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Crystals
Special Issues
Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction and Scattering Techniques Applied to Dynamical Processes
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Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction and Scattering Techniques Applied to Dynamical Processes

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2022) | Viewed by 9677

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sophie E. Canton

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Guest Editor
ELI-ALPS, Szeged, Hungary
Interests: photoinduced processes; XRD; WAXS; SAXS; optical and X-ray spectroscopies
Dr. Dmitry Khakhulin

E-Mail
Guest Editor
European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld, Germany
Interests: time-resolved pump-probe studies of structural; electronic dynamics on ultrafast time-scales; combining hard X-ray scattering/diffraction and spectroscopy to study photochemical reactions; other laser-driven dynamical processes
Dr. Qingyu Kong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 GIF-sur-YVETTE CEDEX, France
Interests: time-resolved X-ray scattering and XAS on photochemical reaction dynamics; XAS studies on battery materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The discovery of X-ray radiation by Röntgen in 1895 has initiated the development of powerful structural characterization techniques, including non-resonant and anomalous diffraction and scattering (WAXS, SAXS), imaging and tomography. These tools, which possess intrinsic atomic resolution, are applied routinely in Material Sciences, Physics, Chemistry and Biology. When the measurements are performed with temporal resolution, they deliver feedback in the form of “molecular movies” for a wide range of dynamical processes, such as (bio)chemical reactions, clustering or phase transitions.

The past decade has seen important parallel progress in the properties (brilliance, coherence, temporal resolution) of the X-rays that are delivered by low-emittance synchrotron sources, XFEL facilities and table-top laboratory sources. As such, the boundaries of experimental feasibility for time-resolved X-ray diffraction and scattering measurements have been pushed back, especially for dilute or highly-reactive samples.

This Special Issue, “Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction and Scattering Techniques Applied to Dynamical Processes”, aims to regroup a wide collection of original studies based on the development or use of time-resolved X-ray diffraction and scattering techniques across all time scales (from ultraslow to ultrafast), and across the physical phases (gas, liquid, powder and crystal). The multidisciplinary contributions will provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art and will participate in the elaboration of scientific roadmaps that will guide future investigations.

Dr. Sophie E. Canton
Dr. Dmitry Khakhulin
Dr. Qingyu Kong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • non-resonant and anomalous XRD
  • non-resonant and anomalous WAXS and SAXS
  • imaging
  • tomography
  • clustering
  • molecular movies
  • (bio)chemical reactions
  • charge transfer
  • catalysis
  • phase transitions

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 3243 KiB  
Article
Reduced Thermal Conductivity in Ultrafast Laser Heated Silicon Measured by Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction
by Wonhyuk Jo, Yong Chan Cho, Seongheun Kim, Eric Carl Landahl and Sooheyong Lee
Crystals 2021, 11(2), 186; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst11020186 - 14 Feb 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2358
Abstract
We investigate the effect of free carrier dynamics on heat transport in bulk crystalline Silicon following femtosecond optical excitation of varying fluences. By taking advantage of the dense 500 MHz standard fill pattern in the PLS-II storage ring, we perform high angular-resolution X-ray [...] Read more.
We investigate the effect of free carrier dynamics on heat transport in bulk crystalline Silicon following femtosecond optical excitation of varying fluences. By taking advantage of the dense 500 MHz standard fill pattern in the PLS-II storage ring, we perform high angular-resolution X-ray diffraction measurements on nanosecond-to-microsecond time-scales with femtometer spatial sensitivity. We find noticeably slowed lattice recovery at increasingly high excitation intensities. Modeling the temporal evolution of lattice displacements due to the migration of the near surface generated heat into the bulk requires reduced thermal diffusion coefficients. We attribute this pump-fluence dependent thermal transport behavior to two separate effects: first, the enhanced nonradiative recombination of free carriers, and, second, reduced size of the effective heat source in the material. These results demonstrate the capability of time-resolved X-ray scattering as an effective means to explore the connection between charge carrier dynamics and macroscopic transport properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction and Scattering Techniques Applied to Dynamical Processes)
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13 pages, 3962 KiB  
Article
Kilohertz Macromolecular Crystallography Using an EIGER Detector at Low X-ray Fluxes
by Krishna P. Khakurel, Shirly Espinoza, Martin Savko, Vitaly Polovinkin, Jan Dohnalek, William Shepard, Angelina Angelova, Janos Hajdu, Jakob Andreasson and Borislav Angelov
Crystals 2020, 10(12), 1146; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst10121146 - 16 Dec 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3423
Abstract
Time-resolved in-house macromolecular crystallography is primarily limited by the capabilities of the in-house X-ray sources. These sources can only provide a time-averaged structure of the macromolecules. A significant effort has been made in the development of in-house laser-driven ultrafast X-ray sources, with one [...] Read more.
Time-resolved in-house macromolecular crystallography is primarily limited by the capabilities of the in-house X-ray sources. These sources can only provide a time-averaged structure of the macromolecules. A significant effort has been made in the development of in-house laser-driven ultrafast X-ray sources, with one of the goals as realizing the visualization of the structural dynamics of macromolecules at a very short timescale within the laboratory-scale infrastructure. Most of such in-house ultrafast X-ray sources are operated at high repetition rates and usually deliver very low flux. Therefore, the necessity of a detector that can operate at the repetition rate of the laser and perform extremely well under low flux conditions is essential. Here, we present experimental results demonstrating the usability of the hybrid-pixel detectors, such as Eiger X 1M, and provide experimental proof that they can be successfully operated to collect macromolecular crystallographic data up to a detector frame rate of 3 kHz from synchrotron sources. Our results also show that the data reduction and structural analysis are successful at such high frame rates and fluxes as low as 108 photons/s, which is comparable to the values expected from a typical laser-driven X-ray source. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction and Scattering Techniques Applied to Dynamical Processes)
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Review

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37 pages, 12641 KiB  
Review
Advances in Diffraction Studies of Light-Induced Transient Species in Molecular Crystals and Selected Complementary Techniques
by Krystyna A. Deresz, Piotr Łaski, Radosław Kamiński and Katarzyna N. Jarzembska
Crystals 2021, 11(11), 1345; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst11111345 - 03 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2770
Abstract
The review provides a summary of the current methods of tracing photoexcitation processes and structural dynamics in the solid state, putting major emphasis on the X-ray diffraction techniques (time-resolved Laue diffraction on synchrotron sources and time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography on X-ray free-electron lasers). [...] Read more.
The review provides a summary of the current methods of tracing photoexcitation processes and structural dynamics in the solid state, putting major emphasis on the X-ray diffraction techniques (time-resolved Laue diffraction on synchrotron sources and time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography on X-ray free-electron lasers). The recent developments and nowadays experimental possibilities in the field are discussed along with the data processing and analysis approaches, and illustrated with some striking literature examples of the respective successful studies. Selected complementary methods, such as ultrafast electron diffraction or time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy, are briefly presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction and Scattering Techniques Applied to Dynamical Processes)
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