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Cancers
Special Issues
Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy
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Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2020) | Viewed by 16400

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jarad Martin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Edith St & Platt St, Waratah, NSW 2298, Australia
2. University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
Interests: prostate cancer; radiotherapy; clinical trials
Dr. Peter Greer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
2. Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2298, Australia
Interests: rostate cancer; radiotherapy; medical physics
Dr. Amy Hayden

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Radiation Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
Interests: prostate cancer; radiotherapy; clinical trials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Radiotherapy for prostate cancer has seen significant advances in recent years. Technology has fused with biology to allow for more accurate treatments, informed by novel imaging delivered precisely with shorter courses of treatment. Management approaches continue to evolve, informed by basic research and clinical trials.

The aim of this Special Issue of Cancers is to highlight studies that advance one of the following priority areas:

  • results from clinical trials in radiotherapy for prostate cancer that can guide future practice;
  • results from treatment with moderately or ultra-hypofractionated prostate radiotherapy regimens;
  • technical advances in the planning and delivery of prostate radiotherapy;
  • the use of novel imaging techniques (e.g., PET, MRI) to guide prostate radiotherapy.

Prof. Dr. Jarad Martin
Prof. Dr. Peter Greer
Dr. Amy Hayden
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • prostate cancer;
  • radiotherapy;
  • clinical trials;
  • medical physics.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1770 KiB  
Article
Haute Couture or Ready-To-Wear? Tailored Pelvic Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer Based on Individualized Sentinel Lymph Node Detection
by Anne-Victoire Michaud, Benoit Samain, Ludovic Ferrer, Vincent Fleury, Melanie Dore, Mathilde Colombie, Claire Dupuy, Emmanuel Rio, Valentine Guimas, Thierry Rousseau, Maelle Le Thiec, Gregory Delpon, Caroline Rousseau and Stephane Supiot
Cancers 2020, 12(4), 944; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers12040944 - 10 Apr 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3256
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) pelvic radiotherapy fields are defined by guidelines that do not consider individual variations in lymphatic drainage. We examined the feasibility of personalized sentinel lymph node (SLN)-based pelvic irradiation in PCa. Among a SLN study of 202 patients, we retrospectively selected [...] Read more.
Prostate cancer (PCa) pelvic radiotherapy fields are defined by guidelines that do not consider individual variations in lymphatic drainage. We examined the feasibility of personalized sentinel lymph node (SLN)-based pelvic irradiation in PCa. Among a SLN study of 202 patients, we retrospectively selected 57 patients with a high risk of lymph node involvement. Each single SLN clinical target volume (CTV) was individually segmented and pelvic CTVs were contoured according to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) guidelines. We simulated a radiotherapy plan delivering 46 Gy and calculated the dose received by each SLN. Among a total of 332 abdominal SLNs, 305 pelvic SLNs (beyond the aortic bifurcation) were contoured (mean 5.4/patient). Based on standard guidelines, CTV missed 67 SLNs (22%), mostly at the common iliac level (40 SLNs). The mean distance between iliac vessels and the SLN was 11mm, and despite a 15mm margin around the iliac vessels, 9% of SLNs were not encompassed by the CTV. Moreover, 42 SLNs (63%) did not receive 95% of the prescribed dose. Despite a consensus on contouring guidelines, a significant proportion of SLNs were not included in the pelvic CTV and did not receive the prescribed dose. A tailored approach based on individual SLN detection would avoid underdosing pelvic lymph nodes that potentially contain tumor cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy)
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11 pages, 433 KiB  
Article
Can Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Predict Tolerance of Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer in Men Aged 75 Years or Older?
by Aurore Goineau, Loïc Campion, Jean-Marie Commer, Brigitte Vié, Agnès Ghesquière, Guillaume Béra, Didier Jaffres, Nicolas Magné, Xavier Artignan, Jérôme Chamois, Philippe Bergerot, Gilles Créhange, Elisabeth Deniaud-Alexandre, Xavier Buthaud, Yazid Belkacémi, Mélanie Doré, Laure De Decker and Stéphane Supiot
Cancers 2020, 12(3), 635; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers12030635 - 9 Mar 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2256
Abstract
Curative radiotherapy for prostate cancer is common in the elderly. However, concerns about potential toxicity have inhibited access to radiotherapy for this population, for whom preserving quality of life (QoL) is crucial. The primary endpoint was to identify predictors of impaired QoL in [...] Read more.
Curative radiotherapy for prostate cancer is common in the elderly. However, concerns about potential toxicity have inhibited access to radiotherapy for this population, for whom preserving quality of life (QoL) is crucial. The primary endpoint was to identify predictors of impaired QoL in men aged 75 years or older treated with curative intent radiotherapy with or without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for localized prostate cancer. We prospectively performed comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and administered QoL questionnaires to 208 elderly (>75 years) patients prior to, plus two and six months after, radiotherapy (NCT 02876237). The median age of the patients was 77 years (range 75–89). At the start of the study, comorbidities were highlighted in 65% of patients: 23% were depressed, 23% had cognitive impairment, and 16% had reduced independence. At six months, 9% of patients had a consistently decreased QoL (>20 points), and a further 16% had a more moderate reduction (10 to 20 points) in QoL. None of the parameters studied (tumor characteristic, treatment, or oncogeriatric parameters) were predictive of a reduced QoL following radiotherapy. Though co-existing geriatric impairment was common, QoL was maintained for 75% of patients six months after radiotherapy. CGA was poorly predictive of tolerance of prostatic radiotherapy. Geriatric assessments dedicated to quality of life following radiotherapy need to be developed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy)
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16 pages, 2252 KiB  
Article
A Trial-Based Cost-Utility Analysis of Metastasis-Directed Therapy for Oligorecurrent Prostate Cancer
by Elise De Bleser, Ruben Willems, Karel Decaestecker, Lieven Annemans, Aurélie De Bruycker, Valérie Fonteyne, Nicolaas Lumen, Filip Ameye, Ignace Billiet, Steven Joniau, Gert De Meerleer, Piet Ost and Renée Bultijnck
Cancers 2020, 12(1), 132; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers12010132 - 4 Jan 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3727
Abstract
The optimal management of patients with oligorecurrent prostate cancer (PCa) is unknown. There is growing interest in metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) for this population. The objective was to assess cost-utility from a Belgian healthcare payer’s perspective of MDT and delayed androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) [...] Read more.
The optimal management of patients with oligorecurrent prostate cancer (PCa) is unknown. There is growing interest in metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) for this population. The objective was to assess cost-utility from a Belgian healthcare payer’s perspective of MDT and delayed androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in comparison with surveillance and delayed ADT, and with immediate ADT. A Markov decision-analytic trial-based model was developed, projecting the results over a 5-year time horizon with one-month cycles. Clinical data were derived from the STOMP trial and literature. Treatment costs were derived from official government documents. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed that MDT is cost-effective compared to surveillance (ICER: €8393/quality adjusted life year (QALY)) and immediate ADT (dominant strategy). The ICER is most sensitive to utilities in the different health states and the first month MDT cost. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of €40,000 per QALY, the cost of the first month MDT should not exceed €8136 to be cost-effective compared to surveillance. The Markov-model suggests that MDT for oligorecurrent PCa is potentially cost-effective in comparison with surveillance and delayed ADT, and in comparison with immediate ADT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy)
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11 pages, 1217 KiB  
Article
Influence of Radiotherapy Fractionation Schedule on the Tumor Vascular Microenvironment in Prostate and Lung Cancer Models
by Karen Clément-Colmou, Vincent Potiron, Manon Pietri, Maëva Guillonneau, Emmanuel Jouglar, Sophie Chiavassa, Grégory Delpon, François Paris and Stéphane Supiot
Cancers 2020, 12(1), 121; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers12010121 - 2 Jan 2020
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 3167
Abstract
Background. The tumor vasculature acts as an interface for the primary tumor. It regulates oxygenation, nutrient delivery, and treatment efficacy including radiotherapy. The response of the tumor vasculature to different radiation doses has been disparately reported. Whereas high single doses can induce endothelial [...] Read more.
Background. The tumor vasculature acts as an interface for the primary tumor. It regulates oxygenation, nutrient delivery, and treatment efficacy including radiotherapy. The response of the tumor vasculature to different radiation doses has been disparately reported. Whereas high single doses can induce endothelial cell death, improved vascular functionality has also been described in a various dose range, and few attempts have been made to reconcile these findings. Therefore, we aimed at comparing the effects of different radiation fractionation regimens on the tumor vascular microenvironment. Methods: Lewis lung and prostate PC3 carcinoma-derived tumors were irradiated with regimens of 10 × 2 Gy, 6 × 4 Gy, 3 × 8 Gy or 2 × 12 Gy fractions. The tumor vasculature phenotype and function was evaluated by immunohistochemistry for endothelial cells (CD31), pericytes (desmin, α-SMA), hypoxia (pimonidazole) and perfusion (Hoechst 33342). Results: Radiotherapy increased vascular coverage similarly in all fractionation regimens in both models. Vessel density appeared unaffected. In PC3 tumors, hypoxia was decreased and perfusion was enhanced in proportion with the dose per fraction. In LLC tumors, no functional changes were observed at t = 15 days, but increased perfusion was noticed earlier (t = 9–11 days). Conclusion: The vascular microenvironment response of prostate and lung cancers to radiotherapy consists of both tumor/dose-independent vascular maturation and tumor-dependent functional parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy)
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Review

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17 pages, 2065 KiB  
Review
Progress towards Patient-Specific, Spatially-Continuous Radiobiological Dose Prescription and Planning in Prostate Cancer IMRT: An Overview
by Emily Jungmin Her, Annette Haworth, Pejman Rowshanfarzad and Martin A. Ebert
Cancers 2020, 12(4), 854; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers12040854 - 1 Apr 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3433
Abstract
Advances in imaging have enabled the identification of prostate cancer foci with an initial application to focal dose escalation, with subvolumes created with image intensity thresholds. Through quantitative imaging techniques, correlations between image parameters and tumour characteristics have been identified. Mathematical functions are [...] Read more.
Advances in imaging have enabled the identification of prostate cancer foci with an initial application to focal dose escalation, with subvolumes created with image intensity thresholds. Through quantitative imaging techniques, correlations between image parameters and tumour characteristics have been identified. Mathematical functions are typically used to relate image parameters to prescription dose to improve the clinical relevance of the resulting dose distribution. However, these relationships have remained speculative or invalidated. In contrast, the use of radiobiological models during treatment planning optimisation, termed biological optimisation, has the advantage of directly considering the biological effect of the resulting dose distribution. This has led to an increased interest in the accurate derivation of radiobiological parameters from quantitative imaging to inform the models. This article reviews the progress in treatment planning using image-informed tumour biology, from focal dose escalation to the current trend of individualised biological treatment planning using image-derived radiobiological parameters, with the focus on prostate intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy)
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