Knowledge Gaps in Mining Operations: Empirical Evidence from the Greek Lignite Mining Industry †
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Problems and Research Questions
- Lack of KM culture and systems, which has an effect on the performance, functionality, and cost of extractive activities.
- Limitations of personnel availability that create dysfunctions when the SMEs undertake new duties (internal rotation) or are on the way to retirement.
- The quality of documentation and technical information is poor, and the relevant material is outdated and/or inappropriate for use.
- The lack of life long training (LLT) in equipment technology, industry automation, new legislation for sustainability, ecological restoration, land use repurposing, etc., also has negative performance effects on mining activities.
- The differences in understanding the terms and vocabularies of mining domain knowledge lead to (a) dysfunctionalities in the communication with external stakeholders and (b) intradisciplinary misalignments.
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Suggested Methodology
- S1.
- Definition of the Research Problem: The research problem is defined as the ‘Investigation of main KGs in mining companies and operations’.
- S2.
- Literature Review: It includes analysis and review of the existing literature. This step aims to understand how knowledge, KM, and KGs interact in the environment of mining organizations.
- S3.
- Research Organization and Planning: It involves performing semi-structured interviews organized in two workshops (WS). WS1 aims to introduce a team of three SMEs (interviewees) to the research methodology and agenda. WS2 aims to collect primary data for the observed KGs by asking and recording the opinions and perceptions of SMEs.
- S4.
- Data Collection: In WS1, brainstorming on the research concept and context and the sequence of research tasks is conducted, while the identification and preliminary analysis of main KGs are also performed. In WS2, KGs are grouped into two groups, i.e., internal and external, and the cause of each KG is discussed and explained. Also, the criticality and relative significance of each KG is roughly estimated in terms of numerical values.
- S5.
- Data Analysis: The data collected for the KGs, their causes, and the criticality rating of each KG are displayed in the form of a table. Statistical analysis for the frequency and criticality of the identified KGs is performed.
- S6.
- Discussion: The outcome of WS1 and WS2 is presented. Based on the interpretations of the outlined statistical parameters, an analysis of the SME’s perceptions of the identified main KGs is reported.
- S7.
- Proposals for Further Research: The perspectives on how far and to which level of detail the QLR methodology could be extended and integrated are provided. Some viewpoints for the adaptability of the performed QLR, along with a proposal for a further, more detailed quantitative analysis of the KGs, are presented.
3.2. Application and Results
- 1.
- Grouping of Main Causes:
- -
- Knowledge management: 41.67% (10 of 24) of KGs relate to the lack of KM policy, strategy, culture, and process and the absence of learning culture;
- -
- Human resources: 37.50% (9 of 24) of KGs relate to the substitution or retirement of SMEs, the hiring of inexperienced personnel, the poor and/or ineffective nature of training, and the rotation of personnel with poor training;
- -
- Technical management and Complexity: 33.33% (8 of 24) of KGs relate to complexity, low awareness of sustainability and CE, misuse of mining terms and technological vocabularies, etc.;
- -
- ICT Systems: 25.00% (6 of 24) of KGs relate to the deficiencies of ICT systems and inter-disciplinary and cross-disciplinary communication(s);
- -
- Company’s internal (corporate) management: 20.83% (5 of 24) of KGs relate to organizational changes and their resetting, business processes reengineering (BPR), downsizing, cost cutting, de-escalating of business, etc.;
- Note:
- the main causes, noted above, are linked with and derived from the company’s management. If the management does not set the continuous learning and the reskilling and upskilling of the company’s personnel as a priority, then the consequences of KGs will definitely occur.
- 2.
- Criticality Analysis:
- General Evaluation of KGs criticality:
- -
- 16.67% (4 of 24) of KGs in total = VL to LO criticality;
- -
- 83.33% (20 of 24) of KGs: MO to VH criticality;
- -
- 37.50% (9 of 24) of KGs: HI to VH criticality
- -
- 46.15% (6 of 13) of internal KGs: HI to VH criticality;
- -
- Average criticality of internal KGs (13 of 24) = 3.39: MO to HI;
- -
- 27.30% (3 of 11) of external KGs: HI to VH criticality;
- -
- Average criticality of External KGs (11 of 24) = 3.27: MO and HI;
- -
- Average criticality of all KGs (Nos.24) = 3.33: MO to HI.
- Evaluation of KGs’ criticality per group of main causes:
- -
- Human resources group’s average criticality = 3.67: MO to HI;
- -
- Company (corporate) Management’s average criticality = 3.40: MO to HI;
- -
- Knowledge management’s average criticality = 3.20: MO to HI;
- -
- ICT systems’ average criticality = 3.00: MO;
- -
- Technical management’s average criticality = 2.75: LO to MO;
- -
- Main causes’ (total) average criticality = 3.20: MO to HI.
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions and Further Research
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
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Spanidis, P.-M.; Pavloudakis, F.; Roumpos, C. Knowledge Gaps in Mining Operations: Empirical Evidence from the Greek Lignite Mining Industry. Mater. Proc. 2023, 15, 15. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/materproc2023015015
Spanidis P-M, Pavloudakis F, Roumpos C. Knowledge Gaps in Mining Operations: Empirical Evidence from the Greek Lignite Mining Industry. Materials Proceedings. 2023; 15(1):15. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/materproc2023015015
Chicago/Turabian StyleSpanidis, Philip-Mark, Francis Pavloudakis, and Christos Roumpos. 2023. "Knowledge Gaps in Mining Operations: Empirical Evidence from the Greek Lignite Mining Industry" Materials Proceedings 15, no. 1: 15. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/materproc2023015015