Prevalence and Novel Genotypes Identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Dairy Cattle in Yunnan Province, China
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Collection of Specimens
2.2. DNA Extraction and PCR Amplification
2.3. Statistical Analysis
2.4. Sequencing and Phylogeny
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Factors | Category | Number Tested | Number Positive | Prevalence (%) [95%CI] | Genotype | OR (95%, CI) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | Kunming | 248 | 2 | 0.81 [0.00–1.92] | I, J | 1.91 (0.17–21.21) | 0.856 |
Dali | 357 | 2 | 0.56 [0.00–1.33] | BEB4, YNDCEB-90 | 1.32 (0.12–14.68) | ||
Tengchong | 236 | 1 | 0.42 [0.00–1.25] | YNDCEB-174 | Reference | ||
Season | Summer | 599 | 4 | 0.67 [0.02–1.32] | I, J, YNDCEB-90, YNDCEB-174 | Reference | 0.535 |
Autumn | 96 | 1 | 1.04 [0.00–3.07] | BEB4 (1) | 1.56 (0.17–14.16) | ||
Winter | 146 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | ||
Variety | Holstein cows | 490 | 3 | 0.61 [0.00–1.30] | I, J, BEB4 | 1.07 (0.18–6.47) | 0.937 |
Dairy buffalo | 351 | 2 | 0.57 [0.00–1.36] | YNDCEB-90, YNDCEB-174 | Reference | ||
Breeding Mode | Captive | 702 | 3 | 0.43 [0.00–0.91] | I, J, BEB4 | Reference | 0.156 |
Free-ranging | 139 | 2 | 1.44 [0.00–3.42] | YNDCEB-90, YNDCEB-174 | 3.40 (0.56–20.55) | ||
Gender | Male | 90 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 0.438 |
Female | 751 | 5 | 0.67 [0.08–1.25] | I, J, BEB4, YNDCEB-90,YNDCEB-174 | - | ||
Age | Pre-weaned cattle (0–2 month) | 18 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 0.774 |
Post-weaned cattle (3–6 month) | 42 | 0 | 0 | - | - | ||
Growing cattle (7 months to 1.5 years) | 73 | 1 | 1.37 [0.00–4.04] | YNDCEB-90 | 2.44 (0.27–22.17) | ||
Adult cattle (>1.5 years) | 708 | 4 | 0.56 [0.01–1.12] | I, J, BEB4, YNDCEB-174 | Reference | ||
Total | 841 | 5 | 0.59 | I, J, BEB4, YNDCEB-90 YNDCEB-174 | - | - |
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Song, H.-Y.; Wang, K.-S.; Yang, J.-F.; Mao, H.-M.; Pu, L.-H.; Zou, Y.; Ma, J.; Zhu, X.-Q.; Zou, F.-C.; He, J.-J. Prevalence and Novel Genotypes Identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Dairy Cattle in Yunnan Province, China. Animals 2021, 11, 3014. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani11113014
Song H-Y, Wang K-S, Yang J-F, Mao H-M, Pu L-H, Zou Y, Ma J, Zhu X-Q, Zou F-C, He J-J. Prevalence and Novel Genotypes Identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Dairy Cattle in Yunnan Province, China. Animals. 2021; 11(11):3014. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani11113014
Chicago/Turabian StyleSong, Hai-Yang, Kai-Sheng Wang, Jian-Fa Yang, Hua-Ming Mao, Li-Hua Pu, Yang Zou, Jun Ma, Xing-Quan Zhu, Feng-Cai Zou, and Jun-Jun He. 2021. "Prevalence and Novel Genotypes Identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Dairy Cattle in Yunnan Province, China" Animals 11, no. 11: 3014. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani11113014