Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP)

Dear Colleagues,

Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP) is a redox-regulating protein which binds and inhibits thioredoxin function. Structurally, it has eleven cysteine residues which are redox-sensitive and critical binding sites for thioredoxin and other partner proteins. Physiologically, TXNIP is induced by various stress and stimuli including reactive oxygen species. In many cases of cancer, its expression is down-regulated, but it is mostly up-regulated in the case of metabolic diseases like diabetes. Functionally, TXNIP has diverse functions depending on physiological conditions and cellular context. During cell proliferation, it is involved in cell cycle progression by regulating cyclin-dependent kinase such as p16 and p27^kip1. In inflammation, it binds to NLRP3 inflammasome complex to regulate IL-1β secretion. By binding to glucose transport, it regulates glucose homeostasis. In the aging process, it is involved in cellular senescence by inhibiting p38 MAP kinase. Immunologically, TXNIP regulates the differentiation of natural killer cells and the repopulation of hematopoietic stem cells by modulating p53 antioxidant function.

Based on its expression pattern and functional diversity, TXNIP is related to several diseases such as cancer, inflammation, diabetes, and metabolic diseases. In this Special Issue, fundamental biological aspects of TXNIP and potential applications related to its function and regulation will be addressed.

Dr. Inpyo Choi
Dr. Haiyoung Jung
Guest Editors

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• TXNIP
• Redox regulation
• Cancer
• Inflammation
• Antioxidant
• Diabetes
• Aging