Specialty Livestock

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Farm Animal Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 16594

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Guest Editor
Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Słoneczna 1, 62-002 Suchy Las, Poland
Interests: meat quality; organic farming; animal welfare; animal farming
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In times of public concerns about animal welfare, environmental, safety and human health, specialty livestock farming is one of the best agricultural strategies for increasing the sustainability of animal production, increasing the public acceptance of animal farming, and contributing to the implementation of a ”From Farm to Fork” strategy. Specialty livestock farming allows for the production of food of a very high standard, with respect to the environment and on the basis of locally available feed resources.

This Special Issue covers agricultural production systems with a benign impact on the environment and a beneficial effect on the farmed animals: alternative livestock farming, mixed crop-livestock farming, and backyard farming. Specialty, alternative, or unconventional livestock are terms used for animals farmed under systems promoting high welfare standards, and therefore we can expect them to be healthier when compared to commercial, conventional livestock species. The production of these multipurpose animals, kept for meat, milk, manure, fibers, and feathers is both environmentally sound and profitable. Many examples can be found in regions with harsh environmental conditions, where multipurpose breeds are treated as the most economically viable form of animal production. In general, in times of pasture-based animal farming, some of the old, native breeds have returned to farmers’ good graces.

The products from specialty livestock are healthier and safer for consumers when compared to commercial livestock, but they require consumer acceptance and finding sales markets. More research data, research grants, and funding are needed in order to increase the knowledge in this field and promote specialty livestock farming. This Special Issue has been prepared to gather the newest research results on specialty livestock species, their role in agriculture, and in the production chain of food and other animal products.

Dr. Agnieszka Ludwiczak
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • sustainable agriculture
  • specialty livestock
  • alternative livestock
  • mixed farming
  • backyard farming
  • bush meat
  • exotic meat
  • multipurpose animals
  • native livestock breeds

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2166 KiB  
Article
Small Scale Egg Production: The Challenge of Portuguese Autochthonous Chicken Breeds
by Nuno V. Brito, Júlio Cesar Lopes, Virgínia Ribeiro, Rui Dantas and José V. Leite
Agriculture 2021, 11(9), 818; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/agriculture11090818 - 28 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4426
Abstract
Biodiversity concerns and the sustainability of agroecological systems, together with consumer demand for higher quality products from alternative and extensive farming methods, have reinforced interest in local breeds that are well adapted to low-input environments. The first reference to Portuguese poultry breeds appeared [...] Read more.
Biodiversity concerns and the sustainability of agroecological systems, together with consumer demand for higher quality products from alternative and extensive farming methods, have reinforced interest in local breeds that are well adapted to low-input environments. The first reference to Portuguese poultry breeds appeared in the 1930s, with registration and breeding programs of native breeds only being implemented in the last ten years. Portuguese chicken breeds (Pedrês Portuguesa, Preta Lusitânica, Amarela, and Branca) are almost extinct and are currently bred on small-scale farms for egg and meat production. This study aimed to characterize the performance of laying hens, evaluating the influence of genotype, age, and season on egg production over four years in farm conditions. The results highlight the Pedrês Portuguesa as the most productive breed regarding egg production and reveal a tendency for an increase in egg production performance by the Branca in contrast with the lower productive capacity of the Preta Lusitânica. Older hens start laying earlier in consecutive laying periods, present a shorter peak, and an inferior number of total eggs/cycle. There is a need to establish breeding goals and to evaluate and revise breeding programs to increase productivity in autochthonous Portuguese chicken breeds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Specialty Livestock)
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7 pages, 759 KiB  
Article
Preliminary Study of Body Temperature Emissivity in Rabbits Selected for Litter Size Residual Variability
by Iván Agea, María de la Luz García and María-José Argente
Agriculture 2021, 11(7), 604; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/agriculture11070604 - 28 Jun 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1739
Abstract
A divergent selection for litter size residual variability has been carried out in rabbits during 12 generations. Litter size residual variability was estimated as phenotypic variance of litter size within females after correcting for the year-season and the parity-lactation status effects. Stress causes [...] Read more.
A divergent selection for litter size residual variability has been carried out in rabbits during 12 generations. Litter size residual variability was estimated as phenotypic variance of litter size within females after correcting for the year-season and the parity-lactation status effects. Stress causes an increase in core body temperature. Infrared thermography (IRT) has been shown to be a useful technique for identifying changes in body temperature emissivity. The aim of this work is to study the correlated response to selection for litter size residual variability in body temperature emissivity at natural mating. Natural mating can be considered a stressful stimulus for does. Temperature was measured in the eyeball by IRT before mating (basal temperature) and after 5 min, 30 min, and 60 min in does of the lines selected to decrease and to increase litter size residual variability (i.e., the Low and the High lines). Both lines showed similar basal temperature. Eyeball temperature was increased slightly in the Low line from basal state to 5 min after stressful stimulus (from 35.69 °C to 36.32 °C), and this increase remained up to 60 min after stress (36.55 °C). The High line showed a higher temperature than the Low line at 30 min (+0.96 °C, p = 0.99). At 60 min, temperature was similar between lines. The evolution of temperature was different between lines: the High line reached the peak of temperature later than the Low line (at 30 min vs. 5 min), and its peak was higher compared to the Low line (36.95 °C vs. 36.32 °C). In conclusion, the does selected for reducing litter size variability showed a lower increase in temperature after a stressful stimulus, therefore showing lower stress and consequently better welfare. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Specialty Livestock)
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13 pages, 245 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Macro-, Micro-, Trace, and Ultratrace Element Concentration in Green-Legged Partridge Hens’ Eggs from a Free-Range System
by Tadeusz Trziszka, Zbigniew Dobrzański, Katarzyna Chojnacka, Anna Bubel, Halina Beń, Mariusz Korczyński, Damian Konkol and Wojciech Tronina
Agriculture 2021, 11(6), 473; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/agriculture11060473 - 21 May 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2417
Abstract
The goal of this research was to determine the concentration of macro-, micro-, trace, and ultratrace elements in egg albumen and yolk of Green-Legged Partridge (GLP) hens (Polish native breed) maintained in a free-range system. The hens received two feed mixtures (FM), which [...] Read more.
The goal of this research was to determine the concentration of macro-, micro-, trace, and ultratrace elements in egg albumen and yolk of Green-Legged Partridge (GLP) hens (Polish native breed) maintained in a free-range system. The hens received two feed mixtures (FM), which differed in mineral content (Gr-1 and Gr-2). Analyses of 57 chemical elements were performed using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy by ICP-OES and ICP-MS techniques. FM from Gr-2 were characterized by a significantly (p < 0.05 or 0.01) higher concentration of macro- and microelements (Al, Ba, Ca, K, P, S, Si) than that from Gr-1. Among the trace and ultratrace elements there were significantly higher levels of Co, Cr, Li, Nb, Ni, Pb, Ru, Sn, and Zr, and significantly lower levels of Cs, Pd, and Te in Gr-2 compared with Gr-1. Egg albumen from hens from the Gr-2 group contained a significantly higher Ba concentration. In the case of trace and ultratrace elements, significantly greater Au, Co, Cr, Mo, Nb, Ru, and Se, and less As were recorded in the albumen from Gr-2. No significant differences were observed in the concentrations of macro- and microelements in the egg yolk. Among the examined trace and ultratrace elements, substantial differences were observed in the level of Co, Cr, Ni, Se, Sn, and Y (more in Gr-2), and Au, Hf, Hg, Nb, Nd, and Rb (less in Gr-2). Only in the case of Co and Cr concentrations in the feed (Gr-2) was a significant increase found in the albumen and yolk. Gr-2 also showed a significantly greater concentration of Ba, Nb, and Ru in the albumen, and Ni and Sn in the yolk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Specialty Livestock)
12 pages, 1029 KiB  
Article
The Indigenous Prestice Black-Pied Pig Breed Differs from a Commercial Hybrid in Growth Intensity, Carcass Value and Meat Quality
by Pavel Nevrkla, Eva Václavková and Miroslav Rozkot
Agriculture 2021, 11(4), 331; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/agriculture11040331 - 08 Apr 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 5117
Abstract
The study was designed for the comparison of barrows and gilts of two contrasting genotypes in terms of growth ability, carcass value and meat quality. A total of 76 pigs (from 7 ± 1 kg to 95 ± 6 kg) of the indigenous [...] Read more.
The study was designed for the comparison of barrows and gilts of two contrasting genotypes in terms of growth ability, carcass value and meat quality. A total of 76 pigs (from 7 ± 1 kg to 95 ± 6 kg) of the indigenous breed Prestice Black-Pied (PB) and the commercial hybrid of Large White × Landrace × Large Whitesireline (CH) were included in this study. The groups were balanced regarding genotype and sex. Live weight at the age of 79 days (p < 0.001), live weight at slaughter (p < 0.01), average daily gain (p < 0.001), weight of carcass and left carcass side (p < 0.05) and ham proportion (p < 0.001) were higher in the CH group. The values of the given parameters were higher in barrows than in gilts. The effect of genotype and sex interaction was observed in lean meat content (p < 0.05) and backfat thickness (p < 0.01). The CH gilts showed the highest lean meat content and the lowest backfat thickness compared to the lowest values in the PB barrows. The value of pH45 (p < 0.01) and intramuscular fat content were higher in the PB group. The lightness (p < 0.001), yellowness (p < 0.01), drip loss (p < 0.05) and protein content were lower in the PB group. Higher values of lightness (p < 0.05), yellowness (p < 0.05) and cholesterol content (p < 0.05) were observed in the boars. Oxidative stability of the meat (malondialdehyde content) was more favorable in the PB pigs. The effect of genotype and sex interaction was confirmed for the pH24 value (the highest value was found in the PB barrows and the lowest in the CH barrows, p < 0.001) and for the dry matter content (lowest in the PB gilts and highest in the CH barrows, p < 0.05). Overall, the PB pigs were characterized by inferior growth and carcass parameters, however, with more favorable parameters for meat quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Specialty Livestock)
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10 pages, 283 KiB  
Article
Effect of Different Selection Criteria on Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality of Nellore Young Bulls
by Juliana Silva, Nara Regina Brandão Cônsolo, Vicente Luiz Macedo Buarque, Mariane Beline, Taiane da Silva Martins, Annelise Aila Gomes Lobo, Juan Fernando Morales Gómez, Joanir Pereira Eler, Paulo Roberto Leme, Arlindo Saran Netto, David Edwin Gerrard, Fernando Baldi and Saulo Luz Silva
Agriculture 2021, 11(4), 294; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/agriculture11040294 - 29 Mar 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1871
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of selection criteria for post-weaning daily gain (PWDG) and early sexual heifer precocity (PP14) on the performance, carcass traits and meat quality of Nellore bulls. In year one, 50 animals were selected according to [...] Read more.
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of selection criteria for post-weaning daily gain (PWDG) and early sexual heifer precocity (PP14) on the performance, carcass traits and meat quality of Nellore bulls. In year one, 50 animals were selected according to their expected progeny differences (EPDs) for PWDG and grouped as high (HG) or low (LG) groups. In year two, 50 animals were selected according to EPD for PP14 and also grouped as high (HP) or low (LP). After slaughter, samples of the longissimus muscle area (LMA) were used to evaluate meat quality. Most of performance traits were not affected by the selection criteria. However, the HG group had higher dressing percentage (p = 0.028), LMA (p = 0.02) and fat trim in the forequarter (p = 0.04) compared to the LG group. The HP group tended to have greater dry matter intake (p = 0.08), LMA (p = 0.05), rump fat (p = 0.04), heavier striploins (p = 0.07), tenderloins (p = 0.09) and briskets (p = 0.08) compared with LP group. In conclusion, the selection based on divergent groups PWDG or PP14 has a small impact on performance, carcass and meat quality traits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Specialty Livestock)
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