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Nanomaterials
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Application of Nanotechnology in Cardiology
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Application of Nanotechnology in Cardiology

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2020) | Viewed by 16196

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Norio Fukuda

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cell Physiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: cardiac and skeletal muscle physiology/biophysics; heart failure; nanomedicine; nano-imaging; microscopic analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since the birth of single molecule biophysics, nano-imaging technologies have been applied for the visualization of ions or proteins in various bioscience fields. The recent worldwide application of these technologies to cardiology has successfully yielded fundamental mechanistic findings. The following important information on the complexity of cardiac excitation–contraction has been revealed: ion channel regulation and intracellular Ca2+ dynamics or sarcomeric function in isolated or cultured cardiomyocytes, and in the beating heart in vivo. The application of nanotechnology in cardiology, therefore, will bring new prospects to the diagnosis and treatment of various types of heart disease.

This Special Issue of Nanomaterials will publish high-quality research papers, short communications, and reviews covering the most recent advances in cardiac nanophysiology or nanomedicine. While the potential applications for nanotechnology in cardiology are countless, the topics include, but are not limited to, the following categories:

  1. Ion channels
  2. Excitation–contraction coupling
  3. Active and passive properties of sarcomeres
  4. Mitochondrial functions
  5. Nano-materials for cardiac research
  6. Hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies
  7. Cardiac regenerative medicine

Dr. Norio Fukuda
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • imaging
  • excitation–contraction coupling
  • calcium
  • sarcomere
  • signaling
  • myocardium
  • heart failure
  • nanomaterial
  • drug targeting
  • regenerative medicine

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2363 KiB  
Article
Real-Time In Vivo Imaging of Mouse Left Ventricle Reveals Fluctuating Movements of the Intercalated Discs
by Fuyu Kobirumaki-Shimozawa, Tomohiro Nakanishi, Togo Shimozawa, Takako Terui, Kotaro Oyama, Jia Li, William E. Louch, Shin’ichi Ishiwata and Norio Fukuda
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(3), 532; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano10030532 - 16 Mar 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 6419
Abstract
Myocardial contraction is initiated by action potential propagation through the conduction system of the heart. It has been thought that connexin 43 in the gap junctions (GJ) within the intercalated disc (ID) provides direct electric connectivity between cardiomyocytes (electronic conduction). However, recent studies [...] Read more.
Myocardial contraction is initiated by action potential propagation through the conduction system of the heart. It has been thought that connexin 43 in the gap junctions (GJ) within the intercalated disc (ID) provides direct electric connectivity between cardiomyocytes (electronic conduction). However, recent studies challenge this view by providing evidence that the mechanosensitive cardiac sodium channels Nav1.5 localized in perinexii at the GJ edge play an important role in spreading action potentials between neighboring cells (ephaptic conduction). In the present study, we performed real-time confocal imaging of the CellMask-stained ID in the living mouse heart in vivo. We found that the ID structure was not rigid. Instead, we observed marked flexing of the ID during propagation of contraction from cell to cell. The variation in ID length was between ~30 and ~42 μm (i.e., magnitude of change, ~30%). In contrast, tracking of α-actinin-AcGFP revealed a comparatively small change in the lateral dimension of the transitional junction near the ID (i.e., magnitude of change, ~20%). The present findings suggest that, when the heart is at work, mechanostress across the perinexii may activate Nav1.5 by promoting ephaptic conduction in coordination with electronic conduction, and, thereby, efficiently transmitting excitation-contraction coupling between cardiomyocytes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Nanotechnology in Cardiology)
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16 pages, 6493 KiB  
Article
Sustained Release of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) Encapsulated Polycaprolactone (PCL) Microspheres Promote Angiogenesis In Vivo
by Pala Arunkumar, Julie A. Dougherty, Jessica Weist, Naresh Kumar, Mark G. Angelos, Heather M. Powell and Mahmood Khan
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(7), 1037; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano9071037 - 20 Jul 2019
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 4959
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in the Unites States and globally. The administration of growth factors to preserve cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI) is currently being explored. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), a potent angiogenic factor has [...] Read more.
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in the Unites States and globally. The administration of growth factors to preserve cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI) is currently being explored. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), a potent angiogenic factor has poor clinical efficacy due to its short biological half-life and low plasma stability. The goal of this study was to develop bFGF-loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) microspheres for sustained release of bFGF and to evaluate its angiogenic potential. The bFGF-PCL microspheres (bFGF-PCL-MS) were fabricated using the emulsion solvent-evaporation method and found to have spherical morphology with a mean size of 4.21 ± 1.28 µm. In vitro bFGF release studies showed a controlled release for up to 30 days. Treatment of HUVECs with bFGF-PCL-MS in vitro enhanced their cell proliferation and migration properties when compared to the untreated control group. Treatment of HUVECs with release media from bFGF-PCL-MS also significantly increased expression of angiogenic genes (bFGF and VEGFA) as compared to untreated cells. The in vivo angiogenic potential of these bFGF-PCL-MS was further confirmed in rats using a Matrigel plug assay with subsequent immunohistochemical staining showing increased expression of angiogenic markers. Overall, bFGF-PCL-MS could serve as a potential angiogenic agent to promote cell survival and angiogenesis following an acute myocardial infarction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Nanotechnology in Cardiology)
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13 pages, 2246 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of Troponin I Biosensor Composed of Multi-Functional DNA Structure/Au Nanocrystal Using Electrochemical and Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Dual-Detection Method
by Taek Lee, Jinmyeong Kim, Inho Nam, Yeonju Lee, Ha Eun Kim, Hiesang Sohn, Seong-Eun Kim, Jinho Yoon, Sang Woo Seo, Min-Ho Lee and Chulhwan Park
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(7), 1000; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano9071000 - 11 Jul 2019
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 4326
Abstract
In the present study, we fabricated a dual-mode cardiac troponin I (cTnI) biosensor comprised of multi-functional DNA (MF-DNA) on Au nanocrystal (AuNC) using an electrochemical method (EC) and a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) method. To construct a cTnI bioprobe, a DNA 3 [...] Read more.
In the present study, we fabricated a dual-mode cardiac troponin I (cTnI) biosensor comprised of multi-functional DNA (MF-DNA) on Au nanocrystal (AuNC) using an electrochemical method (EC) and a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) method. To construct a cTnI bioprobe, a DNA 3 way-junction (3WJ) was prepared to introduce multi-functionality. Each DNA 3WJ arm was modified to possess a recognition region (Troponin I detection aptamer), an EC-LSPR signal generation region (methylene blue: MB), and an anchoring region (Thiol group), respectively. After an annealing step, the multi-functional DNA 3WJ was assembled, and its configuration was confirmed by Native-TBM PAGE for subsequent use in biosensor construction. cTnI was also expressed and purified for use in biosensor experiments. To construct an EC-LSPR dual-mode biosensor, AuNCs were prepared on an indium-tin-oxide (ITO) substrate using an electrodeposition method. The prepared multi-functional (MF)-DNA was then immobilized onto AuNCs by covalent bonding. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to analyze the surface morphology. LSPR and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) experiments were performed to confirm the binding between the target and the bioprobe. The results indicated that cTnI could be effectively detected in the buffer solution and in diluted-human serum. Based on the results of these experiments, the loss on drying (LOD) was determined to be 1.0 pM in HEPES solution and 1.0 pM in 10% diluted human serum. Additionally, the selectivity assay was successfully tested using a number of different proteins. Taken together, the results of our study indicate that the proposed dual-mode biosensor is applicable for use in field-ready cTnI diagnosis systems for emergency situations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Nanotechnology in Cardiology)
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