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Cancers
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Recent Advances in Nanotechnologies for Cancer Detection and Treatment
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Recent Advances in Nanotechnologies for Cancer Detection and Treatment

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 40259

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Guilhem Bousquet

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. INSERM, UMR_S942 MASCOT, F-75006 Paris, France
2. Hospital Avicenne, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France
Interests: oncology; PDX; stem cells; chemoresistance; nanotechnologies; breast cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancers are a leading cause of death worldwide, due to metastatic evolution in up to 80% of cases in some cancer sub-types. Cancer cure is possible at localized or locally advanced stages of disease, provided that micrometastatic disease is eradicated by medical treatments. At the metastatic stage, for 20 years, innovative medical treatments, including targeted therapies, anti-angiogenic drugs, and immunotherapies, have notably improved the prognosis of most metastatic cancers. However, secondary resistances occur almost constantly, with many resistance mechanisms described, including the potential involvement of cancer stem cells. Innovative tools are required to early detect micrometastases, but also to treat resistant cancer cells.

In recent years, many nanomaterials have been developed for nanomedicine, with increasing complexity for cancer cell detection but also and particularly for therapeutic potential. Among them, nanoparticles with a core that can be excited by an external source (magnetism, light) are particularly promising in targeting cancer cells without damaging surrounding normal tissues.

In this Special Issue, we welcome submissions that will contribute to describe the most innovative nanotechnologies for cancer detection and treatment. We are particularly interested in nanotools developed for micrometastasis detection, and those focusing on targeting cancer cells, including cancer stem cells, to reverse chemoresistance, for translational purposes.

Dr. Guilhem Bousquet
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Nanotechnologies
  • Cancer detection
  • Cancer treatment
  • Metastatic disease
  • Micrometastases
  • Chemoresistance
  • Cancer stem cells
  • Photothermal therapy
  • Photodynamic effects

Published Papers (9 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

3 pages, 194 KiB  
Editorial
A Boom in Nanotechnologies for a High Level of Precision Medicine
by Eurydice Angeli and Guilhem Bousquet
Cancers 2023, 15(9), 2522; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers15092522 - 28 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 950
Abstract
The number of publications on nanomedicine in oncology has been exponential over the last ten years, going from 640 publications in 2012 to 2487 publications in 2022, reflecting the growing interest and potential of these new technologies [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanotechnologies for Cancer Detection and Treatment)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

17 pages, 11407 KiB  
Article
Quantification of Nanoscale Dose Enhancement in Gold Nanoparticle-Aided External Photon Beam Radiotherapy
by Elena Vlastou, Evaggelos Pantelis, Efstathios P. Efstathopoulos, Pantelis Karaiskos, Vasileios Kouloulias and Kalliopi Platoni
Cancers 2022, 14(9), 2167; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers14092167 - 26 Apr 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1806
Abstract
The recent progress in Nanotechnology has introduced Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) as promising radiosensitizing agents in radiation oncology. This work aims to estimate dose enhancement due to the presence of AuNPs inside an irradiated water region through Monte Carlo calculations. The GATE platform was [...] Read more.
The recent progress in Nanotechnology has introduced Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) as promising radiosensitizing agents in radiation oncology. This work aims to estimate dose enhancement due to the presence of AuNPs inside an irradiated water region through Monte Carlo calculations. The GATE platform was used to simulate 6 MV photon histories generated from a TrueBeam® linear accelerator with and without a Flattening Filter (FF) and model AuNPs clusters. The AuNPs size, concentration and distribution pattern were examined. To investigate different clinical irradiation conditions, the effect of field size, presence of FF and placement of AuNPs in water were evaluated. The range of Dose Enhancement Factors (DEF = DoseAu/DoseWater) calculated in this study is 0.99 ± 0.01–1.26 ± 0.02 depending on photon beam quality, distance from AuNPs surface, AuNPs size and concentration and pattern of distribution. The highest DEF is reported for irradiation using un-flattened photon beams and at close distances from AuNPs. The obtained findings suggest that dose deposition could be increased in regions that represent whole cells or subcellular targets (mitochondria, cell nucleus, etc.). Nevertheless, further and consistent research is needed in order to make a step toward AuNP-aided radiotherapy in clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanotechnologies for Cancer Detection and Treatment)
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19 pages, 4520 KiB  
Article
Magnetic Compression of Tumor Spheroids Increases Cell Proliferation In Vitro and Cancer Progression In Vivo
by Gaëtan Mary, Brice Malgras, Jose Efrain Perez, Irène Nagle, Nathalie Luciani, Cynthia Pimpie, Atef Asnacios, Marc Pocard, Myriam Reffay and Claire Wilhelm
Cancers 2022, 14(2), 366; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers14020366 - 12 Jan 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2705
Abstract
A growing tumor is submitted to ever-evolving mechanical stress. Endoscopic procedures add additional constraints. However, the impact of mechanical forces on cancer progression is still debated. Herein, a set of magnetic methods is proposed to form tumor spheroids and to subject them to [...] Read more.
A growing tumor is submitted to ever-evolving mechanical stress. Endoscopic procedures add additional constraints. However, the impact of mechanical forces on cancer progression is still debated. Herein, a set of magnetic methods is proposed to form tumor spheroids and to subject them to remote deformation, mimicking stent-imposed compression. Upon application of a permanent magnet, the magnetic tumor spheroids (formed from colon cancer cells or from glioblastoma cells) are compressed by 50% of their initial diameters. Such significant deformation triggers an increase in the spheroid proliferation for both cell lines, correlated with an increase in the number of proliferating cells toward its center and associated with an overexpression of the matrix metalloproteinase−9 (MMP−9). In vivo peritoneal injection of the spheroids made from colon cancer cells confirmed the increased aggressiveness of the compressed spheroids, with almost a doubling of the peritoneal cancer index (PCI), as compared with non-stimulated spheroids. Moreover, liver metastasis of labeled cells was observed only in animals grafted with stimulated spheroids. Altogether, these results demonstrate that a large compression of tumor spheroids enhances cancer proliferation and metastatic process and could have implications in clinical procedures where tumor compression plays a role. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanotechnologies for Cancer Detection and Treatment)
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Graphical abstract

22 pages, 3852 KiB  
Article
Anticancer Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Apoptotic and Immunogenic Cell Death Markers in Colon Cancer Cells
by Katerina Spyridopoulou, Georgios Aindelis, Aglaia Pappa and Katerina Chlichlia
Cancers 2021, 13(21), 5335; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers13215335 - 24 Oct 2021
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 3783
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a health problem with high mortality rates and prevalence. Thus, innovative treatment approaches need to be developed. Biogenic nanoparticles are nanomaterials that can be synthesised in biological systems and, compared to chemically synthesised nanoparticles, have better bioavailability while being more [...] Read more.
Colorectal cancer is a health problem with high mortality rates and prevalence. Thus, innovative treatment approaches need to be developed. Biogenic nanoparticles are nanomaterials that can be synthesised in biological systems and, compared to chemically synthesised nanoparticles, have better bioavailability while being more cost-effective, eco-friendlier, and less toxic. In our previous studies, the probiotic strain Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 was used to synthesise selenium nanoparticles (SeNps), which were shown to inhibit colon cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we have further investigated SeNps’ pro-apoptotic activity and their ability to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in colon cancer cells. The SeNps’ effect on Caco-2 cells growth was examined along with their potential to induce caspase activation. Moreover, the expression of typical pro-apoptotic and ICD markers were examined in SeNps-treated HT29 and CT26 cells by flow cytometry, Western blot, ELISA and fluorescence microscopy. Elevated caspase-3 activation and surface phosphatyldoserine, that subsided upon co-incubation with a pan-caspase inhibitor, were detected in SeNps-treated cells. Furthermore, nanoparticles induced modulation of the expression of various apoptosis-related proteins. We also report the detection of biomarkers involved in ICD, namely the translocation of calreticulin and ERp57, the release of HMGB1 and ATP, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from SeNps-treated cells. Moreover, RAW246.7 macrophages exhibited a higher rate of phagocytosis against treated CT26 when compared to control cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that treatment with SeNps might be an efficient strategy to destroy tumour cells by inducing apoptotic cell death and triggering immune responses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanotechnologies for Cancer Detection and Treatment)
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Review

Jump to: Editorial, Research

34 pages, 3333 KiB  
Review
Designing the Surface Chemistry of Inorganic Nanocrystals for Cancer Imaging and Therapy
by Fanny Delille, Yuzhou Pu, Nicolas Lequeux and Thomas Pons
Cancers 2022, 14(10), 2456; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers14102456 - 16 May 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2751
Abstract
Inorganic nanocrystals, such as gold, iron oxide and semiconductor quantum dots, offer promising prospects for cancer diagnostics, imaging and therapy, due to their specific plasmonic, magnetic or fluorescent properties. The organic coating, or surface ligands, of these nanoparticles ensures their colloidal stability in [...] Read more.
Inorganic nanocrystals, such as gold, iron oxide and semiconductor quantum dots, offer promising prospects for cancer diagnostics, imaging and therapy, due to their specific plasmonic, magnetic or fluorescent properties. The organic coating, or surface ligands, of these nanoparticles ensures their colloidal stability in complex biological fluids and enables their functionalization with targeting functions. It also controls the interactions of the nanoparticle with biomolecules in their environment. It therefore plays a crucial role in determining nanoparticle biodistribution and, ultimately, the imaging or therapeutic efficiency. This review summarizes the various strategies used to develop optimal surface chemistries for the in vivo preclinical and clinical application of inorganic nanocrystals. It discusses the current understanding of the influence of the nanoparticle surface chemistry on its colloidal stability, interaction with proteins, biodistribution and tumor uptake, and the requirements to develop an optimal surface chemistry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanotechnologies for Cancer Detection and Treatment)
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32 pages, 1938 KiB  
Review
Using GPCRs as Molecular Beacons to Target Ovarian Cancer with Nanomedicines
by Riya Khetan, Cintya Dharmayanti, Todd A. Gillam, Eric Kübler, Manuela Klingler-Hoffmann, Carmela Ricciardelli, Martin K. Oehler, Anton Blencowe, Sanjay Garg and Hugo Albrecht
Cancers 2022, 14(10), 2362; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers14102362 - 10 May 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5086
Abstract
The five-year survival rate for women with ovarian cancer is very poor despite radical cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy. Although most patients initially respond to platinum-based chemotherapy, the majority experience recurrence and ultimately develop chemoresistance, resulting in fatal outcomes. The current administration of cytotoxic [...] Read more.
The five-year survival rate for women with ovarian cancer is very poor despite radical cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy. Although most patients initially respond to platinum-based chemotherapy, the majority experience recurrence and ultimately develop chemoresistance, resulting in fatal outcomes. The current administration of cytotoxic compounds is hampered by dose-limiting severe adverse effects. There is an unmet clinical need for targeted drug delivery systems that transport chemotherapeutics selectively to tumor cells while minimizing off-target toxicity. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane receptors, and many are overexpressed in solid tumors, including ovarian cancer. This review summarizes the progress in engineered nanoparticle research for drug delivery for ovarian cancer and discusses the potential use of GPCRs as molecular entry points to deliver anti-cancer compounds into ovarian cancer cells. A newly emerging treatment paradigm could be the personalized design of nanomedicines on a case-by-case basis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanotechnologies for Cancer Detection and Treatment)
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30 pages, 2934 KiB  
Review
Melanin and Melanin-Functionalized Nanoparticles as Promising Tools in Cancer Research—A Review
by Iasmina Marcovici, Dorina Coricovac, Iulia Pinzaru, Ioana Gabriela Macasoi, Roxana Popescu, Raul Chioibas, Istvan Zupko and Cristina Adriana Dehelean
Cancers 2022, 14(7), 1838; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers14071838 - 06 Apr 2022
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 5107
Abstract
Cancer poses an ongoing global challenge, despite the substantial progress made in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. The existing therapeutic methods remain limited by undesirable outcomes such as systemic toxicity and lack of specificity or long-term efficacy, although innovative alternatives [...] Read more.
Cancer poses an ongoing global challenge, despite the substantial progress made in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. The existing therapeutic methods remain limited by undesirable outcomes such as systemic toxicity and lack of specificity or long-term efficacy, although innovative alternatives are being continuously investigated. By offering a means for the targeted delivery of therapeutics, nanotechnology (NT) has emerged as a state-of-the-art solution for augmenting the efficiency of currently available cancer therapies while combating their drawbacks. Melanin, a polymeric pigment of natural origin that is widely spread among many living organisms, became a promising candidate for NT-based cancer treatment owing to its unique physicochemical properties (e.g., high biocompatibility, redox behavior, light absorption, chelating ability) and innate antioxidant, photoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects. The latest research on melanin and melanin-like nanoparticles has extended considerably on many fronts, allowing not only efficient cancer treatments via both traditional and modern methods, but also early disease detection and diagnosis. The current paper provides an updated insight into the applicability of melanin in cancer therapy as antitumor agent, molecular target, and delivery nanoplatform. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanotechnologies for Cancer Detection and Treatment)
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18 pages, 2321 KiB  
Review
Fracture Risk Evaluation of Bone Metastases: A Burning Issue
by Cyrille B. Confavreux, Helene Follet, David Mitton, Jean Baptiste Pialat and Philippe Clézardin
Cancers 2021, 13(22), 5711; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers13225711 - 15 Nov 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6853
Abstract
Major progress has been achieved to treat cancer patients and survival has improved considerably, even for stage-IV bone metastatic patients. Locomotive health has become a crucial issue for patient autonomy and quality of life. The centerpiece of the reflection lies in the fracture [...] Read more.
Major progress has been achieved to treat cancer patients and survival has improved considerably, even for stage-IV bone metastatic patients. Locomotive health has become a crucial issue for patient autonomy and quality of life. The centerpiece of the reflection lies in the fracture risk evaluation of bone metastasis to guide physician decision regarding physical activity, antiresorptive agent prescription, and local intervention by radiotherapy, surgery, and interventional radiology. A key mandatory step, since bone metastases may be asymptomatic and disseminated throughout the skeleton, is to identify the bone metastasis location by cartography, especially within weight-bearing bones. For every location, the fracture risk evaluation relies on qualitative approaches using imagery and scores such as Mirels and spinal instability neoplastic score (SINS). This approach, however, has important limitations and there is a need to develop new tools for bone metastatic and myeloma fracture risk evaluation. Personalized numerical simulation qCT-based imaging constitutes one of these emerging tools to assess bone tumoral strength and estimate the femoral and vertebral fracture risk. The next generation of numerical simulation and artificial intelligence will take into account multiple loadings to integrate movement and obtain conditions even closer to real-life, in order to guide patient rehabilitation and activity within a personalized-medicine approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanotechnologies for Cancer Detection and Treatment)
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31 pages, 2577 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for Cancer Diagnosis, Target Drug Delivery, and Treatment
by Sumaira Anjum, Mariam Hashim, Sara Asad Malik, Maha Khan, José M. Lorenzo, Bilal Haider Abbasi and Christophe Hano
Cancers 2021, 13(18), 4570; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers13184570 - 12 Sep 2021
Cited by 168 | Viewed by 10023
Abstract
Cancer is regarded as one of the most deadly and mirthless diseases and it develops due to the uncontrolled proliferation of cells. To date, varieties of traditional medications and chemotherapies have been utilized to fight tumors. However, their immense drawbacks, such as reduced [...] Read more.
Cancer is regarded as one of the most deadly and mirthless diseases and it develops due to the uncontrolled proliferation of cells. To date, varieties of traditional medications and chemotherapies have been utilized to fight tumors. However, their immense drawbacks, such as reduced bioavailability, insufficient supply, and significant adverse effects, make their use limited. Nanotechnology has evolved rapidly in recent years and offers a wide spectrum of applications in the healthcare sectors. Nanoscale materials offer strong potential for curing cancer as they pose low risk and fewer complications. Several metal oxide NPs are being developed to diagnose or treat malignancies, but zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have remarkably demonstrated their potential in the diagnosis and treatment of various types of cancers due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and unique physico-chemical attributes. ZnO NPs showed cancer cell specific toxicity via generation of reactive oxygen species and destruction of mitochondrial membrane potential, which leads to the activation of caspase cascades followed by apoptosis of cancerous cells. ZnO NPs have also been used as an effective carrier for targeted and sustained delivery of various plant bioactive and chemotherapeutic anticancerous drugs into tumor cells. In this review, at first we have discussed the role of ZnO NPs in diagnosis and bio-imaging of cancer cells. Secondly, we have extensively reviewed the capability of ZnO NPs as carriers of anticancerous drugs for targeted drug delivery into tumor cells, with a special focus on surface functionalization, drug-loading mechanism, and stimuli-responsive controlled release of drugs. Finally, we have critically discussed the anticancerous activity of ZnO NPs on different types of cancers along with their mode of actions. Furthermore, this review also highlights the limitations and future prospects of ZnO NPs in cancer theranostic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanotechnologies for Cancer Detection and Treatment)
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