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Forests
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Climate and Tree Growth Response: Advances in Plant Sciences
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Climate and Tree Growth Response: Advances in Plant Sciences

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Forest Meteorology and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 8142

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Vladimir V. Shishov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Interests: tree rings; process-based simulations; climate factors; dendrochronology; wood anatomy; cell structure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alberto Arzac

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Ecology and Geography, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Interests: dendrochronology; wood anatomy; cell structure; dendroclimatology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wood formation is controlled by biotic and abiotic factors in different temporal windows during the growing season, affecting wood structure and function, forest productivity and carbon–water relationship at a global scale. Although climate factors are the main drivers of tree growth, tree-ring formation might be affected by other non-climatic factors such as wildfires and insect outbreaks, leaving a permanent mark in the xylem structures. Thus, by analyzing tree growth from a multiparametric approach (dendroclimatology, climate reconstruction, tree growth modeling, etc.), it is possible to highlight the adjustments of trees to their environment while growing in a spatio-temporal context. In this Special Issue, we aim to compile experimental and theoretical research to get a better understanding of the environmental factors controlling tree growth and forest decay, from the regions which are most sensitive to climate change, as well as research summarizing the most recent advances in plant science research, based on different proxies considering large geographical or bioclimatic regions.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Tree climate and growth response;
  • Process-based simulations;
  • Climate reconstructions;
  • Identifications of non-climate effects on tree dieback;
  • Climate forcing and tree-ring cell structure.

Prof. Dr. Vladimir V. Shishov
Dr. Alberto Arzac
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Forests is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change
  • tree growth
  • cell structure
  • tree growth modeling
  • non-climate factors
  • forest decay

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 5515 KiB  
Article
Mapping Tree Mortality Caused by Siberian Silkmoth Outbreak Using Sentinel-2 Remote Sensing Data
by Olga A. Slinkina, Pavel V. Mikhaylov, Svetlana M. Sultson, Denis A. Demidko, Natalia P. Khizhniak and Andrey I. Tatarintsev
Forests 2023, 14(12), 2436; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/f14122436 - 13 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 962
Abstract
The Siberian silkmoth is one of the most dangerous coniferous forests pests. Siberian silkmoth outbreaks cause massive defoliation and subsequent forest fires over vast areas. Remote forest disturbance assessments performed after an outbreak make it possible to assess carbon emissions and the potential [...] Read more.
The Siberian silkmoth is one of the most dangerous coniferous forests pests. Siberian silkmoth outbreaks cause massive defoliation and subsequent forest fires over vast areas. Remote forest disturbance assessments performed after an outbreak make it possible to assess carbon emissions and the potential for natural regeneration, estimate forest fire danger, and reveal the need to implement forest management practices. The goal of the present research was to investigate the use of modern satellite imagery of medium spatial resolution to estimate the percentage of dead trees in a given area. The subject of this study is the Siberian silkmoth outbreak that occurred in 2018–2020 and covered 42 thousand ha in the Irbey region of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. Imagery from the Sentinel-2/MSI sensor was used to calculate a number of spectral indices for images received before and after the outbreak. Field study data were used to create regression models relating the index values to the percentage of dead trees. A number of spectral indices, such as NDVI, dNDVI, NBR, dNBR, NDMI, EVI, and TCG, were used. As a result, spectral indices based on the data from NIR/SWIR bands (NBR, NDMI, dNBR) demonstrated the best correlations with field-measured tree mortality. Therefore, these indices may be used to accurately estimate the percentage of dead trees by remote sensing data. The best was the NBR index with an R2 equal to 0.87, and the lowest RMSE and MAE errors. Consequently, Sentinel-2 imagery can be successfully used for tree mortality assessment over large inaccessible areas disturbed by Siberian silkmoth outbreaks at a relatively low cost. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate and Tree Growth Response: Advances in Plant Sciences)
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17 pages, 4239 KiB  
Article
Response of the Radial Growth of Woody Plants in the West Siberian Plain and Adjacent Mountainous Territories to the Characteristics of the Snow Cover
by Nikolay I. Bykov, Anna A. Shigimaga and Natalia V. Rygalova
Forests 2023, 14(8), 1690; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/f14081690 - 21 Aug 2023
Viewed by 646
Abstract
The dependence of the width of annual rings of woody plants on the characteristics of the snow cover is analyzed in various natural zones of the West Siberian Plain and adjacent mountainous areas: the maximum depth and water reserve for the entire winter [...] Read more.
The dependence of the width of annual rings of woody plants on the characteristics of the snow cover is analyzed in various natural zones of the West Siberian Plain and adjacent mountainous areas: the maximum depth and water reserve for the entire winter period and for individual months, the dates of disappearing, establishment, and duration of the occurrence of a stable snow cover. It has been shown that the role of the depth and water content of snow cover for the radial growth of trees is differentiated by geographical location. On the plain, it intensifies in the forest-tundra and dry steppe. The response of radial growth to snow cover in the upper and lower parts of the forest belt is often the opposite. Dates of establishment of stable snow cover are more important for tree growth compared to dates of disappearance. Dates of disappearance of stable snow cover are more significant in the southern regions than in the northern ones. The value of the duration of the period with stable snow cover for tree growth is higher in the southern regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate and Tree Growth Response: Advances in Plant Sciences)
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15 pages, 5294 KiB  
Article
Features of Scots Pine Mortality Due to Incursion of Pine Bark Beetles in Symbiosis with Ophiostomatoid Fungi in the Forest-Steppe of Central Siberia
by Alexey Barchenkov, Alexey Rubtsov, Inna Safronova, Sergey Astapenko, Kseniia Tabakova, Kristina Bogdanova, Eugene Anuev and Alberto Arzac
Forests 2023, 14(7), 1301; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/f14071301 - 24 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 944
Abstract
Forest decline is a significant issue affecting critical ecosystem processes worldwide. Here, we describe mortality in Pinus sylvestris L. monitored trees caused by the inhabitation of pine bark beetles (Tomicus minor Hart.) in symbiosis with ophiostomatoid fungi (Ophiostoma piceae (Munch) H. [...] Read more.
Forest decline is a significant issue affecting critical ecosystem processes worldwide. Here, we describe mortality in Pinus sylvestris L. monitored trees caused by the inhabitation of pine bark beetles (Tomicus minor Hart.) in symbiosis with ophiostomatoid fungi (Ophiostoma piceae (Munch) H. et P. Sydow) infection in the forest-steppe of central Siberia. Stem sap flow (Q) and stem diameter fluctuations (dRc) were monitored in eight pine trees during seven consecutive growing seasons (2015–2021). In addition, microcore sampling every ten days allowed the determination of stem wood formation in monitored trees in the 2021 growing season. During 2020 and 2021, two cases of Q termination were recorded among the monitored trees, with microcores revealing no cambium formation. Thus, the seasonal Q onset matches the beginning of the beetle dispersal period when they attack and inhabit tree stems. The decline of circumferential stem size began 10–12 days after Q onset, during the massive inhabitation of beetles into the stems. The disturbance of Q in trees occurred in 21–23 days, and total cessation of Q was observed 23–26 days after the Q onset at the beetle’s egg development phase. The timing of dRc disturbance and Q cessation observed directly coincides with the beetle life cycle. Thus, the phenology of pine trees and T. minor beetles is driven by seasonal weather conditions, particularly the cumulative air temperature (>0 °C). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate and Tree Growth Response: Advances in Plant Sciences)
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15 pages, 10825 KiB  
Article
A 4500-Year Tree-Ring Record of Extreme Climatic Events on the Yamal Peninsula
by Rashit Hantemirov, Liudmila Gorlanova, Varvara Bessonova, Ildar Hamzin and Vladimir Kukarskih
Forests 2023, 14(3), 574; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/f14030574 - 14 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1663
Abstract
Based on the analysis of the frequency of anomalous anatomical structures in the wood of Siberian larch and Siberian spruce (frost rings, light rings, and false rings, as well as missing and narrow rings), we reconstructed a timeline of climatic extremes (summer frosts, [...] Read more.
Based on the analysis of the frequency of anomalous anatomical structures in the wood of Siberian larch and Siberian spruce (frost rings, light rings, and false rings, as well as missing and narrow rings), we reconstructed a timeline of climatic extremes (summer frosts, sharp multiday decreases in air temperature during the growing season, and low average summer temperatures) in Yamal (Western Siberia) over the last 4500 years. In total, 229 years were determined to have experienced extreme events. The most significant temperature extremes were recorded in 2053, 1935, 1647, 1626, 1553, 1538, 1410, 1401, 982, 919, 883 BCE, 143, 404, 543, 640, 1209, 1440, 1453, 1466, 1481, 1601 and 1818 CE. These dates with extrema observed in Yamal corrobarated with tree ring data from other regions and revealed several coincidences. That is, in these years, the observed extremes appeared to have been on a global rather than a regional scale. Moreover, these dates coincided with traces of large volcanic eruptions found in ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica, dated to approximately the same years. Therefore, the cause of the extreme summer cooling on a global scale, in most cases, can be linked to large volcanic eruptions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate and Tree Growth Response: Advances in Plant Sciences)
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18 pages, 6623 KiB  
Article
Seasonal Growth of Pine Tree Rings: Comparison of Direct Observations and Simulation
by Elena A. Babushkina, Gleb A. Sitnikov, Keshav K. Upadhyay, Dina F. Zhirnova, Grigory K. Zelenov, Eugene A. Vaganov and Liliana V. Belokopytova
Forests 2022, 13(12), 1978; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/f13121978 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1754
Abstract
Repetitive observations (direct measurements) of seasonal kinetics of xylogenesis and simulations (proxy data) with tree growth models are the two main approaches available to assess tree-ring growth and development. Both have drawbacks: short cover period for observations; limited accuracy of simulations depending on [...] Read more.
Repetitive observations (direct measurements) of seasonal kinetics of xylogenesis and simulations (proxy data) with tree growth models are the two main approaches available to assess tree-ring growth and development. Both have drawbacks: short cover period for observations; limited accuracy of simulations depending on input data for models. We proposed an implementation of both approaches on the same trees to find ways for compensation. Cell numbers at subsequent xylogenesis stages were observed for Pinus sylvestris L. over five seasons in moisture-deficient habitats of Southern Siberia. The Vaganov–Shashkin model was parameterized for species and soil-landscape conditions to fit local tree-ring width chronologies (R = 0.56–0.73). Seasonal kinetics variables were then compared among themselves and with the simulated environmentally driven growth rate. The number of cells in the cambial and cell enlargement zone closely followed the curve of the 15-day moving average of the simulated growth rate (R = 0.56–0.87 at one site and R = 0.78–0.89 after shifting rate curve forward by 17–20 days at another site). The maximum number of cambium cells, which occurred within three weeks of the summer solstice, was found to be positively related with the number of tracheids in the complete tree ring (R2 = 0.12–0.75 for individual seasons and 0.49 for total dataset), making it a promising short-term forecast variable for tree radial growth and productivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate and Tree Growth Response: Advances in Plant Sciences)
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16 pages, 3528 KiB  
Article
Douglas Fir Growth Is Constrained by Drought: Delineating the Climatic Limits of Timber Species under Seasonally Dry Conditions
by Antonio Gazol, Cristina Valeriano, Alejandro Cantero, Marta Vergarechea and Jesús Julio Camarero
Forests 2022, 13(11), 1796; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/f13111796 - 29 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1512
Abstract
There is debate on which tree species can sustain forest ecosystem services in a drier and warmer future. In Europe, the use of non-native timber species, such as Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco), is suggested as a solution to mitigate climate [...] Read more.
There is debate on which tree species can sustain forest ecosystem services in a drier and warmer future. In Europe, the use of non-native timber species, such as Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco), is suggested as a solution to mitigate climate change impacts because of their high growth resilience to drought. However, the biogeographical, climatic and ecological limits for widely planted timber species still need to be defined. Here, we study the growth response to climate variables and drought of four Douglas fir plantations in northern Spain subjected to contrasting climate conditions. Further, we measure wood density in one of the sites to obtain a better understanding of growth responses to climate. Correlative analyses and simulations based on the Vaganov–Shaskin process-based model confirm that growth of Douglas fir is constrained by warm and dry conditions during summer and early autumn, particularly in the driest study site. Minimum wood density increased in response to dry spring conditions. Therefore, planting Douglas fir in sites with a marked summer drought will result in reduced growth but a dense earlywood. Stands inhabiting dry sites are vulnerable to late-summer drought stress and can act as “sentinel plantations”, delineating the tolerance climate limits of timber species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate and Tree Growth Response: Advances in Plant Sciences)
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