Remote Sensing Monitoring of Geomorphological Hazards

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Hazards".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 5418

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of the Geological Survey of Italy, Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Rome, Italy
Interests: engineering geology; natural hazard; disaster risk reduction; remote sensing; monitoring
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Guest Editor
Dep. of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICEA), University of Florence, Via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy
Interests: geomatics; engineering geology; remote sensing; monitoring

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Guest Editor
Department of the Geological Survey of Italy, Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), 00144 Rome, Italy
Interests: geomorphology; natural hazards; neotectonics; landslides; geological mapping
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Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, 30170 Mestre, Italy
Interests: geomorphology; active tectonic; geochronology; coastal dynamic
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Geosciences aims to gather high-quality original research articles, reviews, and technical notes on the use of remote sensing for geomorphological hazard monitoring.

Every year, geohazards severely affect humans, in terms of deaths and economic losses. The World Bank estimates that disasters cost the global economy USD 520 billion annually. Additionally, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, the global plan to reduce disaster losses, focuses primarily on prevention, aiming to recognize disaster risks before they trigger events that lead to the loss of life, homes, and livelihoods. In fact, their impact can be reduced with a clearer understanding of both where and when potential geohazards are likely to occur.

In this context, there is no doubt about the value of remote sensing monitoring which has a crucial role in quantifying geohazards and their associated risks. Such an approach shows great potential for providing valuable information at various spatial and temporal scales for both knowledge and control purposes. The ongoing advances in remote sensing technologies and analysis, in terms of sensors, platforms, and processing algorithms, are strengthening the role of monitoring in prevention activities.

With this Special Issue, we propose state-of-the-art research that specifically addresses multiple aspects on the use of remote sensing for geomorphological hazard monitoring. The aim is to collect innovative methodologies, expertise, and capabilities to detect, assess, map, monitor, and model geomorphological hazards such as mass movements, floods, coastal processes, etc. We are interested in studies that showcase the broad range of applications of optical and multi/hyper-spectral data, SAR, thermal imaging, aerial photogrammetry, LiDAR, UAV surveys, structure-from-motion, etc.

Review contributions are welcomed, as well as papers describing novel sensors and promising applications for hazard assessments and monitoring, and for the implementation of early warning systems based on remote sensing data (either from terrestrial, airborne, or satellite sensors).

Dr. Saverio Romeo
Dr. Francesco Mugnai
Dr. Mauro Bonasera
Dr. Roberta Bonì
Dr. Ciro Cerrone
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • engineering geology
  • remote sensing
  • geomorphology
  • geomatics
  • natural hazards
  • monitoring
  • InSAR
  • LiDAR
  • imaging
  • photogrammetry
  • digital image iorrelation
  • hazard assessment and monitoring
  • early warning system

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 9744 KiB  
Article
The Contribution of Digital Image Correlation for the Knowledge, Control and Emergency Monitoring of Earth Flows
by Davide Mazza, Saverio Romeo, Antonio Cosentino, Paolo Mazzanti, Francesco Maria Guadagno and Paola Revellino
Geosciences 2023, 13(12), 364; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geosciences13120364 - 25 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1275
Abstract
Earth flows are complex geological processes that, when interacting with linear infrastructures, have the potential to cause significant damage. Consequently, conducting comprehensive investigations and continuous monitoring are becoming paramount in designing effective mitigation measures and ensuring sustainable risk management practices. The use of [...] Read more.
Earth flows are complex geological processes that, when interacting with linear infrastructures, have the potential to cause significant damage. Consequently, conducting comprehensive investigations and continuous monitoring are becoming paramount in designing effective mitigation measures and ensuring sustainable risk management practices. The use of digital image correlation (DIC) algorithms for the displacement monitoring of earth flows is a relatively new and growing field with a limited number of dedicated works in the literature. Within this framework, the present paper contributes by evaluating DIC techniques at several earth flow sites. These assessments were founded upon data obtained from both low-cost and multi-platform sensors, used to assess the displacement field, pinpointing the most active sectors, and gauging their rates of movement during different kinematic phases. In this regard, the highest localized movement velocities reached in the Pietrafitta (0.01 m/day) and Grillo (0.63 m/day) earth flows experience different ongoing kinematic processes. The versatility of these techniques is notable, manifesting in the ease of installation, cost-effectiveness, and adaptability to various platforms. The proven reliability in terms of maximum accuracy (1 pixel) and sensitivity (0.05 m) lays the foundation for the extensive use of the presented techniques. The amalgamation of these attributes positions DIC techniques as competitive, adaptable, and readily deployable tools in earth flow studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing Monitoring of Geomorphological Hazards)
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14 pages, 7301 KiB  
Article
Geomorphological Evolution of Volcanic Cliffs in Coastal Areas: The Case of Maronti Bay (Ischia Island)
by Luigi Massaro, Giovanni Forte, Melania De Falco and Antonio Santo
Geosciences 2023, 13(10), 313; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geosciences13100313 - 17 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1576
Abstract
The morphoevolution of coastal areas is due to the interactions of multiple continental and marine processes that define a highly dynamic environment. These processes can occur as rapid catastrophic events (e.g., landslides, storms, and coastal land use) or as slower continuous processes (i.e., [...] Read more.
The morphoevolution of coastal areas is due to the interactions of multiple continental and marine processes that define a highly dynamic environment. These processes can occur as rapid catastrophic events (e.g., landslides, storms, and coastal land use) or as slower continuous processes (i.e., wave, tidal, and current actions), creating a multi-hazard scenario. Maronti Bay (Ischia Island, Southern Italy) can be classified as a pocket beach that represents an important tourist and environmental area for the island, although it has been historically affected by slope instability, sea cliff recession, and coastal erosion. In this study, the historical morphoevolution of the shoreline was analysed by means of a dataset of aerial photographs and cartographic information available in the literature over a 25-year period. Furthermore, the role of cliff recession and its impact on the beach was also explored, as in recent years, the stability condition of the area was worsened by the occurrence of a remarkable landslide in 2019. The latter was reactivated following a cloudburst on the 26th of November 2022 that affected the whole Island and was analysed with the Dem of Difference technique. It provided an estimate of the mobilised volumes and showed how the erosion and deposition areas were distributed and modified by wave action. The insights from this research can be valuable in developing mitigation strategies and protective measures to safeguard the surrounding environment and ensure the safety of residents and tourists in this multi-hazard environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing Monitoring of Geomorphological Hazards)
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22 pages, 41867 KiB  
Article
Analysing the Large-Scale Debris Flow Event in July 2022 in Horlachtal, Austria Using Remote Sensing and Measurement Data
by Jakob Rom, Florian Haas, Florentin Hofmeister, Fabian Fleischer, Moritz Altmann, Madlene Pfeiffer, Tobias Heckmann and Michael Becht
Geosciences 2023, 13(4), 100; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geosciences13040100 - 26 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1749
Abstract
High-quality in situ measurements are essential for hazard assessment of debris flow events. However, precise data on debris flow triggering thresholds, accumulation volumes and spatial characteristics of large-scale events on catchment scale are scarce due to the rare occurrence of debris flows and [...] Read more.
High-quality in situ measurements are essential for hazard assessment of debris flow events. However, precise data on debris flow triggering thresholds, accumulation volumes and spatial characteristics of large-scale events on catchment scale are scarce due to the rare occurrence of debris flows and the challenges of acquiring accurate data for a larger area. In this study, we present quantitative analyses of a single extreme debris flow event in the Horlachtal, Austria, triggered by local high-intensity short-duration precipitation events on 20 and 23 July 2022. Pre- and post-event airborne LiDAR (light detection and ranging) data with a high spatial resolution reveal that 156 different debris flow processes were initiated during these events, with accumulation volumes of up to approximately 40,000 m³. The calculated debris flow deposition volumes also show a power-law relationship with the total amount of rainfall in the respective debris flow catchments. The spatial appearance of the debris flows shows a concentration of processes in a particular area rather than a uniform distribution, suggesting a local nature of the triggering event. This is further supported by the measurements from three meteorological stations and four discharge gauges within the study area. The gridded area-wide INCA (Integrated Nowcasting through Comprehensive Analysis) rainfall data further point to a local convective event on 20 July 2022, with a maximum rainfall intensity of 44 mm/h. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing Monitoring of Geomorphological Hazards)
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