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Diagnostics
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Pediatric Orthopedics: What Is on the Horizon?
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Pediatric Orthopedics: What Is on the Horizon?

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 6600

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Laura Ruzzini

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Guest Editor
Department of Orthopedics, Children’s Hospital Bambino Gesù, Via Torre di Palidoro, Palidoro, Rome, Italy
Interests: pediatric orthopedics; pediatric traumatology; flatfoot; developmental hip dysplasia

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We cordially invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of Diagnostics, which is dedicated to children and adolescent orthopedics.

The etymology of the word 'Orthopedics' derives from the Greek words 'Orthos' (right or straight) and 'Paideia' (rearing of children). In the beginning, orthopedic surgeons focused on deformities of the feet, the spine, and the lower extremities. Modern pediatric orthopedics encompasses a much broader range of diseases. The ability to treat a wide range of conditions has been made possible by cooperation between various disciplines and by the evolution of technology over the years.

The importance of assessing health status in pediatric patients with orthopedic diseases is well known. Discovering new methods and surgical techniques to avoid extensive injuries in pediatric patients is mandatory. The development of new technologies gives the possibility to treat these patients, reducing postoperative pain and psychological distress. However, surgery is not the only focus of pediatric orthopedics. The monitoring of the psychological status of the patient and the caregiver plays a crucial role in children’s rehabilitation. In fact, the psychological aspect of the disease is crucial, more so in children than in adults, and therefore surgery is not the only avenue to be explored. New diagnostic tools may allow for the discovery of diseases in their early stages, helping to avoid the necessity of surgical treatment in many cases.

This Special Issue aims to emphasize new diagnostic methods, surgical techniques, and possible treatments for the major pediatric orthopedic diseases.

Dr. Laura Ruzzini
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Pediatric disease
  • Congenital hip dysplasia
  • Flatfoot
  • Limb malalignment
  • Limb length discrepancy
  • Scoliosis
  • Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
  • Osteochondroses

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 2206 KiB  
Article
Concomitant Talocalcaneal Coalition as a Risk Factor for Early Relapse Following Ponseti Treatment of Idiopathic Clubfoot
by Mudit Shah, Isaac Rhee, Seung Kyu Lee, Mohammed Salman Alhassan and Hyun Woo Kim
Diagnostics 2021, 11(9), 1682; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics11091682 - 15 Sep 2021
Viewed by 1273
Abstract
Concomitant talocalcaneal coalition (TCC) in idiopathic clubfeet is not well documented in the literature. The purpose of this study was to describe our experience with very early relapsing idiopathic clubfeet associated with TCC. Although cases have been successfully treated with the Ponseti casting [...] Read more.
Concomitant talocalcaneal coalition (TCC) in idiopathic clubfeet is not well documented in the literature. The purpose of this study was to describe our experience with very early relapsing idiopathic clubfeet associated with TCC. Although cases have been successfully treated with the Ponseti casting method, all recurred within 2 months of removing the final cast. A single-centre cohort of twelve feet in eight patients treated by a single surgeon between 2006 and 2020 was investigated retrospectively. Recurred cavus with variable degrees of equinus was the earliest findings noted. TCC was incidentally detected during the open reduction of the earliest three feet in our series. Afterwards, ultrasonography was advised as a screening tool for detecting an associated anomaly; however, only the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was 100% accurate in diagnosing concurrent TCC. All coalitions were cartilaginous and the posterior facet was most commonly involved facet. The average age was 18 months for the coalition resection and open reduction of a dislocated talonavicular joint, and the average duration of follow-up was 52 months. None of the patients showed clinical signs of relapse at the latest follow-up. We recommend that an associated TCC should be considered in very early relapsing idiopathic clubfoot cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pediatric Orthopedics: What Is on the Horizon?)
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11 pages, 270 KiB  
Article
Influence of Visual Information and Sex on Postural Control in Children Aged 6–12 Years Assessed with Accelerometric Technology
by Jesús García-Liñeira, Raquel Leirós-Rodríguez, José Luis Chinchilla-Minguet and José Luis García-Soidán
Diagnostics 2021, 11(4), 637; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics11040637 - 01 Apr 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1557
Abstract
The performance of postural control is believed to be linked to how children use available sensory stimuli to produce adequate muscular activation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to thoroughly explore postural stability under normal conditions and without visual information in [...] Read more.
The performance of postural control is believed to be linked to how children use available sensory stimuli to produce adequate muscular activation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to thoroughly explore postural stability under normal conditions and without visual information in postural control in children aged 6–12 years during static single-leg support. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 316 children (girls = 158). The analyzed variables were the mean and maximum values obtained in each of the three body axes and their root mean square during two static single-leg support tests: one with eyes open and one with eyes closed. Girls showed lower magnitudes in the recorded accelerations at all ages and in all the variables of both tests. Accelerations during the tests showed progressively lower values from 6 to 12 years of age. The sex had a significant influence on the magnitude obtained in the accelerations recorded during the tests. Improvements in balance with increasing age were greater with visual information than without visual information. The tests of single-leg support showed preferential sensorimotor strategies in boys and girls: boys tend to rely more on visual inputs, and girls process somesthetic information in a preferential way. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pediatric Orthopedics: What Is on the Horizon?)

Other

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13 pages, 1174 KiB  
Systematic Review
Prenatal Diagnosis of Clubfoot: Where Are We Now? Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Laura Ruzzini, Sergio De Salvatore, Umile Giuseppe Longo, Martina Marino, Alessandra Greco, Ilaria Piergentili, Pier Francesco Costici and Vincenzo Denaro
Diagnostics 2021, 11(12), 2235; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics11122235 - 29 Nov 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2819
Abstract
The primary methods for prenatal diagnosis of Clubfoot are ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). An ultrasound is performed between the 1st trimester and the 28th week of pregnancy and it is reported to be used as a diagnostic method alone or [...] Read more.
The primary methods for prenatal diagnosis of Clubfoot are ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). An ultrasound is performed between the 1st trimester and the 28th week of pregnancy and it is reported to be used as a diagnostic method alone or in combination with MRI. So far, an international consensus on the most effective screening method has not been reached. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to establish the most effective and reliable exam for prenatal diagnosis of Clubfoot. The literature search was conducted using a PIOS-approach from May 2021 to June 2021. Studies reporting cases of prenatal diagnosis of Clubfoot made through US and MRI conducted from January 2010 to June 2021 were included in the study and reviewed by 2 authors. The 23 selected studies included 2318 patients. A total of 11 of the studies included details on the accuracy, while the rest were used to obtain information about the primary methodology utilized. In all the selected studies, US was used as the primary diagnostic instrument. Thirteen of the studies used the US exclusively, while three used MRI in addition to US and seven performed karyotyping after US diagnosis. The US has been shown to be the instrument of choice for the prenatal diagnosis of Clubfoot. International guidelines for an ultrasonography classification of congenital clubfoot are required to reduce the inter-variability accuracy of this procedure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pediatric Orthopedics: What Is on the Horizon?)
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