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Brain Sciences
Special Issues
Brain Stimulation for Psychiatric Disorders: Emerging Evidence and New Perspectives
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Brain Stimulation for Psychiatric Disorders: Emerging Evidence and New Perspectives

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Psychiatric Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2024 | Viewed by 2541

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Stefano Barlati

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
2. Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
Interests: clinical psychiatry; schizophrenia; mood disorders; cognitive functions in severe mental illness; cognitive remediation in severe mental illness psychiatric rehabilitation in severe mental illness
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jacopo Lisoni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
Interests: psychiatry; non-invasive neruostimulation; tDCS; depression; schizophrenia

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, several non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques are available for clinical application in psychiatric disorders (including major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive-disorder) or are under investigation (including schizophrenia, eating, substance use and neurodevelopmental disorders). NIBS includes Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES). Additionally, Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) is a non-invasive seizure therapy that is attracting great interest due to its better tolerability and safety profiles compared to electroconvulsive therapy.

While these interventions seem to improve clinical features including cognition and behavioral manifestations, for most of psychiatric disorders the evidence is often heterogeneous, so further demonstrations of efficacy are needed to produce firm guidelines.

This Special issue invites researchers to present brand-new studies on the clinical applications of NIBS interventions in psychiatric disorders to improve clinical features, especially the cognitive dimension. Results from translational research, clinical trial, open-label studies, case reports, protocol studies, reviews or meta-analyses are welcome. Moreover, to improve acknowledges on the neurobiology of these disorders, studies combining NIBS with functional neuroimaging, Event-related-Potential (ERP) paradigms or with electroencephalography (EEG) are welcome. Additionally, studies that further elucidate NIBS mechanism of action and on modeling stimulation parameters (e.g. brand-new strategy including accelerated protocols or High-Definition tDCS) or studies that combine NIBS with psychological treatments or use NIBS as augmentative strategy to the ongoing treatments will be considered of interest.

Dr. Stefano Barlati
Dr. Jacopo Lisoni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Brain Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
  • transcranial electrical stimulation (tES)
  • transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
  • transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS)
  • transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS)
  • magnetic seizure stimulation (MST)
  • depression
  • schizophrenia
  • obsessive–compulsive disorder and anxiety disorders
  • substance use disorders
  • neurodevelopmental disorders (ADHD, autism)
  • neuroimaging
  • neurophysiology
  • cognition

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1099 KiB  
Article
Individualised Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Targeting of the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex for Enhancing Cognition: A Randomised Controlled Trial
by Donel M. Martin, Yon Su, Ho Fung Chan, Victoria Dielenberg, Esther Chow, Mei Xu, Ashley Wang, Stevan Nikolin, Adriano H. Moffa and Colleen K. Loo
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(4), 299; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/brainsci14040299 - 22 Mar 2024
Viewed by 759
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been demonstrated to produce cognitive enhancing effects across different neuropsychiatric disorders; however, so far, these effects have been limited. This trial investigated the efficacy of using a novel individualised approach to target the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [...] Read more.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been demonstrated to produce cognitive enhancing effects across different neuropsychiatric disorders; however, so far, these effects have been limited. This trial investigated the efficacy of using a novel individualised approach to target the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) for enhancing cognitive flexibility based on performance on a cognitive task. First, forty healthy participants had their single target site at the L-DLPFC determined based on each individual’s performance on a random letter generation task. Participants then received, in a cross-over single-blinded experimental design, a single session of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) to their individualised DLPFC target site, an active control site and sham iTBS. Following each treatment condition, participants completed the Task Switching task and Colour–Word Stroop test. There was no significant main effect of treatment condition on the primary outcome measure of switch reaction times from the Task Switching task [F = 1.16 (2, 21.6), p = 0.33] or for any of the secondary cognitive outcome measures. The current results do not support the use of our novel individualised targeting methodology for enhancing cognitive flexibility in healthy participants. Research into alternative methodological targeting approaches is required to further improve rTMS’s cognitive enhancing effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Brain Stimulation for Psychiatric Disorders: Emerging Evidence and New Perspectives)
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6 pages, 202 KiB  
Brief Report
A Case Series Study of Weekly or Fortnightly Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in Major Depressive Disorder
by Yvonne Turnier-Shea, Gregory M. Peterson, Marzena Rybak and Saxby Pridmore
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(5), 415; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/brainsci14050415 - 24 Apr 2024
Viewed by 204
Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is frequently chronic and relapsing. The use of maintenance or continuation transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has received clinical and some research support. Objective: To conduct a case series study to report the outcomes of once-weekly (OW) or once-fortnightly [...] Read more.
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is frequently chronic and relapsing. The use of maintenance or continuation transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has received clinical and some research support. Objective: To conduct a case series study to report the outcomes of once-weekly (OW) or once-fortnightly (OF) continuation TMS in a real-life setting. Methods: We offered OW or OF TMS sessions to patients with MDD in remission or partial remission/relapse. Results: Ten patients received OW TMS and four received OF TMS, for 8 to 46 weeks. No patients in either group who were in remission or partial remission at baseline experienced a relapse. Improvements in HAMD6 and CGI-S scores were statistically significant or of borderline significance for the total sample and the OW group. Conclusions: This naturalistic, open-label observational study indicates that OW TMS is effective as maintenance therapy in MDD, while also offering some support for OF TMS maintenance in preventing relapse. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Brain Stimulation for Psychiatric Disorders: Emerging Evidence and New Perspectives)
15 pages, 468 KiB  
Systematic Review
Efficacy of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Pain Level and Disability of Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials with Parallel-Group Design
by Anita Azarkolah, Ahmad Ali Noorbala, Sahar Ansari, Amir-Homayun Hallajian and Mohammad Ali Salehinejad
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(1), 26; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/brainsci14010026 - 25 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1112
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been increasingly applied in fibromyalgia (FM) to reduce pain and fatigue. While results are promising, observed effects are variable, and there are questions about optimal stimulation parameters such as target region (e.g., motor vs. prefrontal cortices). This [...] Read more.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been increasingly applied in fibromyalgia (FM) to reduce pain and fatigue. While results are promising, observed effects are variable, and there are questions about optimal stimulation parameters such as target region (e.g., motor vs. prefrontal cortices). This systematic review aimed to provide the latest update on published randomized controlled trials with a parallel-group design to examine the specific effects of active tDCS in reducing pain and disability in FM patients. Using the PRISMA approach, a literature search identified 14 randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of tDCS on pain and fatigue in patients with FM. Assessment of biases shows an overall low-to-moderate risk of bias. tDCS was found effective in all included studies conducted in patients with FM, except one study, in which the improving effects of tDCS were due to placebo. We recommended tDCS over the motor and prefrontal cortices as “effective” and “probably effective” respectively, and also safe for reducing pain perception and fatigue in patients with FM, according to evidence-based guidelines. Stimulation polarity was anodal in all studies, and one single-session study also examined cathodal polarity. The stimulation intensity ranged from 1-mA (7.14% of studies) to 1.5-mA (7.14% of studies) and 2-mA (85.7% of studies). In all of the included studies, a significant improvement in at least one outcome variable (pain or fatigue reduction) was observed. Moreover, 92.8% (13 of 14) applied multi-session tDCS protocols in FM treatment and reported significant improvement in their outcome variables. While tDCS is therapeutically effective for FM, titration studies that systematically evaluate different stimulation intensities, durations, and electrode placement are needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Brain Stimulation for Psychiatric Disorders: Emerging Evidence and New Perspectives)
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