Mitochondrial and Oxidative Unbalance in Placentas from Mothers with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Population
2.2. Placental Collection and Molecular Analysis
2.3. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Levels
2.4. DNA Oxidative Damage
2.5. Gene Expression Analysis
- 4 genes related to antioxidant defenses—Catalase (CAT, assay ID: Hs00156308_m1), SuperOxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1, assay ID: Hs00533490_m1), Glutathione SynthetaSe (GSS, assay ID: Hs00609286_m1) and Glutathione ReductaSe (GSR, assay ID: Hs00167317_m1);
- 4 genes belonging to the respiratory chain subunits, within the inner membrane of mitochondria—NADH-dehydrogenase-1α subcomplex 9 (NDUFA9, complex I; assay ID: Hs00245308_m1), Succinate DeHydrogenAse complex subunit A (SDHA, complex II; assay ID: Hs00188166_m1), UbiQuinol-Cytochrome C Reductase core protein I (UQCRC1, complex III; assay ID: Hs00163415_m1) and Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit IV Isoform 1 (COX4I1, complex IV; assay ID: Hs00971639_m1);
- 3 genes related to the mitochondrial dynamics of fission and fusion—DyNaMin-1-Like Protein 1 (DNM1L, assay ID: Hs01552605_m1), mitochondrial FISsion 1 Protein (FIS1, assay ID: Hs00211420_m1) and mitochondrial dynamin-like GTPase (OPA1, assay ID: Hs01047013_m1).
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of the Population
3.2. Molecular Analyses
3.2.1. mtDNA and DNA Oxidative Damage
3.2.2. Expression of Genes Related to Oxidative Defenses
3.2.3. Expression of Genes Belonging to the Respiratory Chain Subunits
3.2.4. Expression of Genes Related to Mitochondrial Dynamics of Fusion and Fission
4. Discussion
Strengths and Limitations of the Study
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Controls (n = 16) | Asymptomatic COVID-19 (n = 12) | Symptomatic COVID-19 (n = 18) | |
---|---|---|---|
Pregestational BMI (Kg/m2) | 23.2 ± 3.4 | 23.8 ± 5.1 | 25.4 ± 4.5 |
Gestational weight gain (Kg) | 12.8 ± 3.5 | 13.2 ± 5.3 | 11.1 ± 4.1 |
Maternal age (years) | 32.9 ± 4.9 | 32.2 ± 3.8 | 31.8 ± 6.0 |
Maternal hematocrit | 33.7 ± 3.1 | 34.5 ± 2.4 | 33.9 ± 3.1 |
Maternal hemoglobin (mg/dL) | 11.4 ± 1.2 | 11.7 ± 1.0 | 11.4 ± 1.5 |
Maternal geographic origin (% Caucasian) | 69% | 80% | 63% |
Maternal smoking (n. of smokers) | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Mode of delivery (% CS) | 31% | 30% | 26% |
Gestational age (weeks) | 39.9 ± 1.1 | 39.1 ± 1.4 | 38.9 ± 1.4 |
Birth weight (g) | 3487 ± 298 | 3257 ± 416 | 3239 ± 395 |
Birth weight (Z-score) | 0.24 ± 0.81 | −0.05 ± 1.15 | 0.015 ± 1.17 |
Fetal sex (% males) | 50.0% | 30.0% | 47.4% |
UA pH | 7.30 ± 0.09 | 7.36 ± 0.08 | 7.32 ± 0.08 |
Asymptomatic COVID-19 (n = 12) | Symptomatic COVID-19 (n = 18) | |
---|---|---|
Antepartum therapy | ||
Antiviral (%) | 8% | 44% |
Oxygen support (%) | 0% | 22% |
Days between a positive NPS and delivery (mean ± SD) | 1.5 ± 3.4 | 5.4 ± 9.6 |
Vital signs | ||
Fever ≥ 37 °C (%) | 0% | 44% |
Respiratory rate ≥ 20 (%) | 8% | 39% |
Heart rate ≥ 100 bpm (%) | 0% | 22% |
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Mandò, C.; Savasi, V.M.; Anelli, G.M.; Corti, S.; Serati, A.; Lisso, F.; Tasca, C.; Novielli, C.; Cetin, I. Mitochondrial and Oxidative Unbalance in Placentas from Mothers with SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1517. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10101517
Mandò C, Savasi VM, Anelli GM, Corti S, Serati A, Lisso F, Tasca C, Novielli C, Cetin I. Mitochondrial and Oxidative Unbalance in Placentas from Mothers with SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Antioxidants. 2021; 10(10):1517. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10101517
Chicago/Turabian StyleMandò, Chiara, Valeria M. Savasi, Gaia M. Anelli, Silvia Corti, Anaïs Serati, Fabrizia Lisso, Chiara Tasca, Chiara Novielli, and Irene Cetin. 2021. "Mitochondrial and Oxidative Unbalance in Placentas from Mothers with SARS-CoV-2 Infection" Antioxidants 10, no. 10: 1517. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10101517