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Volume 16
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Re-Emergence of Rift Valley Fever Virus Lineage H in Senegal in 2022: In Vitro Characterization and Impact on its Global Emergence in West Africa

by
Ousseynou Sene
1,*,
Samba Niang Sagne
2,
Ndeye Sakha Bob
1,
Moundhir Mhamadi
3,
Idrissa Dieng
1,
Aboubacry Gaye
2,
Haoua Ba
1,
Moussa Dia
1,
Elisabeth Thérèse Faye
1,
Sokhna Mayemouna Diop
1,
Yoro Sall
4,
Boly Diop
4,
Mamadou Ndiaye
4,
Cheikh Loucoubar
2,
Etienne Simon-Lorière
5,
Anavaj Sakuntabhai
6,7,8,
Ousmane Faye
1,
Amadou Alpha Sall
1,
Diawo Diallo
9,
Ndongo Dia
1,
Oumar Faye
1,
Moussa Moise Diagne
1,
Malick Fall
10,
Marie Henriette Dior Ndione
1,
Mamadou Aliou Barry
2 and
Gamou Fall
1add Show full author list remove Hide full author list
1
WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Virology Department, Pasteur Institute, Dakar 12900, Senegal
2
Epidemiology, Clinical Research & Data Science, Pasteur Institute, Dakar 12900, Senegal
3
DIATROPIX, Pasteur Institute, Dakar 12900, Senegal
4
Ministry of Health, Dakar 10700, Senegal
5
G5 Evolutionary Genomics of RNA Viruses, Pasteur Institute, 75015 Paris, France
6
Functional Genetics of Infectious Disease Unit, Pasteur Institute, 75015 Paris, France
7
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR2000, Department of Global Health, 75015 Paris, France
8
International Vaccine Design Center (vDesC), the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
9
Zoology Department, Pasteur Institute, Dakar 12900, Senegal
10
Animal Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 10700, Senegal
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2024, 16(7), 1018; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/v16071018
Submission received: 31 March 2024 / Revised: 18 May 2024 / Accepted: 6 June 2024 / Published: 25 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mosquito-Borne Encephalitis Viruses)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a re-emerging vector-borne zoonosis with a high public health and veterinary impact. In West Africa, many lineages were previously detected, but since 2020, lineage H from South Africa has been the main cause of the outbreaks. In this study, clinical samples collected through national surveillance were screened for RVF virus (RVFV) acute infection by RT-PCR and IgM ELISA tests. Sequencing, genome mapping and in vitro phenotypic characterization in mammal cells were performed on RT-PCR positive samples in comparison with other epidemic lineages (G and C). Four RVFV human cases were detected in Senegal and the sequence analyses revealed that the strains belonged to lineage H. The in vitro kinetics and genome mapping showed different replication efficiency profiles for the tested RVFV lineages and non-conservative mutations, which were more common to lineage G or specific to lineage H. Our findings showed the re-emergence of lineage H in Senegal in 2022, its high viral replication efficiency in vitro and support the findings that genetic diversity affects viral replication. This study gives new insights into the biological properties of lineage H and calls for deeper studies to better assess its potential to cause a future threat in Senegal.
Keywords: Rift Valley fever; re-emergence; lineage H; in vitro characterization; Senegal; 2022 Rift Valley fever; re-emergence; lineage H; in vitro characterization; Senegal; 2022

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Sene, O.; Sagne, S.N.; Bob, N.S.; Mhamadi, M.; Dieng, I.; Gaye, A.; Ba, H.; Dia, M.; Faye, E.T.; Diop, S.M.; et al. Re-Emergence of Rift Valley Fever Virus Lineage H in Senegal in 2022: In Vitro Characterization and Impact on its Global Emergence in West Africa. Viruses 2024, 16, 1018. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/v16071018

AMA Style

Sene O, Sagne SN, Bob NS, Mhamadi M, Dieng I, Gaye A, Ba H, Dia M, Faye ET, Diop SM, et al. Re-Emergence of Rift Valley Fever Virus Lineage H in Senegal in 2022: In Vitro Characterization and Impact on its Global Emergence in West Africa. Viruses. 2024; 16(7):1018. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/v16071018

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sene, Ousseynou, Samba Niang Sagne, Ndeye Sakha Bob, Moundhir Mhamadi, Idrissa Dieng, Aboubacry Gaye, Haoua Ba, Moussa Dia, Elisabeth Thérèse Faye, Sokhna Mayemouna Diop, and et al. 2024. "Re-Emergence of Rift Valley Fever Virus Lineage H in Senegal in 2022: In Vitro Characterization and Impact on its Global Emergence in West Africa" Viruses 16, no. 7: 1018. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/v16071018

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