drop-casted on surface | SiO2/Si, sapphire | 650 | [91] |
PTCDA | solution dispersed on different substrate downstream | SiO2/Si | 750 | [92] |
rGO | hydrazine solution drop-casted on surface | SiO2/Si, sapphire | 650 | [91] |
CuPc | solution drop-casted on surface | SiO2/Si | 680 | [85,88] |
CV (crystal violet) | solution drop-casted on surface | SiO2/Si | 680 | [88,93] |
H2TPP (porphyrin) | thermal evaporation of thin film | SiO2/Si coated with carbon nanotubes | - | [94] |
p-THPP | fibres dipped in promoter solution | graphene oxide fibres | 650 | [95] |
Zn(II)-THPP | metalation of pTHPP promoter | graphene oxide fibres | 650 | [95] |
Inorganic | ||||
NaOH | added in liquid precursor solution | SiO2/Si | 780 | [96] |
NaCl | on substrate facing the growth substrate | SiO2/Si | 750 | [97] |
NaCl | mixed with solid Mo precursor | SiO2/Si, sapphire, Si, fused quartz, mica | 650 | [50] |
Alkali metal halides (NaCl, KI) | placed upstream to growth substrate | sapphire | 800 | [98] |
IIa metal chlorides (CaCl2, SrCl2) | spin-coating of solution on substrate | SiO2/Si, sapphire | 850 | [35] |
Gold | EBL-patterned arrays of Au nanoparticles | SiO2/Si | 650 | [62] |
Gold | drop-casting on colloidal Au nanoparticles | SiO2/Si | 785 | [63] |
9.1. Inorganic Solid State Promoters
9.2. Organic Promoters
9.3. Surface Treatments
10. Growth Mechanisms
11. Conclusions and Outlook
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Seravalli, L.; Bosi, M. A Review on Chemical Vapour Deposition of Two-Dimensional MoS2 Flakes. Materials 2021, 14, 7590. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14247590
Seravalli L, Bosi M. A Review on Chemical Vapour Deposition of Two-Dimensional MoS2 Flakes. Materials. 2021; 14(24):7590. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14247590
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeravalli, Luca, and Matteo Bosi. 2021. "A Review on Chemical Vapour Deposition of Two-Dimensional MoS2 Flakes" Materials 14, no. 24: 7590. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14247590