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Geosciences
Special Issues
New Trends in Earthquake Engineering and Seismotectonics
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New Trends in Earthquake Engineering and Seismotectonics

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Hazards".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 5998

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Claudia Pirrotta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Corso Italia 57, 95129 Catania, Italy
Interests: earthquake geology; active tectonics; neotectonics; seismotectonics; seismology; analysis of seismological data; analysis of seismic sequences; historical seismicity; ground fractures; soil liquefactions; landslides and tsunami deposits; off-fault paleosismology; geology; geomorphology; structural geology ; morphostructural analyses; applicated geophysics; geomorphology seismics
Dr. Sebastiano Imposa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Corso Italia 57, 95129 Catania, Italy
Interests: applied geophysics; applied geophysical surveys; cultural heritage; local seismic evaluation ; passive seismic single station surveys; characterization of strategic buildings; seismic microzonation; geophysical seismic; 2D and 3D tomographic configuration ;electromagnetic surveys ; geoelectrical surveys
Dr. Maria Serafina Barbano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Corso Italia 57, 95129 Catania, Italy
Interests: seismological data analysis; seismogenic sources;active faults identification; seismic sequences analysis; study of strong and moderate earthquakes; historical earthquakes quantification; seismic histories definition; hazards and seismic scenarios; off-fault paleosismological analysis: seismoinduced phenomena; tsunami deposits
Dr. Sabrina Grassi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Corso Italia 57, 95129 Catania, Italy
Interests: applied geophysics; geophysical surveys; seismic; site effects; ambient noise; electrical resistivity tomography; data processing and inversion; natural hazards

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We would like to bring to your attention the upcoming Special Issue on the "New Trends in Earthquake Engineering and Seismotectonics" in Geosciences.

Earthquakes remains unpredictable, and then the only way we can mitigate the effects of strong motion and to reduce damage and loss of life in an earthquake-prone region is by study of the seismic risk.

On the other hand, location and behaviour of sismogenic sources is a key topic to characterize the earthquake maximum impact in a given region, as well as to develop effective earthquake-resistant building codes and land use policies to mitigate earthquake hazards and to reduce correlate risk.

Studies on earthquake engineering and geodynamics are constantly evolving, and new trends are emerging as researchers and practitioners strive to improve the safety and resilience of infrastructures and communities. However, there are also a number of challenges and critical issues that must be addressed.

This Special Issue is open to innovative and multidisciplinary contributions from a wide range of methodologies, approaches and case studies for assessing and mitigating earthquake risk. We encourage submissions related to key topics in this field including seismic hazard assessment, seismic site response analysis (focused on site effects, liquefaction, earthquake induced landslides and tsunamis), physics of earthquakes and seismotectonic studies.

Dr. Claudia Pirrotta
Dr. Sebastiano Imposa
Dr. Maria Serafina Barbano
Dr. Sabrina Grassi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Geosciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ground shaking
  • liquefactions
  • earthquake-induced landslides
  • tsunami hazards
  • soil–structure interaction
  • seismotectonics
  • earthquake source models
  • physics of earthquakes

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

32 pages, 32436 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Site Effects and Numerical Modeling of Seismic Ground Motion to Support Seismic Microzonation of Dushanbe City, Tajikistan
by Farkhod Hakimov, Hans-Balder Havenith, Anatoly Ischuk and Klaus Reicherter
Geosciences 2024, 14(5), 117; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geosciences14050117 - 26 Apr 2024
Viewed by 161
Abstract
In the territory of Dushanbe city, the capital of Tajikistan, detailed geological and geophysical data were collected during geophysical surveys in 2019–2020. The data comprise 5 microtremor array measurements, 9 seismic refraction tomography profiles, seismological data from 5 temporary seismic stations for standard [...] Read more.
In the territory of Dushanbe city, the capital of Tajikistan, detailed geological and geophysical data were collected during geophysical surveys in 2019–2020. The data comprise 5 microtremor array measurements, 9 seismic refraction tomography profiles, seismological data from 5 temporary seismic stations for standard spectral ratio calculations, 60 borehole datasets, and 175 ambient noise measurements. The complete dataset for Dushanbe was used to build a consistent 3D geologic model of the city with a size of 12 × 12 km2. The results of the seismological and geophysical surveys were compared and calibrated with borehole data to define the boundaries of each layer in the study area. The Leapfrog Works software was utilized to create a 3D geomodel. From the 3D geomodel, we extracted six 12 km long 2D geological cross-sections. These 2D geological cross-sections were used for 2D dynamic numerical modeling with the Universal Distinct Element Code software to calculate the local seismic response. Finally, the dynamic numerical modeling results were compared with the amplification functions obtained from the seismological and ambient noise data analysis. The 2D dynamic numerical modeling results allowed a better assessment of the site effects in the study area to support seismic microzonation and the determination of local peak ground acceleration changes in combination with regional seismic hazard maps. In addition, our results confirm the strong seismic amplification effects noted in some previous studies, which are attributed to the influence of local topographic and subsurface characteristics on seismic ground motions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Earthquake Engineering and Seismotectonics)
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16 pages, 6365 KiB  
Article
Balanced Definition of Thresholds for Mode Tracking in a Long-Term Seismic Monitoring System
by Stefania Coccimiglio, Gaetano Miraglia, Giorgia Coletta, Rodolfo Epicoco and Rosario Ceravolo
Geosciences 2023, 13(12), 365; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geosciences13120365 - 27 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1253
Abstract
The catastrophic events of recent years have strengthened the awareness of the fragility of the built heritage and the importance of careful and targeted maintenance. This, in combination with the development of modern techniques for the analysis of large datasets, has favoured the [...] Read more.
The catastrophic events of recent years have strengthened the awareness of the fragility of the built heritage and the importance of careful and targeted maintenance. This, in combination with the development of modern techniques for the analysis of large datasets, has favoured the diffusion of long-term seismic monitoring systems for the protection of structures. In the field of structural health monitoring, data-driven techniques allow crucial information to be extracted from measurements without the need to model the physical phenomena involved, circumventing potential limitations that may arise. On the other hand, however, the results of data-driven approaches are based entirely on the measured structural response; this is why a high reliability of the procedure for extracting diagnostic parameters is essential. In this perspective, a Mode Tracking procedure is proposed to obtain coherent time histories of the modal frequencies of a structure as environmental conditions vary. The procedure is applied to the Sanctuary of Vicoforte, an important monumental structure located in Piedmont, known for its imposing oval dome and characterized by a permanent structural monitoring system. This study aims to disentangle the frequency time series and obtain a rigorous database on which to set up damage identification processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Earthquake Engineering and Seismotectonics)
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11 pages, 1953 KiB  
Article
On the Potential of Using Random Forest Models to Estimate the Seismic Bearing Capacity of Strip Footings Positioned on the Crest of Geosynthetic-Reinforced Soil Structures
by Ernesto Ausilio, Maria Giovanna Durante and Paolo Zimmaro
Geosciences 2023, 13(10), 317; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geosciences13100317 - 20 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1057
Abstract
Geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures are often used to support shallow foundations of various infrastructure systems including bridges, railways, and highways. When such infrastructures are located in seismic areas, their performance is linked to the seismic bearing capacity of the foundation. Various approaches can be [...] Read more.
Geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures are often used to support shallow foundations of various infrastructure systems including bridges, railways, and highways. When such infrastructures are located in seismic areas, their performance is linked to the seismic bearing capacity of the foundation. Various approaches can be used to calculate this quantity such as analytical solutions and advanced numerical models. Building upon a robust upper bound limit analysis, we created a database comprising 732 samples. The database was then used to train and test a model based on a random forest machine learning algorithm. The trained random forest model was used to develop a publicly available web application that can be readily used by researchers and practitioners. The model considers the following input factors: (1) the ratio of the distance of the foundation from the edge and the width of the foundation (D/B), (2) the slope angle (β), (3) the horizontal seismic intensity coefficient (kh), and (4) the dimensionless geosynthetic factor, which accounts for the tensile strength of the geosynthetic. Leveraging the model developed in this study, we show that the most important features to predict the seismic bearing capacity of strip footings positioned on the crest of geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures are D/B and kh. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Earthquake Engineering and Seismotectonics)
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16 pages, 14440 KiB  
Article
Geophysical Subsoil Characterization and Modeling Using Cluster Analysis for Seismic Microzonation Purposes
by Patrizia Capizzi and Raffaele Martorana
Geosciences 2023, 13(8), 246; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geosciences13080246 - 15 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1276
Abstract
In the municipality of Enna, 80 HVSR measurements were performed, and some of these were combined with MASW seismic measurements, which made it possible to constrain the data inversion and obtain significant shear wave velocity models. A reconstruction of the depth of the [...] Read more.
In the municipality of Enna, 80 HVSR measurements were performed, and some of these were combined with MASW seismic measurements, which made it possible to constrain the data inversion and obtain significant shear wave velocity models. A reconstruction of the depth of the seismic bedrock was performed for the whole territory, showing different depths for the higher and lower areas, as evidenced also by the Vseq parameter map. The frequency peaks identified in the H/V curve were analyzed through a cluster analysis algorithm to evaluate similarities that allow these peaks to be divided according to their stratigraphic origin. A non-hierarchical analysis algorithm modified in such a way as to avoid any a priori choice that could influence the partition has been used. The cluster analysis made it possible to divide the frequency peaks into five groupings, each of which was then associated with a seismic discontinuity, according to the geological contacts expected in the subsoil. Finally, the inversion of the data made it possible to reconstruct the geometries of these geological contact surfaces and to reconstruct a 3D model of the subsoil, which agrees well with the surface geology of the area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Earthquake Engineering and Seismotectonics)
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21 pages, 75962 KiB  
Article
The Combination of Updated Geotechnical, Seismotectonic and Isoseismal Maps of the Ionian Islands (Greece)
by John D. Alexopoulos, Spyridon Dilalos, Ioannis-Konstantinos Giannopoulos, Christos Filis, Emmanuel Vassilakis and Nikolaos Voulgaris
Geosciences 2023, 13(7), 218; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geosciences13070218 - 23 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1217
Abstract
In this paper, we present a systematic GIS-based approach for producing updated, upscaled, unified and reevaluated maps for the Ionian Islands of Greece, which is an area of great geological interest. In particular, Cephalonia and Lefkada are two islands with an increased and [...] Read more.
In this paper, we present a systematic GIS-based approach for producing updated, upscaled, unified and reevaluated maps for the Ionian Islands of Greece, which is an area of great geological interest. In particular, Cephalonia and Lefkada are two islands with an increased and intense seismicity. Therefore, a common GIS geodatabase was produced for handling the geoinformation of the area. New upscaled (scale 1:50,000) geotechnical and seismotectonic maps of these islands were produced based on older ones. On the other hand, the corresponding maps of the islands, based on the categories of the Greek antiseismic code and Eurocode 8, were produced in an effort to correlate them. Beyond that, all the available isoseismal maps of the earthquakes that hit the Ionian Islands were gathered in an effort to evaluate them and to find possible correlations with the other types of maps. Based on the correlation results, the consideration of the Vs30 parameter in the Greek antiseismic code is proposed for a better categorization of the geological formations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Earthquake Engineering and Seismotectonics)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Seismotectonic setting of the Andes along the Nazca Ridge subduction transect: new insights from thermal and finite element modeling
Authors: Sara Ciattoni; Stefano Mazzoli; Antonella Megna; Stefano Santini
Affiliation: 1 Dipartimento di Scienze Pure e Applicate (DiSPeA), Università di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Aurelio Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy; 2 Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologie, Sezione di Geologia, Università di Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 7, 62032 Camerino, Italy; 3 Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143 Rome, Italy.
Abstract: A thermal model based on a new section understanding of the the Nazca Ridge subduction is integrated with available information on the Peru in order to reconstruct the thermal structure. The thermal profiles are compared with observed data for seven sites. Furthermore, the crustal geological section through the study area is discretized into a finite element model (FEM). We present a 2D FEM that reproduces stress and strain fields around the transect active fault system. The influence of fault strand activity on interseismic crustal deformation is tested by a series of computed models, whose predictions are compared with geological data.

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