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Crystals
Special Issues
Optical and Electrical Properties of Low-Dimensional Crystalline Materials
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Optical and Electrical Properties of Low-Dimensional Crystalline Materials

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 10797

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jorge Souto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
GdS Optronlab, Condensed Matter Physics Department, University of Valladolid, 47002 Valladolid, Spain
Interests: optoelectronics; semiconductors; finite element methods; Raman spectroscopy; materials in art and archaeology; physical properties in the nanoscale
Dr. Jose Luis Pura

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
GdS Optronlab, Condensed Matter Physics Department, University of Valladolid, 47002 Valladolid, Spain
Interests: nanomaterials; optoelectronics; semiconductors; nanowires; raman spectroscopy; photoluminescence; cathodoluminescence; solar cells; 2-D materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Low-dimensional materials made a real revolution in both the technological and research fields during the last decades. Among them, we can find two main categories: 1D systems, like nanowires, nanotubes or nanofibers, and 2D systems, with the paradigmatic example of graphene, but also a huge number of novel 2D materials currently under extensive development. All of them present a broad variety of applications in highly active fields such as electronics, photonics, materials science, sensors, energy storage or biomedical applications, among many others. The common factor of both categories consists of the presence of certain confined physical dimensions. This allows for the tailoring and engineering of their physical properties further beyond those of the equivalent bulk materials. Moreover, most materials show entirely new characteristics in the low-dimensional regime, making them the keystones of new-generation devices.

We invite researchers to contribute to this Special Issue aiming to better understand the optical and electrical properties of nanoscale materials without leaving behind potential applications in the future optoelectronic devices.

 The potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Optical and electrical characterization of materials
  • Synthesis and growth of low-dimensional materials
  • Spectroscopic characterization
  • Heterostructured nanomaterials and devices
  • Applications to novel optoelectronic devices

Prof. Dr. Jorge Souto
Dr. Jose Luis Pura
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanocrystals
  • optical properties
  • electrical properties
  • 2D materials
  • 1D materials
  • optoelectronic devices

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

2 pages, 169 KiB  
Editorial
Optical and Electrical Properties of Low-Dimensional Crystalline Materials
by Jose Luis Pura and Jorge Souto
Crystals 2023, 13(6), 892; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst13060892 - 29 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 743
Abstract
Low-dimensional materials have experienced a real revolution in both the technological and research fields in recent decades [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical and Electrical Properties of Low-Dimensional Crystalline Materials)

Research

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12 pages, 2983 KiB  
Article
Low Temperature Thermal Properties of Nanodiamond Ceramics
by Daria Szewczyk and Miguel A. Ramos
Crystals 2022, 12(12), 1774; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst12121774 - 07 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1423
Abstract
The temperature dependence of thermal conductivity and specific heat for detonated nanodiamond ceramics is investigated on specially designed experimental setups, implementing the uniaxial stationary heat flow method and the thermal relaxation method, respectively. Additionally, complementary studies with a commercial setup (Physical Property Measurement [...] Read more.
The temperature dependence of thermal conductivity and specific heat for detonated nanodiamond ceramics is investigated on specially designed experimental setups, implementing the uniaxial stationary heat flow method and the thermal relaxation method, respectively. Additionally, complementary studies with a commercial setup (Physical Property Measurement System from Quantum Design operating either in Thermal Transport or Heat Capacity Option) were performed. Two types of samples are under consideration. Both ceramics were sintered at high pressures (6–7 GPa) for 11–25 s but at different sintering temperatures, namely 1000 °C and 1600 °C. The effect of changing the sintering conditions on thermal transport is examined. In thermal conductivity κ(T), it provides an improvement up to a factor of 3 of heat flow at room temperature. The temperature dependence of κ(T) exhibits a typical polycrystalline character due to hindered thermal transport stemming from the microstructure of ceramic material but with values around 1–2 W/mK. At the lowest temperatures, the thermal conductivity is very low and increases only slightly faster than linear with temperature, proving the significant contribution of the scattering due to multiple grain boundaries. The specific heat data did not show a substantial difference between detonated nanodiamond ceramics obtained at different temperatures unlike for κ(T) results. For both samples, an unexpected upturn at the lowest temperatures is observed—most likely reminiscent of a low-T Schottky anomaly. A linear contribution to the specific heat is also present, with a value one order of magnitude higher than in canonical glasses. The determined Debye temperature is 482 (±6) K. The results are supported by phonon mean free path calculations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical and Electrical Properties of Low-Dimensional Crystalline Materials)
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18 pages, 4743 KiB  
Article
Effect of Annealing Time on Structure, Morphology, and Optical Properties of Nanostructured CdO Thin Films Prepared by CBD Technique
by Khalid Ridha Kadhim and Raghad Y. Mohammed
Crystals 2022, 12(9), 1315; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst12091315 - 18 Sep 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2513
Abstract
Nanostructured cadmium oxide (CdO) thin films were deposited onto glass substrates using the chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique. Different deposition parameters such as deposition time, bath temperature, pH, and CdSO4 concentration have been considered to specify the optimum conditions to obtain uniform [...] Read more.
Nanostructured cadmium oxide (CdO) thin films were deposited onto glass substrates using the chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique. Different deposition parameters such as deposition time, bath temperature, pH, and CdSO4 concentration have been considered to specify the optimum conditions to obtain uniform and well-adherent thin films. The thin films prepared under these optimum conditions were annealed for different times (20, 40, and 60 min) at 300 °C, where no previous studies had been done to study the effect of annealing time. The XRD analysis showed that the as-deposited film is Cd(OH)2 with a hexagonal phase. While all the annealed films are CdO with a cubic phase. The crystallite size increases with the annealing time. However, the strain, dislocation density, and the number of crystallites were found to be decreased with annealing time. SEM images of annealed films showed a spherical nanoparticle with an average of particle size 80–46 nm. EDX analysis revealed that the ratio of cadmium to oxygen increases with increasing the annealing time to 40 min. The optical characterization shows that the transmittance is in the range of 63–73% and the energy gap is in the range of 2.61–2.56 eV. It has been found that the transmittance increased and the energy gap decreased with the annealing time. The prepared CdO films can be used in photodegradation applications to remove pollutants from water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical and Electrical Properties of Low-Dimensional Crystalline Materials)
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7 pages, 3801 KiB  
Article
Effect of Gate Dielectric Material on the Electrical Properties of MoSe2-Based Metal–Insulator–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
by Abdelkader Abderrahmane, Pan-Gum Jung, Changlim Woo and Pil Ju Ko
Crystals 2022, 12(9), 1301; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst12091301 - 14 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1411
Abstract
In this study, we fabricated metal–insulator–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MISFETs) based on nanolayered molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) using two insulator materials, silicon dioxide (SiO2) and silicon nitride (SiN). We performed morphological and electrical characterizations in which the devices showed good electronic [...] Read more.
In this study, we fabricated metal–insulator–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MISFETs) based on nanolayered molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) using two insulator materials, silicon dioxide (SiO2) and silicon nitride (SiN). We performed morphological and electrical characterizations in which the devices showed good electronic performance, such as high mobility and high Ion/Ioff ratios exceeding 104. The subthreshold swing (ss) was somewhat high in all devices owing to the dimensions of our devices. In addition, the transfer curves showed good controllability as a function of gate voltage. The photogating effect was weakened in MoSe2/SiN/Si, indicating that SiN is a good alternative to silicon oxide as a gate dielectric material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical and Electrical Properties of Low-Dimensional Crystalline Materials)
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10 pages, 3198 KiB  
Article
In-Depth Optical Analysis of Zn(Al)O Mixed Metal Oxide Film-Based Zn/Al-Layered Double Hydroxide for TCO Application
by Ethar Yahya Salih, Asmiet Ramizy, Osamah Aldaghri, Mohd Faizul Mohd Sabri, Nawal Madkhali, Tarfah Alinad, Khalid Hassan Ibnaouf and Mohamed Hassan Eisa
Crystals 2022, 12(1), 79; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst12010079 - 06 Jan 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 1628
Abstract
In this article, an in-depth optical investigation of Zn(Al)O-mixed metal oxide (MMO) film using Zn/Al-layered double hydroxide (LDH) was elucidated through co-precipitation and spin coating techniques. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis revealed the occurrence of a vertically aligned sheet-like structure [...] Read more.
In this article, an in-depth optical investigation of Zn(Al)O-mixed metal oxide (MMO) film using Zn/Al-layered double hydroxide (LDH) was elucidated through co-precipitation and spin coating techniques. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis revealed the occurrence of a vertically aligned sheet-like structure with a thickness of 60 nm for pristine LDH, which further reduced to 45 nm after calcination at 300 °C. Additionally, pristine LDH showed multiple optical bandgaps of 5.18, 3.6, and 3.2 eV. Moreover, a good agreement of the obtained optical bandgaps was attained between both utilized methods, ultraviolet-visible light (UV-Vis), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies. The optical bandgap decreased at higher calcination temperatures, which indicates the active role of the applied post-fabrication process on the optical profile of the deposited MMO film/s. The demonstrated transmittance spectra of the deposited MMO films exhibited a transparency between 85% and 95%; this indicates the usefulness and consistency of the proposed film for transparent conductive oxide (TCO) based optoelectronic applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical and Electrical Properties of Low-Dimensional Crystalline Materials)
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Review

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18 pages, 3238 KiB  
Review
Optical and Electrical Properties of Low-Dimensional Crystalline Materials: A Review
by Jose Luis Pura
Crystals 2023, 13(1), 108; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cryst13010108 - 06 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2005
Abstract
Low-dimensional materials have been revolutionary in both the technological and research fields over the last decades. Since the discovery of graphene in 2004, and thanks to the technological improvements in nanotechnology achieved during this last century, the number of low-dimensional materials under research [...] Read more.
Low-dimensional materials have been revolutionary in both the technological and research fields over the last decades. Since the discovery of graphene in 2004, and thanks to the technological improvements in nanotechnology achieved during this last century, the number of low-dimensional materials under research and their potential applications have not stopped increasing. In this review, we present a comprehensive tour of the principal 2D and 1D materials that compose the current state of the art and also the technological applications derived from them. In both cases, the focus will be on their optical and electrical properties, as well as the potential applications on novel photonic, electronic, or optoelectronic devices. For 2D materials, we will focus on a brief review of graphene-like materials, giving more emphasis to graphene derivatives, hexagonal boron nitride, and transition metal dichalcogenides. Regarding 1D materials, we will aim at metallic and semiconductor nanowires. Nevertheless, interesting 2D and 1D materials are mentioned in each section. The topic will be introduced using the related origin of their unique capabilities as a common thread. At the same time, we will try to remark on the differences and similarities between both groups and their physical relationship. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical and Electrical Properties of Low-Dimensional Crystalline Materials)
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