Journal Description
Inorganics
Inorganics
is an international, scientific, peer-reviewed, open access journal on inorganic chemistry published monthly online by MDPI.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), CAPlus / SciFinder, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q2 (Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear) / CiteScore - Q2 (Inorganic Chemistry)
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 12.8 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.9 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
- Testimonials: See what our authors say about Inorganics.
Impact Factor:
2.9 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
2.5 (2022)
Latest Articles
Review on Preparation of Perovskite Solar Cells by Pulsed Laser Deposition
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 128; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12050128 - 24 Apr 2024
Abstract
Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a simple and extremely versatile technique to grow thin films and nanomaterials from a wide variety of materials. Compared to traditional fabrication methods, PLD is a clean physical vapour deposition approach that avoids complicated chemical reactions and by-products,
[...] Read more.
Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a simple and extremely versatile technique to grow thin films and nanomaterials from a wide variety of materials. Compared to traditional fabrication methods, PLD is a clean physical vapour deposition approach that avoids complicated chemical reactions and by-products, achieving a precise stochiometric transfer of the target material onto the substrate and providing control over the film thickness. Halide perovskite materials have attracted extensive attention due to their excellent photoelectric and photovoltaic properties. In this paper, we present an overview of the fundamental and practical aspects of PLD. The properties and preparation methods of the halide perovskite materials are briefly discussed. Finally, we will elaborate on recent research on the preparation of perovskite solar cells by PLD, summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the PLD preparation, and prospect the all-vacuum PLD-grown solar cells in a full solar cell structure.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Semiconductor Materials for Energy Conversion)
Open AccessArticle
Construction of Zn0.5Cd0.5S/Bi4O5Br2 Heterojunction for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride
by
Lan Luo, Juan Shen and Bo Jin
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 127; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12050127 - 24 Apr 2024
Abstract
The development of efficient catalysts with visible light response for the removal of pollutants in an aqueous environment has been a hotspot in the field of photocatalysis research. A Zn0.5Cd0.5S (ZCS) nanoparticle/Bi4O5Br2 ultra-thin nanosheet
[...] Read more.
The development of efficient catalysts with visible light response for the removal of pollutants in an aqueous environment has been a hotspot in the field of photocatalysis research. A Zn0.5Cd0.5S (ZCS) nanoparticle/Bi4O5Br2 ultra-thin nanosheet heterojunction was constructed by ultrasound-assisted solvothermal method. The morphology, structure, and optoelectronic properties of the composite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra. Under simulated visible light illumination, the photocatalytic performance was evaluated through degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride. Results show that the degradation effect by the optimum ZCS/Bi4O5Br2 catalyst is superior to pure materials with the kinetic constant that is 1.7 and 9.6 times higher than those of Bi4O5Br2 and ZCS, and also has better stability and reusability. Trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance tests find that free radicals in the photocatalytic system are superoxide radicals and holes. This work provides a referable idea for the development of more efficient and recyclable photocatalysts.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Inorganic Materials)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Molten Bismuth–Bismuth/Zinc Oxide Composites for High-Temperature Thermal Energy Storage
by
Cristina Maria Vladut, Daniel Lincu, Daniela Berger, Cristian Matei and Raul-Augustin Mitran
Inorganics 2024, 12(5), 126; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12050126 - 23 Apr 2024
Abstract
Thermal energy storage is at the leading edge of various applications, including waste heat recovery, solar storage and zero-energy buildings. Phase change materials (PCMs) can be utilized to store heat through reversible solid–liquid phase transitions. PCMs provide high energy storage capacity at a
[...] Read more.
Thermal energy storage is at the leading edge of various applications, including waste heat recovery, solar storage and zero-energy buildings. Phase change materials (PCMs) can be utilized to store heat through reversible solid–liquid phase transitions. PCMs provide high energy storage capacity at a constant temperature. The volume change during the phase transition, on the other hand, causes inconsistency in crystallization and leakage, increasing the system’s complexity and shortening the lifetime of these materials. These shortcomings can be diminished by impregnation in a porous matrix or encapsulation with an inert shell, resulting in shape-stabilized PCMs that maintain their macroscopic shape during phase change. The synthesis and properties of Bi/ZnO nanocomposites were investigated in order to obtain shape-stabilized phase change materials. All samples consisted of metallic Bi and oxide, doped with 1–3% at. zinc. Heat storage capacities between 31 and 49 Jg−1 were obtained, depending on the mass fraction of the metal. All samples had good thermal reliability, retaining their heat storage properties after 50 consecutive heating–cooling cycles. An average oxide layer thickness of 75–100 nm is sufficient to prevent the molten metal leakage at temperatures above its melting point, resulting in shape-stabilized PCMs.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Functional Ceramics)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Electrochemical Investigation of Lithium Perchlorate-Doped Polypyrrole Growing on Titanium Substrate
by
Yibing Xie, Jing Xu, Lu Lu and Chi Xia
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 125; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040125 - 22 Apr 2024
Abstract
Lithium perchlorate-doped polypyrrole growing on titanium substrate (LiClO4-PPy/Ti) has been fabricated to act as electroactive electrode material for feasible electrochemical energy storage. A theoretical and experimental investigation is adopted to disclose the conductivity, electroactivity properties and interfacial interaction-dependent capacitance of LiClO
[...] Read more.
Lithium perchlorate-doped polypyrrole growing on titanium substrate (LiClO4-PPy/Ti) has been fabricated to act as electroactive electrode material for feasible electrochemical energy storage. A theoretical and experimental investigation is adopted to disclose the conductivity, electroactivity properties and interfacial interaction-dependent capacitance of LiClO4-PPy/Ti electrode. The experimental measurement results disclose that LiClO4-PPy/Ti reveals lower ohmic resistance (0.2226 Ω cm−2) and charge transfer resistance (2116 Ω cm−2) to exhibit higher electrochemical conductivity, a more reactive surface, and feasible ion diffusion to present higher double-layer capacitance (0.1930 mF cm−2) rather than LiClO4/Ti (0.3660 Ω cm−2, 65,250 Ω cm−2, 0.0334 mF cm−2). LiClO4-PPy/Ti reveals higher Faradaic capacitance caused by the reversible doping and dedoping process of perchlorate ion on PPy than the electrical double-layer capacitance of LiClO4/Ti caused by the reversible adsorption and desorption process of the LiClO4 electrolyte on Ti. Theoretical simulation calculation results prove that a more intensive electrostatic interaction of pyrrole N···Ti (2.450 Å) in LiClO4-PPy/Ti rather than perchlorate O···Ti (3.537 Å) in LiClO4/Ti. LiClO4-PPy/Ti exhibits higher density of states (57.321 electrons/eV) at Fermi energy and lower HOMO-LUMO molecule orbital energy gap (0.032 eV) than LiClO4/Ti (9.652 electrons/eV, 0.340 eV) to present the enhanced electronic conductivity. LiClO4-PPy/Ti also exhibits a more declined interface energy (−1.461 × 104) than LiClO4/Ti (−5.202 × 103 eV) to present the intensified interfacial interaction. LiClO4-PPy/Ti accordingly exhibits much higher specific capacitances of 0.123~0.0122 mF cm−2 at current densities of 0.01~0.10 mA cm−2 rather than LiClO4/Ti (0.010~0.0095 mF cm−2, presenting superior electroactivity and electrochemical capacitance properties. LiClO4-PPy/Ti could well act as the electroactive supercapacitor electrode for feasible energy storage.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inorganic Electrode Materials in High-Performance Energy Storage Devices)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessReview
An Old Material for a New World: Prussian Blue and Its Analogues as Catalysts for Modern Needs
by
Isabella Concina
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 124; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040124 - 22 Apr 2024
Abstract
Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) have recently emerged as effective materials in different functional applications, ranging from energy storage to electrochemical water splitting, thence to more “traditional” heterogeneous catalysis. Their versatility is due to their open framework, compositional variety, and fast and efficient internal
[...] Read more.
Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) have recently emerged as effective materials in different functional applications, ranging from energy storage to electrochemical water splitting, thence to more “traditional” heterogeneous catalysis. Their versatility is due to their open framework, compositional variety, and fast and efficient internal charge exchange, coupled with a self-healing ability that makes them unique. This review paper presents and discusses the findings of the last decade in the field of the catalytic and photocatalytic application of PBAs in water remediation (via the degradation of organic pollutants and heavy metal removal) and the catalytic oxidation of organics and production or organic intermediates for industrial synthesis. Analysis of the catalytic processes is approached from a critical perspective, highlighting both the achievements of the research community and the limits still affecting this field.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Biological and Catalytic Applications of Metal Complexes)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
SCAPS-1D Simulation for Device Optimization to Improve Efficiency in Lead-Free CsSnI3 Perovskite Solar Cells
by
Hyun-Jae Park, Hyojung Son and Byoung-Seong Jeong
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 123; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040123 - 21 Apr 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
In this study, a novel systematic analysis was conducted to explore the impact of various parameters, including acceptor density (NA), individual layer thickness, defect density, interface defect density, and the metal electrode work function, on efficiency within the FTO/ZnO/CsSnI3/NiO
[...] Read more.
In this study, a novel systematic analysis was conducted to explore the impact of various parameters, including acceptor density (NA), individual layer thickness, defect density, interface defect density, and the metal electrode work function, on efficiency within the FTO/ZnO/CsSnI3/NiOx/Au perovskite solar cell structure through the SCAPS-1D (Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator in 1 Dimension) simulation. ZnO served as the electron transport layer (ETL), CsSnI3 as the perovskite absorption layer (PAL), and NiOx as the hole transport layer (HTL), all contributing to the optimization of device performance. To achieve the optimal power conversion efficiency (PCE), we determined the ideal PAL acceptor density (NA) to be 2 × 1019 cm−3 and the optimal thicknesses to be 20 nm for the ETL (ZnO), 700 nm for the PAL (CsSnI3), and 10 nm for the HTL (NiOx), with the metal electrode remaining as Au. As a result of the optimization process, efficiency increased from 11.89% to 23.84%. These results are expected to contribute to the performance enhancement of eco-friendly, lead-free inorganic hybrid solar cells with Sn-based perovskite as the PAL.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Hypercoordinating Stannanes with C,N-Donor Ligands: A Structural, Computational, and Polymerization Study
by
Gloria M. D’Amaral, Desiree N. Bender, Nicola Piccolo, Alan J. Lough, Robert A. Gossage, Daniel A. Foucher and R. Stephen Wylie
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 122; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040122 - 18 Apr 2024
Abstract
Select triphenyl stannanes bearing either a formally sp2 or sp3 hybridized amine, viz 2-(pyC2H4)SnPh3 (2: py = pyridinyl), 4-(pyC2H4)SnPh3 (3), 2-(pzC2H4)SnPh3 (
[...] Read more.
Select triphenyl stannanes bearing either a formally sp2 or sp3 hybridized amine, viz 2-(pyC2H4)SnPh3 (2: py = pyridinyl), 4-(pyC2H4)SnPh3 (3), 2-(pzC2H4)SnPh3 (4: pz = pyrazyl), and Me2N(CH2)3SnPh3 (6), were prepared and characterized by NMR spectroscopy (119Sn, 13C, 1H), and additionally, in the case of 2, by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Bromination of 2 to yield 2-(pyC2H4)SnPhBr2 (8) was achieved in good yield. X-ray crystallographic analysis of 8 revealed two unique molecules with 5-coordinate Sn centers featuring Sn-N distances of 2.382 (5) and 2.363 (5) Å, respectively. The calculated structures of the non- and hypercoordinating C,N-stannanes (1–9) were in good agreement with available crystallographic data. The relative stabilities of hyper- and non-hypercoordinating conformers obtained from conformational sampling were determined by comparison with reference conformers and by natural bond orbital (NBO) energetic analyses. Reduction of 8 to the dihydride species, 2-(pyC2H4)SnPhH2 (9), and subsequent conversion to the polystannane, -[2-(pyC2H4)SnPh]n- (15), by transition metal-catalyzed dehydropolymerization was also achieved. Evidence for the decomposition of 15 into a redistributed distannoxane, {2-(pyC2H4)SnPh2}2O (16), was also observed.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Organometallic Chemistry 2024)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) Utilizing Banana Peel Extract
by
Mohammed Qahtan Al-Khaial, Siok Yee Chan, Rund A. Abu-Zurayk and Nour Alnairat
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 121; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040121 - 18 Apr 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
In recent years, there has been a significant focus on the green synthetization of metal oxide nanoparticles due to their environmentally friendly features and cost-effectiveness. The aim of this study is to biosynthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) through a green method, utilizing
[...] Read more.
In recent years, there has been a significant focus on the green synthetization of metal oxide nanoparticles due to their environmentally friendly features and cost-effectiveness. The aim of this study is to biosynthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) through a green method, utilizing crude banana peel extract as reducing and capping agents, to characterize the synthesized ZnO NPs and test their antibacterial activity. ZnO NPs were biosynthesized using the peel extract of banana with various concentrations of zinc acetate dihydrate salt, followed by annealing at 400 °C for 2 h. The synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), attenuated total reflectance–Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Also, its antibacterial efficiency against different bacterial strains was tested. ZnO NPs were biosynthesized successfully using the extract of Musa Acumniata (cavendish) fruit peel with a UV-Vis wavelength range of 344 to 369 nm and an electrical band gap ranging from 3.36 to 3.61 eV. The size varied from 27 ± 4 nm to 89 ± 22, and the negative zeta potential (ζ) ranged from −14.72 ± 0.77 to −7.43 ± 0.35 mV. ATR-FTIR analysis showed that the extract phytochemical functional groups were present on ZnO NPs. XRD results confirm the formation of a highly pure wurtzite hexagonal structure of ZnO NPs. Moreover, the best obtained size of ZnO NPs was selected for the antibacterial tests, giving the highest inhibition growth rate against Staphylococcus epidermidis (98.6 ± 0.9%), while the lowest rate was against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (88.4 ± 4.4%). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were reported and compared to previous studies. The unique properties of greenly synthesized ZnO NPs and their antibacterial activity have potential for reducing environmental pollution and the use of antibiotics, which may contribute to solving the problem of bacterial resistance. Therefore, studies that aim to design an applicable dosage form loaded with biosynthesized ZnO NPs might be conducted in the future.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Effect of TiC Particles on the Properties of Copper Matrix Composites
by
Zhenjie Zhai, Haitao Dong, Denghui Li, Zhe Wang, Changfei Sun and Cong Chen
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 120; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040120 - 17 Apr 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
In this study, TiC particle-reinforced Cu-based composites were prepared by powder metallurgy and spark plasma sintering (SPS) techniques. The mechanical and electrical properties of TiC/Cu composites were analyzed in conjunction with micro-morphology. The results showed that: TiC was fully diffused in the Cu
[...] Read more.
In this study, TiC particle-reinforced Cu-based composites were prepared by powder metallurgy and spark plasma sintering (SPS) techniques. The mechanical and electrical properties of TiC/Cu composites were analyzed in conjunction with micro-morphology. The results showed that: TiC was fully diffused in the Cu matrix at a sintering temperature of 900 °C. The micron-sized TiC particles were most uniformly distributed in the Cu matrix and had the best performance. At this time, the densification of 5 wt.% TiC/Cu composites reached 97.19%, and the conductivity, hardness, and compressive yield strength were 11.47 MS·m−1, 112.9 HV, and 162 MPa, respectively. The effect of TiC content on the overall properties of the composites was investigated at a sintering temperature of 900 °C. The TiC content of the composites was also found to have a significant influence on the overall properties of the composites. The best performance of the composites was obtained when the TiC mass fraction was 10%. The average values of density, hardness, yield strength and conductivity of the 10 wt.% TiC/Cu composites were 90.07%, 128.3 HV, 272 MPa and 9.98 MS·m−1, respectively. The yield strength was 272 MPa, and the compressive strain was 38.8%. With the increase in TiC content, although the yield strength increased, the brittleness increased due to more weak interfaces in the composites.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Fe3O4-ZnO:V Nanocomposites with Modulable Properties as Magnetic Recoverable Photocatalysts
by
Ana Varadi, Cristian Leostean, Maria Stefan, Adriana Popa, Dana Toloman, Stela Pruneanu, Septimiu Tripon and Sergiu Macavei
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 119; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040119 - 17 Apr 2024
Abstract
Since semiconductor-based photocatalysis uses solar energy as a free and sustainable energy source and inoffensive photocatalysts, it has been found to be a promising green approach to eliminating dyes, antibiotics, and other pharmaceuticals from water that has been contaminated. In this study, a
[...] Read more.
Since semiconductor-based photocatalysis uses solar energy as a free and sustainable energy source and inoffensive photocatalysts, it has been found to be a promising green approach to eliminating dyes, antibiotics, and other pharmaceuticals from water that has been contaminated. In this study, a distinctive magnetic separable Fe3O4-ZnO:V photocatalyst is reported. ZnO:V semiconductors have been produced by seed-assisted growth over preformed magnetite to develop Fe3O4-ZnO:V nanocomposites. The results indicated nanocomposites with the structure of Fe3O4, ZnO:V, according to the findings of the XRD, XPS, and HRTEM investigations. Additionally, magnetic studies revealed at room temperature, the nanocomposite exhibited superparamagnetic properties. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was employed to characterize the ability of the Fe3O4-ZnO:V nanocomposites to transfer electrons. Furthermore, the impact of dopant on optical characteristics was evaluated. When exposed to rhodamine B (RhB), all the samples exhibited photocatalytic activity. Through the use of an ESR experiment and the spin-trapping technique, the existence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the solid–liquid interface was demonstrated, and their impact on the samples’ photocatalytic activity was highlighted. After recycling, XRD, XPS, and SEM were performed to illustrate the stability of the material. The impact of V doping on the morphologic, structural, and compositional properties of magnetically separable Fe3O4-ZnO:V composite nanoparticles for photocatalytic applications is the innovative aspect of our work.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Materials and Their Applications)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Hybrid Siloxane Materials Based on a Mutually Reactive Epoxy–Amine System: Synthesis, Structure, and Thermal Stability Investigations
by
Maria Emiliana Fortună, Maria Ignat, Niţă Tudorachi, Elena Ungureanu, Răzvan Rotaru and Valeria Harabagiu
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 118; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040118 - 17 Apr 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Hybrid siloxane materials based on a mutually reactive epoxy–amine system are organic-inorganic hybrid materials synthesized via the sol–gel reaction of siloxane precursors, followed by the polymerization of organo-functionalized oligosiloxanes. Therefore, using a new hybrid system as the reaction product resulting from the reaction
[...] Read more.
Hybrid siloxane materials based on a mutually reactive epoxy–amine system are organic-inorganic hybrid materials synthesized via the sol–gel reaction of siloxane precursors, followed by the polymerization of organo-functionalized oligosiloxanes. Therefore, using a new hybrid system as the reaction product resulting from the reaction between 1,3-bis(3-glycidoxypropyl)-l, 1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane—C16H34O5Si2—(gp-DS) and p-phenylenediamine—C6H4(NH2)2—(PPD), an aromatic diamine, was obtained. The chemical structure of the synthesized hybrid siloxane material was confirmed via Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The morphology and surface chemical composition was highlighted via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an EDX elemental analysis system. Further, the thermal stabilities of the prepared hybrid siloxane and its precursors have been investigated via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), proving the modification of epoxy-functional disiloxanes with a paraphenylenediamine reagent that made it possible to produce hybrid siloxane materials with very good thermal stabilities and dual weak hydrophilic/hydrophobic surfaces.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Improving Zinc-Ion Batteries’ Performance: The Role of Nitrogen Doping in V2O3/C Cathodes
by
He Lin, Huanhuan Cheng and Yu Zhang
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 117; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040117 - 16 Apr 2024
Abstract
This study presents the synthesis and electrochemical evaluation of nitrogen-doped vanadium oxide (N−V2O3/C) as a cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), using a hydrothermal method. Compared to undoped V2O3/C, N−V2O3/C
[...] Read more.
This study presents the synthesis and electrochemical evaluation of nitrogen-doped vanadium oxide (N−V2O3/C) as a cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), using a hydrothermal method. Compared to undoped V2O3/C, N−V2O3/C exhibits enhanced electrical conductivity, capacity, and electrochemical kinetics, attributed to the incorporation of pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen. The initial charge–discharge cycles indicate phase transitions to amorphous vanadium oxides, enhancing conductivity. N−V2O3/C shows a high specific capacity of 168.4 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 and remarkable reversibility, highlighted by the transient existence of intermediate species during cycling. Optimal electrochemical performance is achieved with a vanadium-to-nitrogen molar ratio of 2:3, indicating the significant impact of the nitrogen doping concentration on the material’s efficiency. This work underscores the potential of N−V2O3/C as a superior cathode material for AZIBs.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Electrode Materials for Energy Storage Devices)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Synthesis and Application Insights of New Phosphate Materials A2MnP2O7 (A = Na, K, Li) as Corrosion Inhibitors
by
Oumaima Moumouche, Hammadi El Harmouchi, Safae Alami, Moussa Ouakki, Redouane Khaoulaf, Khalid Brouzi, Mohamed Ebn Touhami, Hassane Lgaz and Mohamed Harcharras
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 116; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040116 - 16 Apr 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
This study comprehensively characterizes synthesized phosphate materials, specifically A2MnP2O7 (where A represents Na, K, or Li), utilizing the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy techniques. The XRD results corroborate the crystalline nature of these compounds, while the
[...] Read more.
This study comprehensively characterizes synthesized phosphate materials, specifically A2MnP2O7 (where A represents Na, K, or Li), utilizing the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy techniques. The XRD results corroborate the crystalline nature of these compounds, while the IR spectra disclose pivotal structural characteristics, including the bent geometry of the POP bridge. A significant observation is the mismatch of specific IR bands, suggesting a non-centrosymmetric arrangement in the A2MnP2O7 crystal lattice. The synthesized materials were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel (MS) in 3 wt.% NaCl. Electrochemical assessments indicate that these materials act as mixed-type inhibitors, demonstrating high inhibition efficiencies (η%), reaching peak values of 88.3% for Na2MnP2O7, 87% for K2MnP2O7, and 86.7% for Li2MnP2O7 at a concentration of 10−3 mol/L. The study also elucidates the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters dictating the inhibition phenomena. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the surface morphology of mild steel in the presence of these inhibitors.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Synthesis, Properties, and Electrochemistry of bis(iminophosphorane)pyridine Iron(II) Pincer Complexes
by
Nicolás Sánchez López, Erick Nuñez Bahena, Alexander D. Ryabov, Pierre Sutra, Alain Igau and Ronan Le Lagadec
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 115; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040115 - 16 Apr 2024
Abstract
Iron derivatives have emerged as valuable catalysts for a variety of transformations, as well as for biological and photophysical applications, and iminophosphorane can be considered an ideal ligand scaffold for modulating electronic and steric parameters in transition metal complexes. In this report, we
[...] Read more.
Iron derivatives have emerged as valuable catalysts for a variety of transformations, as well as for biological and photophysical applications, and iminophosphorane can be considered an ideal ligand scaffold for modulating electronic and steric parameters in transition metal complexes. In this report, we aimed to synthesize dichloride and dibromide iron(II) complexes supported by symmetric bis(iminophosphorane)pyridine ligands, starting from readily available ferrous halides. The ease of synthesis of this class of ligands served to access several derivatives with distinct electronic and steric properties imparted by the phosphine moiety. The ligands and the resulting iron(II) complexes were characterized by 31P and 1H NMR spectroscopy and DART or ESI mass spectrometry. While none of these iron(II) complexes could be characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, suitable crystals of a µ-O bridged dinuclear iron complex bearing an iminophosphorane ligand were obtained, confirming a κ3 binding motif. The bis(iminophosphorane)pyridine ligands in the obtained iron(II) complexes are labile, as demonstrated by their facile substitution by terpyridine. Cyclic voltammetry studies revealed that the oxidation of bis(iminophosphorane)pyridine iron(II) complexes to iron(III) species is quasi-reversible, suggesting the strong thermodynamic stabilization of the iron(III) center imparted by the σ-donating iminophosphorane ligands.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal Complexes Diversity: Synthesis, Conformations, and Bioactivity)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, and Structural Modelling of Di- and Trinuclear Iron(III) Monensinates with Different Bridging Patterns
by
Nikolay Petkov, Alia Tadjer, Svetlana Simova, Zara Cherkezova-Zheleva, Daniela Paneva, Radostina Stoyanova, Rositsa Kukeva, Petar Dorkov and Ivayla Pantcheva
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 114; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040114 - 15 Apr 2024
Abstract
In the present study, we report the solid-state isolation and structural characterization of novel iron(III) complexes of the veterinary antibiotic monensin. Monensic acid (MonH × H2O) forms a dinuclear complex of composition with FeCl3 [FeCl(Mon)2]2 (1
[...] Read more.
In the present study, we report the solid-state isolation and structural characterization of novel iron(III) complexes of the veterinary antibiotic monensin. Monensic acid (MonH × H2O) forms a dinuclear complex of composition with FeCl3 [FeCl(Mon)2]2 (1), while its interaction with FeSO4 leads to the isolation of a triangular oxo-ferric coordination species [Fe3O(Mon × H2O)6(H2O)2(OH)] (2). During the procedure resulting in 2, oxidation of the Fe(II) ions by atmospheric oxygen was observed. In the presence of organic bases, both complexation reactions proceeded to successfully deprotonate the carboxylic function of the ligand. Iron(III) complexes 1 and 2 were characterized by IR, EPR, NMR, and Mössbauer spectroscopies as well as with thermal (TG-DTA/MS) and elemental analyses. In addition, the structures of the two coordination compounds were modelled and selected calculated parameters were compared with the experimental results. The biological assay revealed the enhanced antibacterial potential of the newly obtained complexes against the Gram-positive aerobic microorganisms Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal Complexes Diversity: Synthesis, Conformations, and Bioactivity)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Functionalization of Na2Ca2Si3O9/Ca8Si5O18 Nanostructures with Chitosan and Terephthalaldehyde Crosslinked Chitosan for Effective Elimination of Pb(II) Ions from Aqueous Media
by
Eida S. Al-Farraj, Abdullah N. Alotaibi, Ehab A. Abdelrahman, Fawaz A. Saad, Khalil ur Rehman, Faisal K. Algethami and Reem K. Shah
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 113; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040113 - 15 Apr 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Lead poses significant health risks to humans, including neurological and developmental impairments, particularly in children. Additionally, lead pollution in the environment can contaminate soil, water, and air, endangering wildlife and ecosystems. Therefore, this study reports the straightforward fabrication of Na2Ca2
[...] Read more.
Lead poses significant health risks to humans, including neurological and developmental impairments, particularly in children. Additionally, lead pollution in the environment can contaminate soil, water, and air, endangering wildlife and ecosystems. Therefore, this study reports the straightforward fabrication of Na2Ca2Si3O9/Ca8Si5O18 nanostructures (NaCaSilicate) utilizing a sol-gel technique. Additionally, the produced nanostructures underwent further modification with chitosan (CS@NaCaSilicate) and chitosan crosslinked with terephthalaldehyde (CCS@NaCaSilicate), resulting in new nanocomposite materials. These samples were developed to efficiently extract Pb(II) ions from aqueous media through complexation and ion exchange mechanisms. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb(II) ions by the NaCaSilicate, CS@NaCaSilicate, and CCS@NaCaSilicate samples is 185.53, 245.70, and 359.71 mg/g, respectively. The uptake of Pb(II) ions was characterized as spontaneous, exothermic, and chemical, with the best description provided by the Langmuir equilibrium isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Furthermore, a 9 M hydrochloric acid solution effectively eliminated Pb(II) ions from the synthesized samples, attaining a desorption efficacy surpassing 99%. Additionally, the fabricated samples exhibited efficient reusability across five successive cycles of adsorption and desorption for capturing Pb(II) ions.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Structure, Properties, and Preparation of MXene and the Application of Its Composites in Supercapacitors
by
Mingming Sun, Wen Ye, Jingyao Zhang and Kaining Zheng
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 112; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040112 - 12 Apr 2024
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) are emerging members of the two-dimensional material family, obtained by removing the A layer of the MAX phase through methods such as liquid-phase etching. This article summarizes the structure and properties of MXenes, as well as several preparation
[...] Read more.
Two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) are emerging members of the two-dimensional material family, obtained by removing the A layer of the MAX phase through methods such as liquid-phase etching. This article summarizes the structure and properties of MXenes, as well as several preparation methods, including etching with hydrofluoric acid and fluoride salts, alkali-based etching, electrochemical etching, Lewis acid molten salt etching, and direct synthesis. Due to their unique two-dimensional structure and surface chemistry, MXenes exhibit good metallic conductivity, hydrophilicity, excellent flexibility, and ion intercalation properties, showing great potential in the research and application of supercapacitors and attracting widespread attention. The combination of MXene with other types of materials, including polymers, metal hydroxides, metal oxides, and carbon materials, takes advantage of composites to improve energy storage performance and shows great potential in the research and application of supercapacitors. This article provides a detailed summary of MXene composite materials and capacitor performance and introduces the research progress of MXene materials in the field of supercapacitor energy storage applications, aiming to provide references for the preparation of high-performance MXene supercapacitor electrode materials.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Energy Storage and Conversion)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
‘Charge Reverse’ Halogen Bonding Contacts in Metal-Organic Multi-Component Compounds: Antiproliferative Evaluation and Theoretical Studies
by
Subham Banik, Trishnajyoti Baishya, Rosa M. Gomila, Antonio Frontera, Miquel Barcelo-Oliver, Akalesh K. Verma, Jumi Das and Manjit K. Bhattacharyya
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 111; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040111 - 09 Apr 2024
Abstract
Two new metal–organic multi-component compounds of Ni(II) and Co(II), viz. [Ni(3-CNpy)2(H2O)4]ADS·2.75H2O (1) and [Co(3-CNpy)2(H2O)4](4-ClbzSO3)2 (2) (3-CNpy = 3-cyanopyridine, ADS = anthraquinone-1,5-disulfonate, 4-ClbzSO
[...] Read more.
Two new metal–organic multi-component compounds of Ni(II) and Co(II), viz. [Ni(3-CNpy)2(H2O)4]ADS·2.75H2O (1) and [Co(3-CNpy)2(H2O)4](4-ClbzSO3)2 (2) (3-CNpy = 3-cyanopyridine, ADS = anthraquinone-1,5-disulfonate, 4-ClbzSO3 = 4-chlorobenzenesulfonate), were synthesized and characterized using single crystal XRD, TGA, spectroscopic (IR, electronic) and elemental analyses. Both the compounds crystallize as multi-component compounds of Ni(II) and Co(II), with uncoordinated ADS and 4-ClbzSO3 moieties in the crystal lattice, respectively. Crystal structure analyses revealed the presence of antiparallel nitrile···nitrile and π-stacked assemblies involving alternate coordinated 3-CNpy and uncoordinated ADS and 4-ClbzSO3 moieties. Moreover, unconventional charge reverse Cl∙∙∙N halogen bonding contacts observed in compound 2 provide additional reinforcement to the crystal structure. Theoretical calculations confirm that the H-bonding interactions, along with anion–π(arene) and anion–π(CN) in 1 and π–π, antiparallel CN···CN and charge reverse Cl···N halogen bonds in 2, play crucial roles in the solid state stability of the compounds. In vitro anticancer activities observed through the trypan blue cell cytotoxicity assay reveal that the compounds induce significant concentration dependent cytotoxicity in Dalton’s lymphoma (DL) cancer cells, with nominal effects in normal healthy cells. Molecular docking studies reveal that the compounds can effectively bind with the active sites of anti-apoptotic proteins, which are actively involved in cancer progression.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Based Compounds: Relevance for the Biomedical Field)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Inclusion Complexes between β-Cyclodextrin and Gaseous Substances—N2O, CO2, HCN, NO2, SO2, CH4 and CH3CH2CH3: Role of the Host’s Cavity Hydration
by
Todor Dudev and Tony Spassov
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 110; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040110 - 09 Apr 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
The thermodynamic aspects of the process of inclusion complex formation between β-cyclodextrin (acting as a host) and gaseous substances (guests; N2O, CO2, NO2, SO2, HCN, CH4, CH3CH2CH3)
[...] Read more.
The thermodynamic aspects of the process of inclusion complex formation between β-cyclodextrin (acting as a host) and gaseous substances (guests; N2O, CO2, NO2, SO2, HCN, CH4, CH3CH2CH3) are studied by employing well-calibrated and tested density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This study sheds new light on the intimate mechanism of the β-cyclodextrin/gas complex formation and answers several intriguing questions: how the polarity and size of the guest molecule influence the complexation thermodynamics; which process of encapsulation by the host macrocycle is more advantageous—insertion to the central cavity without hydration water displacement or guest binding accompanied by a displacement of water molecule(s); what the major factors governing the formation of the complex between β-cyclodextrin and gaseous substances are. The special role that the cluster of water molecules inside the host’s internal cavity plays in the encapsulation process is emphasized.
Full article
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Catalytic Conversion of Jatropha curcas Oil to Biodiesel Using Mussel Shell-Derived Catalyst: Characterization, Stability, and Comparative Study
by
Manal E. Shafi, Halimah A. Alsabi, Suad H. Almasoudi, Faten A. M. Mufti, Safaa A. Alowaidi and Alaa A. Alaswad
Inorganics 2024, 12(4), 109; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/inorganics12040109 - 08 Apr 2024
Abstract
Biodiesel represents a promising solution for sustainable energy needs, offering an eco-friendly alternative to conventional fossil fuels. In this research, we investigate the use of a catalyst derived from mussel shells to facilitate biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas oil. Our findings from X-ray
[...] Read more.
Biodiesel represents a promising solution for sustainable energy needs, offering an eco-friendly alternative to conventional fossil fuels. In this research, we investigate the use of a catalyst derived from mussel shells to facilitate biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas oil. Our findings from X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis emphasize the importance of carefully selecting calcination temperatures for mussel shell-based catalysts, with 1100 °C identified as optimal for maximizing CaO content. We identify a reaction time of 6 h as potentially optimal, with a reaction temperature of approximately 110 °C yielding the desired methyl ester composition. Notably, a methanol-to-oil ratio of 18:1 is the most favorable condition, and the optimal methyl ester composition is achieved at a calcined catalyst temperature of 900 °C. We also assess the stability of the catalyst, demonstrating its potential for reuse up to five times. Additionally, a thorough analysis of J. curcas Methyl Ester (JCME) biodiesel properties confirmed compliance with industry standards, with variations attributed to the unique characteristics of JCME. Comparing homogeneous (NaOH) and heterogeneous (CaO) catalysts highlights the potential of environmentally sourced heterogeneous catalysts to replace their homogeneous counterparts while maintaining efficiency. Our study presents a novel approach to sustainable biodiesel production, outlining optimal conditions and catalyst stability and highlighting additional benefits compared with NaOH catalysts. Therefore, utilizing mussel shell waste for catalyst synthesis can efficiently eliminate waste and produce cost-effective catalysts.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Organometallic Chemistry)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Journal Menu
► ▼ Journal Menu-
- Inorganics Home
- Aims & Scope
- Editorial Board
- Reviewer Board
- Topical Advisory Panel
- Instructions for Authors
- Special Issues
- Topics
- Sections & Collections
- Article Processing Charge
- Indexing & Archiving
- Editor’s Choice Articles
- Most Cited & Viewed
- Journal Statistics
- Journal History
- Journal Awards
- Conferences
- Editorial Office
Journal Browser
► ▼ Journal BrowserHighly Accessed Articles
Latest Books
E-Mail Alert
News
Topics
Topic in
Catalysts, Chemistry, Inorganics, Molbank, Molecules, Polymers
Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis
Topic Editors: Sabine Berteina-Raboin, Thierry Besson, Patrick RollinDeadline: 30 November 2024
Topic in
Catalysts, Crystals, Inorganics, Materials, Molecules, Solids
Advances in Inorganic Synthesis
Topic Editors: Andrei V. Shevelkov, Maxim N. SokolovDeadline: 31 December 2024
Topic in
Chemistry, Inorganics, Molecules, IJMS
Recent Advances in Coumarin Derivatives and Their Metal Complexes
Topic Editors: Dušan Dimić, Edina Avdović, Dejan MilenkovićDeadline: 28 February 2025
Conferences
Special Issues
Special Issue in
Inorganics
Recent Highlights Using Cobalt Catalysis
Guest Editor: Liene GrigorjevaDeadline: 30 April 2024
Special Issue in
Inorganics
Recent Advances in Energy Storage and Conversion
Guest Editor: Qingguo ShaoDeadline: 30 May 2024
Special Issue in
Inorganics
Mixed Metal Oxides II
Guest Editor: Aivaras KareivaDeadline: 25 June 2024
Special Issue in
Inorganics
Novel Functional Ceramics
Guest Editors: Ana-Maria Mocioiu, Oana-Cătălina MocioiuDeadline: 20 July 2024
Topical Collections
Topical Collection in
Inorganics
Coordination Complexes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSCs)
Collection Editor: Catherine Housecroft