Research

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8 pages, 227 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessment of Parental Knowledge towards Space Maintainer as an Essential Intervention after Premature Extraction of Primary Teeth

by Amel Ali, Mamata Hebbal, Nada Aldakheel, Norah Al Ghamdi and Elzahraa Eldwakhly

Healthcare 2022, 10(6), 1057; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare10061057 - 07 Jun 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1832

Abstract

This study assessed parents’ knowledge about space maintainers as an interceptive strategy after premature loss of primary teeth. Methods and Material: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based descriptive study was conducted on a sample of 600 parents; 456 (76%) were females, and 144 (24%) were males, [...] Read more.

This study assessed parents’ knowledge about space maintainers as an interceptive strategy after premature loss of primary teeth. Methods and Material: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based descriptive study was conducted on a sample of 600 parents; 456 (76%) were females, and 144 (24%) were males, recruited from an outpatient dental clinic at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire consisted of two sections; the first section collected sociodemographic data of participants, and the second section gathered parental knowledge of space maintainers. The research ethics committee granted ethical approval, and informed consent was obtained before participation. Results: 600 parents participated in this study. The total mean knowledge score regarding space maintainers was 7.97 ± 3.38. The mean knowledge score was 7.06 ± 2.99 for male parents and 8.26 ± 3.45 for female parents. The difference in the mean knowledge score between female and male parents was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference in the knowledge score and parents’ age groups, with parents having the highest knowledge in the 30–40 age group (p = 0.0197). There was a positive correlation between knowledge scores and the number of children. Parents with one child showed less knowledge than those with two to four children (p = 0.0121). Conclusions: Participants’ knowledge regarding space maintainers was 49.8%, which is considered inadequate. It was deemed essential to increase knowledge among parents about space maintainers as an interceptive approach after premature loss of primary teeth. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Child, Adolescent and Maternal Oral Health)

9 pages, 616 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of a Maternal Motivational Interviewing on Oral Health in the Mother-Child Dyad

by M. Á. Ramírez-Trujillo, M. C. Villanueva-Vilchis, L. A. Gaitán-Cepeda, F. C. Aguilar-Díaz, M. E. Rojas-Russell and J. Fuente-Hernández

Healthcare 2022, 10(6), 1044; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare10061044 - 03 Jun 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1691

Abstract

Motivational Interviewing (MI) has been included in dentistry programs. There exists a need for interventions in the mother-child dyad. The aim of this paper was to compare the effects of a MI-based educational program on oral care knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in [...] Read more.

Motivational Interviewing (MI) has been included in dentistry programs. There exists a need for interventions in the mother-child dyad. The aim of this paper was to compare the effects of a MI-based educational program on oral care knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in the mother-child dyad to a Traditional Education-based program (TE). A community intervention trial was carried out. The experimental and control groups were made up of women between 18 and 45 years of age in the sixth month of gestation. Both groups were provided with TE. The experimental group additionally received a session based on the principles of the MI. Socio-demographic data, children’s oral health KAP (COHKAP), that of the mother (MOHKAP), and maternal self-efficacy (MSE) in relation to children’s oral health (COHMSE) were recorded. A baseline measurement was made, as well as a six-month follow up. The participants included 135 women with an average age of 24.88 ± 6.00. After intervention, the experimental group’s COHKAP, MOHKAP, and COHMSE all increased (p < 0.001). When MI-based interventions are combined with TE, MSE and dental care KAP for the mother-child dyad in pregnant women can be improved. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Child, Adolescent and Maternal Oral Health)

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12 pages, 691 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Systematic Literature Review of Capitation and Fee-for-Service Payment Models for Oral Health Services: An Australian Perspective

by Jennifer H. Conquest, Nirjgot Gill, Praveena Sivanujan, John Skinner, Estie Kruger and Marc Tennant

Healthcare 2021, 9(9), 1129; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare9091129 - 30 Aug 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2674

Abstract

The aim of this review was to assess relevant global literature on capped-fee (CF) and fee-for-service (FFS) payment models as used by public dental services. Research data were assessed through the PRISMA check list and sourced from MEDLINE, PubMed, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, and [...] Read more.

The aim of this review was to assess relevant global literature on capped-fee (CF) and fee-for-service (FFS) payment models as used by public dental services. Research data were assessed through the PRISMA check list and sourced from MEDLINE, PubMed, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, and other methods. The inclusion criteria were peer reviewed articles published between 2004 and 2020 and (i) other countries’ health systems that were evaluated in contrast to Australia; (ii) care provided to individuals; (iii) payment models for private services that were the same as Australian government policy (CF and FFS); and (iv) care provided by dentists. We used a mixed methodology for data collection. A total of 262 references were reviewed with 10 references meeting the inclusion criteria with the quality rating being: three—strong, six—moderate, and one—weak. The literature included studies from Sweden (three references), Ireland (three references), United Kingdom (six references), United States of America (two references), and Norway (one reference). Four references included studies within multiple countries. The sample size varied between 20 and 106,874 participants. The two payment systems can impact on individual outcomes, such as by overtreatment in an FFS system and undertreatment in a CF system. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Child, Adolescent and Maternal Oral Health)

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9 pages, 225 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Child Fluoride Varnish Programs Implementation: A Consensus Workshop and Actions to Increase Scale-Up in Australia

by John Skinner, Yvonne Dimitropoulos, Woosung Sohn, Alexander Holden, Boe Rambaldini, Heiko Spallek, Rahila Ummer-Christian, Stuart Marshall, Kate Raymond, Tom Calma AO and Kylie Gwynne

Healthcare 2021, 9(8), 1029; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare9081029 - 11 Aug 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2722

Abstract

This paper presents the findings of the National Fluoride Varnish Workshop in 2018 along with subsequent actions to scale-up the use of fluoride varnish nationally in Australia. The use of fluoride varnish programs to prevent dental caries in high-risk child populations is an [...] Read more.

This paper presents the findings of the National Fluoride Varnish Workshop in 2018 along with subsequent actions to scale-up the use of fluoride varnish nationally in Australia. The use of fluoride varnish programs to prevent dental caries in high-risk child populations is an evidence-based population health approach used internationally. Such programs have not been implemented at scale nationally in Australia. A National Fluoride Varnish Consensus Workshop was held in Sydney in November 2018 with an aim of sharing the current work in this area being undertaken by various Australian jurisdictions and seeking consensus on key actions to improve the scale-up nationally. Forty-four people attended the Workshop with oral health representatives from all Australian state and territory health departments, as well as the Australian Dental Association (ADA) at both NSW branch and Federal levels. There was strong support for further scale-up of fluoride varnish programs nationally and to see the wider use of having non-dental professionals apply the varnish. This case study identifies key actions required to ensure scale-up of systematic fluoride varnish programs as part of a strategic population oral health approach to preventing dental caries among high-risk children who may not routinely access dental care. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Child, Adolescent and Maternal Oral Health)

9 pages, 922 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Biocompatibility of a New Erythritol-and Xyltol-Containing Fluoride Toothpaste

by Barbara Cvikl and Adrian Lussi

Healthcare 2021, 9(8), 935; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare9080935 - 25 Jul 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2407

Abstract

The basic function of toothpastes is biofilm removal in order to prevent caries and gingivitis. Toothpastes should provide maximal fluoride availability, optimal abrasivity, and ingredients that do not interfere with fluoride release but should have additional beneficial effects. Further, the effect on cells [...] Read more.

The basic function of toothpastes is biofilm removal in order to prevent caries and gingivitis. Toothpastes should provide maximal fluoride availability, optimal abrasivity, and ingredients that do not interfere with fluoride release but should have additional beneficial effects. Further, the effect on cells of the oral cavity is of the utmost importance. We investigated several biological parameters of a new toothpaste (AirFlow-AF) that contains fluoride, xylitol and erythritol but no sodium lauryl sulfate and compared them to commercially available toothpastes (Zendium-Ze, Sensodyne-Se, OdolMed-OM, OralB-OB). The half lethal concentration (LC50) as well as the proliferation behavior on gingival (GF), periodontal ligament (PDL), and mouse fibroblast cells (L929) were was tested. The mean LC50 values of AF on GF, PDL, and L929 were 16.2, 10.9, and 9.3, respectively. In comparison, the four other toothpastes showed mean LC50 values of 1.5 (OB), 1.2 (OM), 1.4 (Se), and 27.7 (Ze) on GF. Mean LC50 values on PDL and L929 were 1.0 and 0.2 (OB), 3.7 and 0.9 (OM), 1.2 and 0.6 (Se), and 25.4 and 5.6 (Ze), respectively. Proliferation behavior mainly confirmed the LC50 values. While cells after stimulation with AF returned to almost unimpaired proliferation behavior at 6%, cells were still strongly impaired after stimulation with all tested commercially toothpastes. AF showed high biocompatibility with different cell types. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Child, Adolescent and Maternal Oral Health)

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7 pages, 474 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigation of the Impact of Dental Care via Composite Resin Restoration among Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Registry-Based Nested Case–Control Study

by Chien-Jen Hu, Hui-Chieh Yu and Yu-Chao Chang

Healthcare 2021, 9(7), 803; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare9070803 - 25 Jun 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1350

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric conditions. Many studies have shown that exposure to low-dose bisphenol-A (BPA) can contribute to ADHD. The relationship between ADHD and composite resin is still unclear. We designed a nested case–control study [...] Read more.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric conditions. Many studies have shown that exposure to low-dose bisphenol-A (BPA) can contribute to ADHD. The relationship between ADHD and composite resin is still unclear. We designed a nested case–control study to investigate the relationship between ADHD and composite resin restorations among children from the Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. We included 85,503 people whose birth years were between 1998 and 2005 and who received resin restoration from January 2000 to December 2008. A 1:2 matched control sample without ADHD was randomly selected from the database by propensity score matching based on birth year and sex. We identified 4984 individuals as ADHD patients. The average diagnostic age of ADHD was 7.45 years old. The patients who received composite resin restorations had higher risk of ADHD than those who had never received them (aOR (adjusted odds ratio) = 1.25; 95% CI (confidence interval) = 1.13–1.38). Males had a higher risk of ADHD (aOR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.14–1.43). Taken together, this nested case–control study demonstrated a positive association between ADHD and dental care via composite resin restoration in Taiwanese children. Prospective clinical studies of the relationship between ADHD and composite resin are warranted. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Child, Adolescent and Maternal Oral Health)

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11 pages, 273 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Children’s Attitudes and Behaviors about Oral Health and Dental Practices

by Sara Costa Fernandes, Ana Louceiro, Luísa Bandeira Lopes, Francisco Esteves and Patrícia Arriaga

Healthcare 2021, 9(4), 416; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare9040416 - 04 Apr 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2358

Abstract

The present study sought to contribute to a better understanding of children’s attitudes and behaviors regarding oral health and dental practices. The sample was composed of 101 children (8–10 years), collected from several schools in the Lisbon metropolitan area. Our main goals were [...] Read more.

The present study sought to contribute to a better understanding of children’s attitudes and behaviors regarding oral health and dental practices. The sample was composed of 101 children (8–10 years), collected from several schools in the Lisbon metropolitan area. Our main goals were to collect a survey of information about the beliefs, attitudes, habits and knowledge of children about oral and dental issues in order to not only have an overview of them but also to serve as a basis and a starting point for the development of intervention programs to increase positive attitudes and behaviors related to oral health and promote greater knowledge about these subjects. In general, children reported positive behaviors regarding dental habits and oral hygiene practices. Children’s opinions and beliefs about dentists were also globally positive; however, the results suggested that younger children reported more positive attitudes, emotions and previous experiences. Regarding children’s knowledge about these dental issues, the results were quite negative and worrying, ruled by ignorance and incorrect beliefs and behaviors. In sum, all the results and conclusions of this study may contribute to the development of educational programs within the scope of the promotion of oral health and hygiene practices—“An Adventure about Oral Health.” Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Child, Adolescent and Maternal Oral Health)

Review

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16 pages, 508 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Progress of the New South Wales Aboriginal Oral Health Plan 2014–2020: A Scoping Review

by Ashwaq Maqbool, Charlotte Marie Selvaraj, Yinan Lu, John Skinner and Yvonne Dimitropoulos

Healthcare 2022, 10(4), 650; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare10040650 - 30 Mar 2022

Viewed by 2090

Abstract

There are major disparities in oral health between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The New South Wales (NSW) Aboriginal Oral Health Plan 2014–2020 was developed to improve the oral health of Aboriginal people. This scoping review [...] Read more.

There are major disparities in oral health between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The New South Wales (NSW) Aboriginal Oral Health Plan 2014–2020 was developed to improve the oral health of Aboriginal people. This scoping review describes programs that have been undertaken to implement the NSW Aboriginal Oral Health Plan 2014–2020. The methodology by Arksey and O’Malley was used to guide this review. Academic and grey literature were searched using a structured Medline, Lowitja and advanced Google searches. Articles were included if they aligned with the strategic directions of the Plan. Key information, including the aims of the study, methodology and results were recorded in a template on Microsoft Excel software. A total of 31 articles were included in this review. This included 25 articles from the academic literature and six initiatives from the grey literature. Included articles were categorised according to the six strategic directions in the NSW Aboriginal Oral Health Plan. Four studies were related to the first strategic direction, six related to strategic direction two, four related to strategic direction three, six initiatives related to strategic direction four, five related to strategic direction five, and eight related to strategic direction six. While there has been significant progress in achieving the strategic directions of the NSW Aboriginal Oral Health Plan, there is scope for continued collaboration between oral health service providers, universities and Aboriginal communities to improve oral health outcomes for Aboriginal people in NSW. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Child, Adolescent and Maternal Oral Health)

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