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Brain Sciences
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Multidisciplinary Aspects of Sleep Medicine
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Multidisciplinary Aspects of Sleep Medicine

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Systems Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (21 January 2022) | Viewed by 15590

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Alessandro Cicolin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sleep Disorder Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy
Interests: sleep disorders; polysomnography; sleep apnea; sleep medicine; EEG signal processing; circadian rhythms; insomnia; sleep stage analysis
Prof. Dr. Luigi Ferini Strambi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
Interests: sleep disorders; obstructive sleep apnea; EEG; polysomnography; electroencephalography; neuroscience

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sleep is a biological requirement that is essential for human life, alongside food, water, and air. Therefore it is not surprising that insufficient sleep, both quantitatively and qualitatively speaking, may disrupt quality of life, cognitive and physical performance, and health. Sleep is compromised in many cardiological, neurological, psychiatric, metabolic, pneumological, and oncological diseases, but it is also well known that sleep disorders significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular, neurological, and oncologic disease, and that they can deeply modify the outcome of coexisting medical conditions. Finally, the consequences of undiagnosed and untreated sleep disorders result in a significant economic burden, represented by associated healthcare costs and indirect financial costs, mainly due to absenteeism, reduced productivity, as well as work-related and traffic accidents. In light of the reciprocal relationship between sleep and health, it appears crucial that pulmonologists, endocrinologist, neurologists, cardiologists, otolaryngologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, pediatricians, dentists, and family medicine practitioners evaluate sleep quantity and quality in their daily activities.

This Special Issue of Brain Sciences, “Multidisciplinary Aspects of Sleep Medicine”, will comprise a selection of reviews covering the influences of sleep disorders on other clinical conditions. Research papers will also be considered.

Dr. Alessandro Cicolin
Prof. Luigi Ferini Strambi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Brain Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Sleep disorders
  • Obstructive sleep apnea
  • Insomnia
  • Normal sleep physiology
  • Sleep disorders in oncology
  • Sleep and pregnancy
  • Sleep disorders in cardiology
  • Sleep and cognition
  • Psychiatry and sleep disorders

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

3 pages, 181 KiB  
Editorial
Focus on Multidisciplinary Aspects of Sleep Medicine
by Alessandro Cicolin and Luigi Ferini-Strambi
Brain Sci. 2023, 13(9), 1327; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/brainsci13091327 - 15 Sep 2023
Viewed by 747
Abstract
Sleep is an essential biological requirement for human life, alongside food, water, and air [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Aspects of Sleep Medicine)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

11 pages, 1432 KiB  
Article
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Sleep Structure Assessed in Polysomnography and Right Ventricular Strain Parameters
by Piotr Macek, Małgorzata Poręba, Aneta Stachurska, Helena Martynowicz, Grzegorz Mazur, Paweł Gać and Rafał Poręba
Brain Sci. 2022, 12(3), 331; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/brainsci12030331 - 28 Feb 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1748
Abstract
Our study aimed to assess functional, structural changes of the right ventricular using strain parameters and sleep structure using polysomnography in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Our study group consisted of 43 patients, 29 men, 14 women. The mean age was 56.36 [...] Read more.
Our study aimed to assess functional, structural changes of the right ventricular using strain parameters and sleep structure using polysomnography in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Our study group consisted of 43 patients, 29 men, 14 women. The mean age was 56.36 ± 14.77. All patients underwent full night polysomnography and transthoracic echocardiography. The right ventricular global longitudinal strain was measured by 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography. The prevalence of OSA (AHI ≥ 5) was 76.7% in the studied group. We observed a significant positive correlation between OAH and average free wall strain (r = 0.37), snore and mid-free wall strain (r = 0.34), average HR, and basal free wall strain (r = 0.34). Moreover, CSB was positively correlated with basal septal strain and mid septal strain (r = 0.36 and 0.42). In summary, among patients with sleep disorders, functional disorders of the right ventricle, assessed using the strain method, are partly observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Aspects of Sleep Medicine)
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17 pages, 1625 KiB  
Article
Strategies to Limit Cognitive Impairments under Sleep Restriction: Relationship to Stress Biomarkers
by Danielle Gomez-Merino, Catherine Drogou, Eden Debellemaniere, Mégane Erblang, Rodolphe Dorey, Mathias Guillard, Pascal Van Beers, Melanie Thouard, Robin Masson, Fabien Sauvet, Damien Leger, Clément Bougard, Pierrick J. Arnal, Arnaud Rabat and Mounir Chennaoui
Brain Sci. 2022, 12(2), 229; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/brainsci12020229 - 07 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1792
Abstract
Adding relaxation techniques during nap or auditory stimulation of EEG slow oscillation (SO) during nighttime sleep may limit cognitive impairments in sleep-deprived subjects, potentially through alleviating stress-releasing effects. We compared daytime sleepiness, cognitive performances, and salivary stress biomarker responses in 11 volunteers (aged [...] Read more.
Adding relaxation techniques during nap or auditory stimulation of EEG slow oscillation (SO) during nighttime sleep may limit cognitive impairments in sleep-deprived subjects, potentially through alleviating stress-releasing effects. We compared daytime sleepiness, cognitive performances, and salivary stress biomarker responses in 11 volunteers (aged 18–36) who underwent 5 days of sleep restriction (SR, 3 h per night, with 30 min of daily nap) under three successive conditions: control (SR-CT), relaxation techniques added to daily nap (SR-RT), and auditory stimulation of sleep slow oscillations (SO) during nighttime sleep (SR-NS). Test evaluation was performed at baseline (BASE), the fifth day of chronic SR (SR5), and the third and fifth days after sleep recovery (REC3, REC5, respectively). At SR5, less degradation was observed for percentage of commission errors in the executive Go–noGo inhibition task in SR-RT condition compared to SR-CT, and for sleepiness score in SR-NS condition compared both to SR-CT and SR-RT. Beneficial effects of SR-RT and SR-NS were additionally observed on these two parameters and on salivary α-amylase (sAA) at REC3 and REC5. Adding relaxation techniques to naps may help performance in inhibition response, and adding nocturnal auditory stimulation of SO sleep may benefit daytime sleepiness during sleep restriction with persistent effects during recovery. The two strategies activated the autonomic nervous system, as shown by the sAA response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Aspects of Sleep Medicine)
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Graphical abstract

9 pages, 245 KiB  
Article
Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Predictor of Arrhythmias in 24-h ECG Holter Monitoring
by Dominika Urbanik, Paweł Gać, Helena Martynowicz, Maciej Podgórski, Małgorzata Poręba, Grzegorz Mazur and Rafał Poręba
Brain Sci. 2021, 11(4), 486; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/brainsci11040486 - 12 Apr 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2651
Abstract
A relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and abnormalities in 24-h electrocardiogram (ECG) Holter monitoring has not been sufficiently documented. The aim of this study was to analyze the relation between the occurrence and the severity of OSA and the parameters of ECG [...] Read more.
A relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and abnormalities in 24-h electrocardiogram (ECG) Holter monitoring has not been sufficiently documented. The aim of this study was to analyze the relation between the occurrence and the severity of OSA and the parameters of ECG Holter monitoring in a group of patients with diagnosed OSA. Ninety-four patients with clinical suspicion of OSA were qualified for the study (mean age 53.7). All participants underwent a medical history, laboratory tests, 24-h ECG Holter monitoring, and single-night video-polysomnography (vPSG) using the American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommendations. A group of patients with diagnosed OSA was characterized by more frequent occurrence of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and ventricular arrhythmias (VPC). A statistically significant positive correlation was shown between the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and average heart rate, supraventricular arrhythmias (SVPC) pairs, SVT, and pauses >2.5 s. In regression analysis, higher AHI constituted an independent predicator for the increased number of pauses >2.5 s, SVT, and SVPC pairs in 24-h ECG Holter monitoring. In summary, patients with OSA are characterized by the increased number of abnormalities in 24-h ECG Holter monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Aspects of Sleep Medicine)
14 pages, 300 KiB  
Article
Consecutive Controlled Case Series on Effectiveness of Opipramol in Severe Sleep Bruxism Management—Preliminary Study on New Therapeutic Path
by Mieszko Wieckiewicz, Helena Martynowicz, Tomasz Wieczorek, Anna Wojakowska, Katarzyna Sluzalec-Wieckiewicz, Pawel Gac, Rafal Poreba, Grzegorz Mazur, Efraim Winocur and Joanna Smardz
Brain Sci. 2021, 11(2), 146; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/brainsci11020146 - 22 Jan 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2706
Abstract
Background: Sleep bruxism (SB) management aims to reduce the number and magnitude of bruxism episodes per hour of a patient’s sleep and, therefore, reduce the potentially negative clinical consequences. Opipramol belongs to the group of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and is considered as an [...] Read more.
Background: Sleep bruxism (SB) management aims to reduce the number and magnitude of bruxism episodes per hour of a patient’s sleep and, therefore, reduce the potentially negative clinical consequences. Opipramol belongs to the group of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and is considered as an atypical TCA, as it acts primarily as a sigma receptor agonist. This study aimed to preliminarily determine the effectiveness of opipramol in the management of severe SB. Methods: A total of 19 otherwise healthy participants with severe SB diagnosed during stage I video polysomnography (vPSG) were subjected to an 8-week pharmacotherapy trial with a 100 mg bedtime daily dose of opipramol and were then analyzed by control stage II vPSG. Results: The participants included 14 females and 5 males, aged 20–47 years (mean ± standard deviation: 32.32 ± 8.12). A comparison of stage I and II vPSG recordings showed a decrease in all the studied SB parameters in 78.85% of participants. Only in a small group of participants (15.53%) was a non-significant increase of SB parameters observed. Conclusions: A single 100 mg dose of opipramol at bedtime seems to positively affect the reduction of SB in otherwise healthy individuals diagnosed with severe SB. However, the subject requires further research on a larger population including a control group. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Aspects of Sleep Medicine)

Review

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12 pages, 309 KiB  
Review
Melatonin: From Neurobiology to Treatment
by Giovanni Biggio, Francesca Biggio, Giuseppe Talani, Maria Cristina Mostallino, Andrea Aguglia, Eugenio Aguglia and Laura Palagini
Brain Sci. 2021, 11(9), 1121; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/brainsci11091121 - 25 Aug 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 4996
Abstract
Melatonin, the major regulator of the sleep/wake cycle, also plays important physiological and pharmacological roles in the control of neuronal plasticity and neuroprotection. Accordingly, the secretion of this hormone reaches the maximal extent during brain development (childhood-adolescence) while it is greatly reduced during [...] Read more.
Melatonin, the major regulator of the sleep/wake cycle, also plays important physiological and pharmacological roles in the control of neuronal plasticity and neuroprotection. Accordingly, the secretion of this hormone reaches the maximal extent during brain development (childhood-adolescence) while it is greatly reduced during aging, a condition associated to altered sleep pattern and reduced neuronal plasticity. Altogether, these properties of melatonin have allowed us to demonstrate in both experimental models and clinical studies the great chronobiotic efficacy and sleep promoting effects of exogenous melatonin. Thus, the prolonged release formulation of melatonin, present as a drug in the pharmaceutical market, has been recently recommended for the treatment of insomnia in over 55 years old subjects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Aspects of Sleep Medicine)
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