Functional Connectivity and Cognition in Aging and Neurocognitive Disorders

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Physiology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (12 May 2023) | Viewed by 2402

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Basic Medical Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
Interests: mild cognitive impairment; neurocognitive disorders; aging continuum; brain activity; cognition

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Guest Editor
Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit, Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs Department "Aldo Moro" University, Bari, Italy
Interests: neuropsychology; psychophysiology and signal analysis in neurodegenerative disease
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The incremental aging of the world's population poses several challenges for the study of human brain functioning and cognition. Indeed, longer life expectancies may lead to the onset of neurodegenerative diseases and clinical manifestations of age-associated neurocognitive decline. In recent years, various lines of research have focused on detecting both diagnostic and prognostic markers of dementia, contributing to the prediction of cognitive impairment trajectories over the lifespan and to the prevention/mitigation of early symptoms. Among these, proxies of brain/cognitive reserve and brain maintenance are gaining wide scientific interest, along with mediators and predictors of deterioration in mid- and late-life. Indeed, such factors can support estimates of possible or probable conversions from a stage of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to overt dementia. Overall, the study of neural connectivity patterns and neuropsychological profiles is based on different models and techniques that may account for the multiplicity and magnitude of modifiable risk factors of dementia. However, brain mechanisms and cognitive processes especially involved in the preclinical and prodromal stages of cognitive decline still need to be thoroughly investigated from an integrated, multidisciplinary perspective. In order to further explore these topics, authors are encouraged to submit original articles as well as review papers for the Special Issue entitled “Functional Connectivity and Cognition in Aging and Neurocognitive Disorders”.

Dr. Paolo Taurisano
Dr. Marianna Delussi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Mild Cognitive Impairment
  • Neurocognitive Disorders
  • Aging Continuum
  • Brain Activity
  • Cognition

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 1919 KiB  
Article
Sex Differences in Behavior and Learning Abilities in Adult Rats
by Maria Pupikina and Evgenia Sitnikova
Life 2023, 13(2), 547; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/life13020547 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1930
Abstract
Laboratory rats have excellent learning abilities and are often used in cognitive neuroscience research. The majority of rat studies are conducted on males, whereas females are usually overlooked. Here, we examined sex differences in behavior and tactile sensitivity in littermates during adulthood (5.8–7.6 [...] Read more.
Laboratory rats have excellent learning abilities and are often used in cognitive neuroscience research. The majority of rat studies are conducted on males, whereas females are usually overlooked. Here, we examined sex differences in behavior and tactile sensitivity in littermates during adulthood (5.8–7.6 months of age). We used a battery of behavioral tests, including the 2% sucrose preference test (positive motivation), a free-choice paradigm (T-maze, neutral situation), and associative fear-avoidance learning (negative motivation, aversive situation). Tactile perception was examined using the von Frey test (aversive situation). In two aversive situations (von Frey test and avoidance learning), females were examined during the diestrus stage of the estrous cycle, and ultrasonic vocalization was recorded in both sexes. It was found that (1) females, but not males, lost their body weight on the first day of the sucrose preference test, suggesting sex differences in their reaction to environmental novelty or in metabolic homeostasis; (2) the tactile threshold in females was lower than in males, and females less frequently emitted aversive ultrasonic calls; (3) in the avoidance learning task, around 26% of males (but no females) were not able to learn and experienced frizzing. Overall, the performance of associative fear-avoidance in males was worse than in females. In general, females demonstrated higher abilities of associative learning and less persistently emitted aversive ultrasonic calls. Full article
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