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Advance in the Diagnostics of Ovarian Neoplasms

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A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2022) | Viewed by 9516

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Frediano Inzani

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Guest Editor

Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Viale C. Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Interests: neuroendocrine pathology; gynecologic pathology; pancreatic and gastro-intestinal pathology

Dr. Angela Santoro

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Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Interests: molecular biology; gynecopathology; breast pathology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Gian Franco Zannoni

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Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Interests: molecular biology; gynecopathology; ovarian cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ovarian neoplasms represent a broad and heterogeneous group of tumors with marked differences in nature of neoplasms (epithelial, stromal–cordonal, and germinal) and biological behavior (benign, borderline. and malignant), including the most clinical aggressive cancers in the gynecological field. Ovarian neoplasms involve a broad range of ages, from childhood to old age.

A precise diagnostic assessment is necessary to define a specific treatment approach, with particular attention to sparing fertility in young patients when possible. A multidisciplinary diagnostic approach including the main medical figures, such as pathologists, radiologists, oncologists, and gynecologists, is strongly desirable to reach this aim.

This Special Issue of Diagnostics will focus on articles concerning a range of topics on ovarian neoplasms including pathological classification, molecular analysis, identification of predictive and prognostics biomarkers, new advances in diagnostic techniques, and clinical approaches.

Dr. Frediano Inzani
Dr. Angela Santoro
Prof. Dr. Gian Franco Zannoni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

gynecopathology
ovarian cancers
prognostic biomarkers
predictive biomarkers
gynecologic oncology
immunohistochemistry
molecular pathology

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3157 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Pathologic Findings at Risk Reducing Surgery in BRCA and Non-BRCA Mutation Carriers: A Single-Center Experience

by Chiara Cassani, Chiara Rossi, Cristina Angela Camnasio, Mario Urtis, Giacomo Fiandrino, Maurizia Grasso, Francesca Zanellini, Marco Lucioni, Gioacchino D’Ambrosio, Alessandro Di Toro, Margherita Rossi, Marianna Roccio, Alberta Ferrari, Simona Secondino, Rossella Elena Nappi, Eloisa Arbustini, Marco Paulli, Arsenio Spinillo and Stefania Cesari

Diagnostics 2022, 12(12), 3054; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics12123054 - 06 Dec 2022

Viewed by 1531

Abstract

Risk-reducing surgery (RRS) is recommended in BRCA-mutated carriers because of their increased risk of developing ovarian cancer, while its role is still discussed for women harboring mutations in non-BRCA homologous repair genes. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the occurrence of pathological findings in a high-risk population undergoing RRS in San Matteo Hospital, Pavia between 2012 and 2022, and correlate their genetic and clinical outcomes, comparing them with a control group. The final cohort of 190 patients included 85 BRCA1, 63 BRCA2, 11 CHEK2, 7 PALB2, 4 ATM, 1 ERCC5, 1 RAD51C, 1 CDH1, 1 MEN1, 1 MLH1 gene mutation carriers and 15 patients with no known mutation but with strong familial risk. Occult invasive serous carcinoma (HGSC) and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) were diagnosed in 12 (6.3%) women, all of them BRCA carriers. No neoplastic lesion was diagnosed in the non-BRCA group, in women with familial risk, or in the control group. Oral contraceptive use and age ≤45 at surgery were both found to be favorable factors. While p53 signature and serous tubal intraepithelial lesion (STIL) were also seen in the control group and in non-BRCA carriers, STIC and HGSC were only found in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in the Diagnostics of Ovarian Neoplasms)

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10 pages, 1856 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Diagnostic Accuracy of Whole-Body Computed Tomography for Incidental Ovarian Tumors in Patients with Prior Breast Cancer

by Pei-Ching Huang, Ren-Chin Wu, Yu-Hsiang Juan, Hui-Yu Ho, Yung-Chang Lin, Yi-Ting Huang, Shu-Hang Ng, Chyong-Huey Lai, Angel Chao and Gigin Lin

Diagnostics 2022, 12(2), 347; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics12020347 - 29 Jan 2022

Viewed by 2175

Abstract

Whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) serves as the first-line imaging modality for breast cancer follow-up. To investigate the imaging characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of WBCT for incidental ovarian tumors in patients with prior breast cancer, we retrospectively reviewed a consecutive cohort of 13,845 patients with breast cancer, of whom 149 had pathologically-proven ovarian lesions. We excluded patients with ovarian diagnosis before breast cancer, CT scan not including ovary, CT-pathology interval >30 days, and severe CT artifact. Among our 60 breast cancer patients (median age, 46 years) with pathologically proven ovarian lesions, 49 patients had benign diseases, seven had primary ovarian cancer and four had ovarian metastasis from breast cancer. The histologic types of breast cancer with ovarian metastases included invasive ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma and angiosarcoma. Cystic ovarian lesions identified on WBCT during the breast cancer follow-up are more likely to be benign, while solid-cystic lesions are likely to be primary ovarian cancers, and solid lesions may indicate ovarian metastasis. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of WBCT were 98.3%, 100.0%, 98.0%, and 0.99 (malignant vs. benign); 90.0%, 100.0%, 85.7%, and 0.93 (metastasis vs. primary ovarian cancer), respectively. The only false positive solid lesion was a Sertoli–Leydig tumor. In conclusion, WBCT may help diagnose incidental ovarian tumors in patients with prior breast cancers and guide disease management. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in the Diagnostics of Ovarian Neoplasms)

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10 pages, 575 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Serum Lysyl Oxidase Levels and Lysyl Oxidase Gene Polymorphism in Ovarian Cancer Patients of Eastern Indian Population

by Suchitra Kumari, A. Raj Kumar Patro, Baijayantimala Mishra, Saubhagya Kumar Jena and Sweta Singh

Diagnostics 2022, 12(1), 53; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics12010053 - 28 Dec 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2255

Abstract

(1) Background: Lysyl oxidase (LOX) plays a dual role in carcinogenesis and studies show a higher risk of cancer in LOX G473A variants. The present study evaluated the pattern of LOX G473A polymorphism (rs1800449) and serum LOX levels in ovarian cancer patients. (2) Methods: Serum LOX levels were estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A polymorphism of rs1800449 of LOX gene was detected by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Selected samples were sequenced for external validation. (3) Results: A majority of study participants were from low socio-economic status. Serum LOX level was significantly higher in ovarian cancer patients as compared to control. Serum LOX level in early-stage ovarian cancer was significantly lower as compared to advanced stage (FIGO stage III & IV). Wild type GG genotype was used as reference. Genotypes AA were associated with a significant risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (OR 3.208; p value- 0.033). A allele of rs1800449 polymorphism of LOX gene, the odds ratio was 1.866 (95% Confidence Interval 1.112–3.16) p value = 0.017 (4) Conclusions: A allele of rs1800449 polymorphism of LOX gene presents an increased risk of ovarian cancer in East Indian population. Serum LOX levels could be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in the Diagnostics of Ovarian Neoplasms)

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10 pages, 1461 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Prognostic Value of Chemotherapy Response Score (CRS) Assessed on the Adnexa in Ovarian High-Grade Serous Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Angela Santoro, Antonio Travaglino, Frediano Inzani, Patrizia Straccia, Damiano Arciuolo, Michele Valente, Nicoletta D’Alessandris, Giulia Scaglione, Giuseppe Angelico, Alessia Piermattei, Federica Cianfrini, Antonio Raffone and Gian Franco Zannoni

Diagnostics 2022, 12(3), 633; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics12030633 - 04 Mar 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2623

Abstract

Background: chemotherapy response score (CRS) is widely used to assess the response of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) to chemotherapy and is based on pathological examination of omental specimens. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of CRS assessed on the uterine adnexa. Methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed by searching three electronic databases from 2015 inception to September 2021. We included all studies reporting either hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for progression-free survival (PFS) or primary PFS data, for both adnexal and omental CRS in HGSC. HRs with 95% CI were extracted and pooled by using a significant p-value < 0.05. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed by using Higgins’ I2. Results: six studies with 691 HGSC patients were included. Adnexal CRS3 vs. CRS1-2 significantly stratified PFS, with a HR of 0.572 (0.447–0.733; p < 0.001). Omental CRS3 vs. CRS1-2 significantly stratified PFS with a similar HR (HR = 0.542; 95% CI 0.444–0.662; p < 0.001). Statistical heterogeneity was 0% in both analyses. Conclusions: adnexal CRS significantly stratifies PFS in HGSC and might be used when omental CRS is not assessable. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in the Diagnostics of Ovarian Neoplasms)

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