Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Evaluations for the Differentiation of Carbapenem-Resistant from Susceptible Enterobacteriaceae Strains
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Bacterial Isolates and Sample Preparation
2.2. Molecular Confirmatory Analysis of Bacterial-Resistance Determinants
2.3. NIR Spectroscopy
2.4. Data Pre-Processing
2.5. Model Development and Calibration
3. Results
3.1. Differentiation of E. coli and K. pneumoniae
3.2. Differentiation of Susceptible and Resistant K. pneumoniae Using NIRS
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Ethics Statement
References
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Species | Biological Samples | Replicates | Technical Replicates | Resistance Mechanism | blaNDM | blaOXA-48 | blaNDM + blaOXA-48 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
K. pneumoniae | 73 | 2 | 5 | 47 | 10 | 29 | 8 |
E. coli | 40 | 2 | 5 (total of 10 data points for each sample) | Not provided | - | - | - |
Classification Model | Accuracy% | Specificity% | Sensitivity% | p-Value | Total Sample Numbers (N) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
E. coli and K. pneumoniae differentiation | 89.04% | 84.74% | 92.75% | <0.0001 | 113 |
K. pneumoniae resistant vs. wild-type differentiation | 85% | 81% | 89% | <0.0001 | 73 |
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Alharbi, B.; Sikulu-Lord, M.; Lord, A.; Zowawi, H.M.; Trembizki, E. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Evaluations for the Differentiation of Carbapenem-Resistant from Susceptible Enterobacteriaceae Strains. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 736. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics10100736
Alharbi B, Sikulu-Lord M, Lord A, Zowawi HM, Trembizki E. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Evaluations for the Differentiation of Carbapenem-Resistant from Susceptible Enterobacteriaceae Strains. Diagnostics. 2020; 10(10):736. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics10100736
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlharbi, Bushra, Maggy Sikulu-Lord, Anton Lord, Hosam M. Zowawi, and Ella Trembizki. 2020. "Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Evaluations for the Differentiation of Carbapenem-Resistant from Susceptible Enterobacteriaceae Strains" Diagnostics 10, no. 10: 736. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics10100736