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Viruses
Volume 16
Issue 7
10.3390/v16071040
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Communication

Saliva Is a Sensitive and Accessible Sample Both for SARS-CoV-2 Detection and for the Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness in Follow-Up Studies

by
Eleonora Lalle
1,
Valentina Mazzotta
2,
Giuseppe Sberna
1,*,
Lavinia Fabeni
1,
Anna Rosa Garbuglia
1,
Ilaria Mastrorosa
2,
Alessandra D’Abramo
2,
Emanuele Nicastri
2,
Enrico Girardi
3,
Andrea Antinori
2,
Fabrizio Maggi
1 and
Licia Bordi
1
1
Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani—IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
2
Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani—IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
3
Scientific Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani—IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2024, 16(7), 1040; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/v16071040
Submission received: 23 May 2024 / Revised: 18 June 2024 / Accepted: 26 June 2024 / Published: 27 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Saliva in the Diagnosis of Viral Diseases)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Despite emerging evidence indicating that molecular SARS-CoV-2 tests performed on saliva have diagnostic sensitivity and specificity comparable to those observed with nasopharyngeal swabs (NPSs), most in vivo follow-up studies on the efficacy of drugs against SARS-CoV-2 have been performed on NPSs, not considering saliva as a possible alternative matrix. For this reason, in this study, we used, in parallel, saliva and NPS samples for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by real-time RT-PCR in patients receiving Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab, Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir, or Sotrovimab as a treatment against SARS-CoV-2. Our results showed a good correlation between the NPS and saliva samples for each drug; moreover, comparable changes in the cycle threshold (Ct) levels in saliva and NPSs were observed both 7 days and 30 days after treatment, thus confirming that the saliva represents a good matrix for in vivo follow-up studies verifying the effectiveness of treatments against SARS-CoV-2.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; molecular assay; saliva; COVID-19 diagnosis; monoclonal antibodies; antiviral therapy; follow-up studies SARS-CoV-2; molecular assay; saliva; COVID-19 diagnosis; monoclonal antibodies; antiviral therapy; follow-up studies

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lalle, E.; Mazzotta, V.; Sberna, G.; Fabeni, L.; Garbuglia, A.R.; Mastrorosa, I.; D’Abramo, A.; Nicastri, E.; Girardi, E.; Antinori, A.; et al. Saliva Is a Sensitive and Accessible Sample Both for SARS-CoV-2 Detection and for the Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness in Follow-Up Studies. Viruses 2024, 16, 1040. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/v16071040

AMA Style

Lalle E, Mazzotta V, Sberna G, Fabeni L, Garbuglia AR, Mastrorosa I, D’Abramo A, Nicastri E, Girardi E, Antinori A, et al. Saliva Is a Sensitive and Accessible Sample Both for SARS-CoV-2 Detection and for the Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness in Follow-Up Studies. Viruses. 2024; 16(7):1040. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/v16071040

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lalle, Eleonora, Valentina Mazzotta, Giuseppe Sberna, Lavinia Fabeni, Anna Rosa Garbuglia, Ilaria Mastrorosa, Alessandra D’Abramo, Emanuele Nicastri, Enrico Girardi, Andrea Antinori, and et al. 2024. "Saliva Is a Sensitive and Accessible Sample Both for SARS-CoV-2 Detection and for the Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness in Follow-Up Studies" Viruses 16, no. 7: 1040. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/v16071040

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