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Processing and Treatment of Hexagonal Metallic Materials

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A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 April 2021) | Viewed by 13295

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jaroslav Čapek

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Guest Editor

Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Interests: Thermomechanical treatment; metallic biomaterials; processing-microstructure-properties relationships

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Materials with hexagonal closed packed structure (HCP) play an important role in various fields of our life. For example, zirconium or its alloys are used in nuclear industry; titanium-based materials are widely used in aerospace and aircraft industry, but also in medicine for the fabrication of various types of implants. Magnesium- and zinc-based materials are being studied as candidates for the fabrication of biodegradable implants and more. Because high and very specific demands are placed on the materials for those applications, the properties of the materials need to be enhanced in some cases. This can be achieved, for example, by various types of thermal and thermomechanical treatments, or by surface treatments/modifications. Such modifications can allow downsizing of the construction parts, a prolongation of their lifespan, or enhancement of the biocompatibility. This is very important from the economic and environmental point of view.

Potential topics for this Special Issue, entitled “Processing and Treatment of Hexagonal Metallic Materials” include but are not limited to the following:

Treatment of Ti-, Mg-, or Zn-based biomaterials
Influence of thermal treatment on mechanical and corrosion properties
Influence of working (extrusion, ECAP, rolling, etc.) on microstructural, mechanical, or corrosion characteristics
Additive manufacturing of HCP metals
Surface treatment of HCP metals – influence on tribological, corrosion and biological properties

Dr. Jaroslav Čapek
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

hexagonal metals
thermomechanical treatment
surface treatment
titanium
zinc
magnesium
microstructure
mechanical properties
corrosion properties
biocompatibility

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

3 pages, 190 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Special Issue: “Processing and Treatment of Hexagonal Metals”

by Jaroslav Čapek

Metals 2021, 11(11), 1753; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met11111753 - 31 Oct 2021

Viewed by 1062

Abstract

There is currently an increasing demand for metals with a hexagonal close-packed structure (HCP) [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing and Treatment of Hexagonal Metallic Materials)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

14 pages, 5252 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of the Microstructure of the Initial Material on the Zn Wires Prepared by Direct Extrusion with a Huge Extrusion Ratio

by Jaroslav Čapek, Lukáš Kadeřávek, Jan Pinc, Jaromír Kopeček and Ladislav Klimša

Metals 2021, 11(5), 787; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met11050787 - 13 May 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1900

Abstract

In this study, we prepared zinc wires with a diameter of 250 µm by direct extrusion using an extrusion ratio of 576. We studied the influence of the extrusion temperature and microstructure of the initial Zn billets on the microstructural and mechanical characteristics of the extruded wires. The extrusion temperature played a significant role in the final grain size. The wires extruded at 300 °C possessed a coarse-grained microstructure and the shape of their tensile stress–strain curves suggested that twinning played an important role during their deformation. A significant influence of the initial grain size on the final microstructure was observed after the extrusion at 100 °C. The wires prepared from the billet with a very coarse-grained microstructure possessed a bimodal grain size. A significant coarsening of their microstructure was observed after the tensile test. The wires prepared from the medium-grained billets at 100 °C were relatively coarse-grained, but their grain size was stable during the straining, resulting in the highest ultimate tensile strength. This preliminary study shows that strong attention should be paid to the extrusion parameters and the microstructure of the initial billets, because they significantly influence the microstructure and mechanical behavior of the obtained wires. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing and Treatment of Hexagonal Metallic Materials)

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18 pages, 6258 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Microstructure, Mechanical, Corrosion, and Ignition Properties of WE43 Alloy Prepared by Different Processes

by Drahomír Dvorský, Jiří Kubásek, Klára Hosová, Miroslav Čavojský and Dalibor Vojtěch

Metals 2021, 11(5), 728; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met11050728 - 28 Apr 2021

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2308

Abstract

This paper deals with the effect of microstructure condition on ignition temperature, mechanical and corrosion properties of commercial WE43 alloy prepared by various processing techniques including conventional casting, extrusion, and powder metallurgy methods such as spark plasma sintering. For different processing technique, differences in microstructures were observed, including different grain sizes, intermetallic phases, amount of alloying elements in the solid solutions, or specific structural elements. Mechanical and corrosion properties were improved especially by grain refinement. Precipitation from oversaturated solid solutions led to further improvement of mechanical properties, while corrosion resistance was just slightly decreased due to the fine and homogeneously distributed precipitates of Mg₄₁Nd₅. The obtained results indicate huge differences in ignition resistance based on the metallurgical state of the microstructure. An improved ignition resistance was obtained at the condition with a higher concentration of proper alloying elements (Y, Nd, Gd, Dy) in the solid solution and absence of eutectic phases in the microstructure. Thermally stable intermetallic phases had a minor effect on resulting ignition temperature. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing and Treatment of Hexagonal Metallic Materials)

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21 pages, 8206 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Different Response of Cast and 3D-Printed Co-Cr-Mo Alloy to Heat Treatment: A Thorough Microstructure Characterization

by Michaela Roudnicka, Jiri Bigas, Orsolya Molnarova, David Palousek and Dalibor Vojtech

Metals 2021, 11(5), 687; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met11050687 - 22 Apr 2021

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3457

Abstract

The Co-Cr-Mo alloy is a biomaterial with very good corrosion resistance and wear resistance; thus, it is widely applied for knee replacements. The wear resistance is influenced by the amount of hcp phase and morphology of carbidic precipitates, which can both be altered by heat treatment. This study compares a conventional knee replacement manufactured by investment casting with a material prepared by the progressive technology of 3D printing. The first set of results shows a different response of both materials in increasing hardness with annealing at increasing temperatures up to the transformation temperature. Based on these results, solution treatment and subsequent aging at conditions to reach the maximum hardness was applied. Microstructural changes were studied thoroughly by means of optical, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. While increased hardness in the conventional material is caused by the precipitation of fine hard carbides combined with an increase in the hcp phase by isothermal transformation, a massive fcc → hcp transformation is the main cause for the hardness increase in the 3D-printed material. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing and Treatment of Hexagonal Metallic Materials)

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16 pages, 4982 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Influence of Ceramic Particles Character on Resulted Properties of Zinc-Hydroxyapatite/Monetite Composites

by Klára Hosová, Jan Pinc, Andrea Školáková, Vilém Bartůněk, Petr Veřtát, Tereza Školáková, Filip Průša, Dalibor Vojtěch and Jaroslav Čapek

Metals 2021, 11(3), 499; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met11030499 - 17 Mar 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2036

Abstract

Zinc and its alloys seem to be promising candidates for biodegradable applications. Those materials are often modified by other elements or compounds in order to enhance their properties. The combination of zinc and apatites is challenging for several reasons. However, the advantages connected with the biological aspects suggest the need for further research into such materials. In this study, three zinc-based composites with 4 and 8 wt. % of nanohydroxyapatite or nanomonetite (Zn-4MO, Zn-4HA, Zn-8HA) were prepared by sintering and subsequent extrusion. Materials prepared in this way were characterized from the microstructural, mechanical and corrosion point of view. The obtained results showed a significant influence of particle character (amount and morphology) on the strength and ductility of the prepared materials. In case of Zn-4MO, the presence of monetite significantly increased the ductility compared with the other materials. In addition, the increment of the degradation rate caused by the presence of monetite was observed as well. All obtained results pointed out to significant advantages of monetite for the preparation of Zn-apatite composites compared with hydroxyapatite. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing and Treatment of Hexagonal Metallic Materials)

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11 pages, 2222 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of Surface Finishing on Corrosion Behaviour of 3D Printed TiAlV Alloy

by Jaroslav Fojt, Vojtěch Hybášek, Zdeněk Kačenka and Eva Průchová

Metals 2020, 10(11), 1547; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met10111547 - 21 Nov 2020

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1914

Abstract

Additive manufacturing is currently one of the promising methods for the fabrication of products of complex shapes. It is also used in medical applications, thanks to technological progress, which also enables the printing of metallic materials. However, the final products often have to undergo a final surface treatment. In this work, the influence of surface finishing on the corrosion behavior of the medical alloy Ti-6Al-4V prepared by the selective laser melting technique is studied. The samples were subjected to mechanical, chemical and electrochemical treatments. Corrosion behavior was investigated using DC and AC electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic and potentiostatic curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the influence of surface treatments on the possibility of localized corrosion attack was evaluated. The results showed that the surface treatments have a positive effect on the corrosion resistance and reduce the risk of crevice corrosion. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Processing and Treatment of Hexagonal Metallic Materials)

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