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Geriatrics
Volume 9
Issue 4
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Geriatrics, Volume 9, Issue 4 (August 2024) – 4 articles

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14 pages, 781 KiB  
Article
Can We Steer Nursing Home Residents Away from Loneliness? A Qualitative Study of Cycling without Age
by Sara Kruse Lange, Maiken Hauge Stig, Martin Eghøj and Christina Bjørk Petersen
Geriatrics 2024, 9(4), 88; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geriatrics9040088 (registering DOI) - 25 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Background: Loneliness among nursing home residents is an increasing public health issue and consists of a combination of social, emotional, and existential loneliness. Cycling Without Age (CWA) involves taking nursing home residents on trishaw rides pedaled by trained volunteer ‘pilots’. This study aims [...] Read more.
Background: Loneliness among nursing home residents is an increasing public health issue and consists of a combination of social, emotional, and existential loneliness. Cycling Without Age (CWA) involves taking nursing home residents on trishaw rides pedaled by trained volunteer ‘pilots’. This study aims to explore nursing home residents’ lived experiences of CWA and whether participation in CWA can mitigate experiences of loneliness. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological design was used. We conducted three observations and eight interviews: semi-structured interviews (n = 5) and informal interviews (n = 3) with passengers in CWA. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Three themes were developed: 1. creating meaningful communities (related to the social mechanism connected to participating in CWA), 2. breaking the monotony of everyday life (related to how the passengers experience CWA as a meaningful activity), and 3. reconnecting to oneself (related to the meaningful experience the passengers have when they are connected to their local communities and reminiscence). Conclusion: Taking part in CWA may mitigate loneliness, as passengers perceive it as being meaningful. These results strengthen the notion that participating in meaningful activities hold the potential to mitigate feelings of loneliness among nursing home residents. Full article
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19 pages, 1745 KiB  
Review
Neural Functioning in Late-Life Depression: An Activation Likelihood Estimation Meta-Analysis
by Antonio Del Casale, Serena Mancino, Jan Francesco Arena, Grazia Fernanda Spitoni, Elisa Campanini, Barbara Adriani, Laura Tafaro, Alessandro Alcibiade, Giacomo Ciocca, Andrea Romano, Alessandro Bozzao and Stefano Ferracuti
Geriatrics 2024, 9(4), 87; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geriatrics9040087 (registering DOI) - 25 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Late-life depression (LLD) is a relatively common and debilitating mental disorder, also associated with cognitive dysfunctions and an increased risk of mortality. Considering the growing elderly population worldwide, LLD is increasingly emerging as a significant public health issue, also due to the rise [...] Read more.
Late-life depression (LLD) is a relatively common and debilitating mental disorder, also associated with cognitive dysfunctions and an increased risk of mortality. Considering the growing elderly population worldwide, LLD is increasingly emerging as a significant public health issue, also due to the rise in direct and indirect costs borne by healthcare systems. Understanding the neuroanatomical and neurofunctional correlates of LLD is crucial for developing more targeted and effective interventions, both from a preventive and therapeutic standpoint. This ALE meta-analysis aims to evaluate the involvement of specific neurofunctional changes in the neurophysiopathology of LLD by analysing functional neuroimaging studies conducted on patients with LLD compared to healthy subjects (HCs). We included 19 studies conducted on 844 subjects, divided into 439 patients with LLD and 405 HCs. Patients with LLD, compared to HCs, showed significant hypoactivation of the right superior and medial frontal gyri (Brodmann areas (Bas) 8, 9), left cingulate cortex (BA 24), left putamen, and left caudate body. The same patients exhibited significant hyperactivation of the left superior temporal gyrus (BA 42), left inferior frontal gyrus (BA 45), right anterior cingulate cortex (BA 24), right cerebellar culmen, and left cerebellar declive. In summary, we found significant changes in activation patterns and brain functioning in areas encompassed in the cortico–limbic–striatal network in LLD. Furthermore, our results suggest a potential role for areas within the cortico–striatal–cerebellar network in the neurophysiopathology of LLD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geriatric Psychiatry and Psychology)
14 pages, 1215 KiB  
Review
Alzheimer’s Disease: Cellular and Pharmacological Aspects
by Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda-Abreu, Fausto Rojas-Durán, María Elena Hernández-Aguilar, Deissy Herrera-Covarrubias, Lizbeth Donají Chí-Castañeda, María Rebeca Toledo-Cárdenas and Jorge Manuel Suárez-Medellín
Geriatrics 2024, 9(4), 86; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geriatrics9040086 - 22 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease was described more than 100 years ago and despite the fact that several molecules are being tested for its treatment, which are in phase III trials, the disease continues to progress. The main problem is that these molecules function properly in [...] Read more.
Alzheimer’s disease was described more than 100 years ago and despite the fact that several molecules are being tested for its treatment, which are in phase III trials, the disease continues to progress. The main problem is that these molecules function properly in healthy neurons, while neuronal pathology includes plasma membrane disruption, malfunction of various organelles, and hyperphosphorylation of Tau and amyloid plaques. The main objective of this article is the discussion of a neuronal restoration therapy, where molecules designed for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease would probably be more effective, and the quality of life of people would be better. Full article
9 pages, 780 KiB  
Review
Existing Digital Health Technology Index Summary Report for Older Adults Living with Neurocognitive Disorders (Mild and Major) and Their Informal Caregivers: An Environmental Scan
by Ambily Jose, Maxime Sasseville, Ellen Gorus, Anik Giguère, Anne Bourbonnais, Samira Abbasgholizadeh Rahimi, Clémence Balley, Ronald Buyl and Marie-Pierre Gagnon
Geriatrics 2024, 9(4), 85; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geriatrics9040085 - 22 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Digital health has added numerous promising solutions to enhance the health and wellness of people with neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) and their informal caregivers. (1) Background: It is important to obtain a comprehensive view of currently available technologies, their outcomes, and conditions of success [...] Read more.
Digital health has added numerous promising solutions to enhance the health and wellness of people with neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) and their informal caregivers. (1) Background: It is important to obtain a comprehensive view of currently available technologies, their outcomes, and conditions of success to inform recommendations regarding digital health solutions for people with NCDs and their caregivers. This environmental scan was performed to identify the features of existing digital health solutions relevant to the targeted population. This work reviews currently available digital health solutions and their related characteristics to develop a decision support tool for older adults living with mild or major neurocognitive disorders and their informal caregivers. This knowledge will aid the development of a decision support tool to assist older adults and their informal caregivers in their search for adequate digital health solutions according to their needs and preferences based on trustable information. (2) Methods: We conducted an environmental scan to identify digital health solutions from a systematic review and targeted searches in the grey literature covering the regions of Canada and Europe. Technological tools were scanned based on a preformatted extraction grid. We assessed their relevance based on selected attributes and summarized the findings. (3) Results: We identified 100 available digital health solutions. The majority (56%) were not specific to NCDs. Only 28% provided scientific evidence of their effectiveness. Remote patient care, movement tracking, and cognitive exercises were the most common purposes of digital health solutions. Most solutions were presented as decision aid tools, pill dispensers, apps, web, or a combination of these platforms. (4) Conclusions: This environmental scan allowed for identifying current digital health solutions for older adults with mild or major neurocognitive disorders and their informal caregivers. Findings from the environmental scan highlight the need for additional approaches to strengthen digital health interventions for the well-being of older adults with mild and major NCDs and their informal and formal healthcare providers. Full article
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